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[#]: subject: "lnav: Advanced Log File Viewer for Linux Desktops and Servers"
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[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/advanced-log-file-viewer-lnav-ubuntu-linux/"
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[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: "geekpi"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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lnav: Advanced Log File Viewer for Linux Desktops and Servers
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======
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**If you want to debug or troubleshoot any issues, you need an advanced log file viewer like lnav – which works wonders in the terminal for any Linux system.**
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### lnav: Log file viewer
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lnav can unzip all the compressed log files on the fly and merge them together for a nice display. The display is parsed and formatted based on the types of errors/warnings – this helps to quickly glance through the thousands of logs, especially in servers.
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While analysing the logs, timestamps are very important. So lnav merges multiple logs based on timestamps, which is very helpful for tracking down system issues.
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Most of the important log file format detection is built-in; see below:
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- Common Web Access Log format
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- CUPS page_log
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- Syslog
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- Glog
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- VMware ESXi/vCenter Logs
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- dpkg.log
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- uwsgi
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- “Generic” – Any message that starts with a timestamp
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- Strace
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- sudo
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- GZIP, BZIP
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That is not all; lnav is also capable of the below features, making it an important app for Linux systems.
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- Filter messages based on regular expression
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- A timeline view of errors
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- Pretty-Print view- helps to reformat
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- Query Log using SQL
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- A log is updated in real-time while being searched.
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- Syntax highlight via regular expression (say you want to find out an IP address in the entire log)
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- Tab completion of any word from the log which is displayed !!
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![lnav-running-in-ubutu][1]
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To view the screenshots of the above features and learn more, visit [this page.][2]
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### How to Install
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This program is available in official Ubuntu, Debian repo. Install it using the following command.
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```
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sudo apt install lnav
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```
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And for Fedora, RHEL users, use the below command:
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```
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sudo dnf install lnav
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```
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Also the developers provides an offline standalone executable which you don’t need to install. You can download the zip from the [GitHub release page][3] and execute as:
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```
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./lnav
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```
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**Note**: It’s also available for macOS which you can find in the above GitHub page.
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### lnav: How to use (Basics)
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The simple command syntax is:
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```
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lnav [options] [logfile1 logfile2 …]
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```
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If you run just lnav from the command, it shows all the logs from your system (/var/log/messages and /var/log/syslog)
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```
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lnav
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```
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To view any specific log file, provide it via the command line:
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```
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lnav /var/log/syslog
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```
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Add timestamp in your log output using -t parameter
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```
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lnav -t /var/log/syslog
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```
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Here are some of the key switches of lnav
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```
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-d file Write debug messages to the given file.-a Load all of the most recent log file types.-r Load older rotated log files as well.-t Prepend timestamps to the lines of data being read inon the standard input.-w file Write the contents of the standard input to this file.-c cmd Execute a command after the files have been loaded.-f path Execute the commands in the given file.-n Run without the curses UI. (headless mode)
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```
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![lnav running in Ubuntu 22.04][4]
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For further reading and exploration, visit the [official documentation][5].
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[Next:How to Make LibreOffice Look Like Microsoft Office][6]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.debugpoint.com/advanced-log-file-viewer-lnav-ubuntu-linux/
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作者：[Arindam][a]
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选题：[lkxed][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
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[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
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[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/lnav-Running-in-Ubutu.png
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[2]: http://lnav.org/features/
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[3]: https://github.com/tstack/lnav/releases/
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[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/lnav-running-in-Ubuntu-22.04.jpg
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[5]: https://docs.lnav.org/en/latest/intro.html
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[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/libreoffice-like-microsoft-office/
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@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
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[#]: subject: "lnav: Advanced Log File Viewer for Linux Desktops and Servers"
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[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/advanced-log-file-viewer-lnav-ubuntu-linux/"
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[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: "geekpi"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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lnav: 用于 Linux 台式机和服务器的高级日志文件浏览器
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======
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**如果你想调试或排除任何问题，你需要一个像 lnav这样的高级日志文件查看器。它在任何 Linux 系统的终端都能创造奇迹。**
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### lnav: 日志文件查看器
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lnav 可以即时解压缩所有的压缩日志文件，并将它们合并在一起进行漂亮的显示。显示是根据错误/警告的类型进行解析和格式化的，这有助于快速浏览成千上万的日志，特别是在服务器中。
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在分析日志的时候，时间戳是非常重要的。所以 lnav 根据时间戳合并多个日志，这对追踪系统问题很有帮助。
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大多数重要的日志文件格式检测都是内置的，如下：
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- 常见的网络访问日志格式
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- CUPS page_log
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- Syslog
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- Glog
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- VMware ESXi/vCenter 日志
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- dpkg.log
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- uwsgi
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- “通用”：任何以时间戳开头的信息
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- Strace
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- sudo
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- GZIP, BZIP
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这还不是全部，lnav 还能实现以下功能，使其成为 Linux 系统的重要应用。
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- 根据正则表达式过滤消息
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- 错误的时间轴视图
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- 漂亮的打印视图，这有助于重新格式化
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- 使用 SQL 查询日志
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- 在搜索时，日志会实时更新。
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- 通过正则表达式高亮显示语法（比如你想在整个日志中找出一个 IP 地址）
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- 显示的日志中任何单词的 Tab 补全！!
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![lnav 在 ubuntu 中运行][1]
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要查看上述功能的截图和了解更多信息，请访问[本页面][2] 。
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### 如何安装
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这个程序在 Ubuntu、Debian 的官方仓库中可以找到。使用以下命令安装它。
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```
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sudo apt install lnav
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```
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而对于 Fedora、RHEL 用户，使用下面的命令：
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```
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sudo dnf install lnav
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```
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另外，开发者还提供了一个离线的独立可执行文件，你不需要安装。你可以从 [GitHub 发布页][3]下载压缩包，然后按以下方式执行：
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```
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./lnav
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```
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**注意**：它也可用于 macOS，你可以在上述 GitHub 页面找到。
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### lnav: 如何使用（基础）
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简单的命令语法是：
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```
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lnav [options] [logfile1 logfile2 …]
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```
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如果你只运行 lnav 命令，它会显示你系统中的所有日志（/var/log/messages 和 /var/log/syslog)
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```
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lnav
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```
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要查看任何特定的日志文件，在命令行中输入：
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```
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lnav /var/log/syslog
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```
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使用 -t 参数在你的日志输出中添加时间戳：
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```
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lnav -t /var/log/syslog
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```
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以下是 lnav 的一些关键开关：
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```
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-d file 将调试信息写入给定的文件。
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-a 加载所有最新的日志文件类型。
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-r 也加载较早的旋转日志文件。
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-t 在标准输入中读入的数据行上预加时间戳。
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-w file 将标准输入的内容写入该文件。
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-c cmd 在文件加载后执行命令。
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-f path 执行给定文件中的命令。
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-n 不使用 curses UI 运行(无头模式)。
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```
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![lnav 在 Ubuntu 22.04 中运行][4]
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要进一步阅读和探索，请访问[官方文档][5]。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.debugpoint.com/advanced-log-file-viewer-lnav-ubuntu-linux/
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作者：[Arindam][a]
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选题：[lkxed][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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||||
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
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[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
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[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/lnav-Running-in-Ubutu.png
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[2]: http://lnav.org/features/
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[3]: https://github.com/tstack/lnav/releases/
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[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/lnav-running-in-Ubuntu-22.04.jpg
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[5]: https://docs.lnav.org/en/latest/intro.html
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