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[translated]How to permanently mount a Windows share on Linux
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How to permanently mount a Windows share on Linux
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>If you get tired of having to remount Windows shares when you reboot your Linux box, read about an easy way to make those shares permanently mount.
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>Image: Jack Wallen
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It has never been easier for Linux to interact within a Windows network. And considering how many businesses are adopting Linux, those two platforms have to play well together. Fortunately, with the help of a few tools, you can easily map Windows network drives onto a Linux machine, and even ensure they are still there upon rebooting the Linux machine.
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### Before we get started
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For this to work, you will be using the command line. The process is pretty simple, but you will be editing the /etc/fstab file, so do use caution.
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Also, I assume you already have Samba working properly so you can manually mount shares from a Windows network to your Linux box, and that you know the IP address of the machine hosting the share.
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Are you ready? Let's go.
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### Create your mount point
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The first thing we're going to do is create a folder that will serve as the mount point for the share. For the sake of simplicity, we'll name this folder share and we'll place it in /media. Open your terminal window and issue the command:
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```
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sudo mkdir /media/share
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```
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### A few installations
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Now we have to install the system that allows for cross-platform file sharing; this system is cifs-utils. From the terminal window, issue the command:
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```
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sudo apt-get install cifs-utils
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```
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This command will also install all of the dependencies for cifs-utils.
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Once this is installed, open up the file /etc/nsswitch.conf and look for the line:
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```
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hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns
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```
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Edit that line so it looks like:
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```
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hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] wins dns
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```
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Now you must install windbind so that your Linux machine can resolve Windows computer names on a DHCP network. From the terminal, issue this command:
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```
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sudo apt-get install libnss-windbind windbind
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```
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Restart networking with the command:
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```
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sudo service networking restart
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```
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### Mount the network drive
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Now we're going to map the network drive. This is where we must edit the /etc/fstab file. Before you make that first edit, back up the file with this command:
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```
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sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.old
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```
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If you need to restore that file, issue the command:
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```
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sudo mv /etc/fstab.old /etc/fstab
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```
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Create a credentials file in your home directory called .smbcredentials. In that file, add your username and password, like so (USER is the actual username and password is the actual password):
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```
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username=USER
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password=PASSWORD
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```
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You now have to know the Group ID (GID) and User ID (UID) of the user that will be mounting the drive. Issue the command:
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```
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id USER
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```
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USER is the actual username, and you should see something like:
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```
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uid=1000(USER) gid=1000(GROUP)
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```
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USER is the actual username, and GROUP is the group name. The numbers before (USER) and (GROUP) will be used in the /etc/fstab file.
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It's time to edit the /etc/fstab file. Open that file in your editor and add the following line to the end (replace everything in ALL CAPS and the IP address of the remote machine):
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```
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//192.168.1.10/SHARE /media/share cifs credentials=/home/USER/.smbcredentials,iocharset=uft8,gid=GID,udi=UID,file_mode=0777,dir_mode=0777 0 0
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```
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**Note**: The above should be on a single line.
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Save and close that file. Issue the command sudo mount -a and the share will be mounted. Check in /media/share and you should see the files and folders on the network share.
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### Sharing made easy
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Thanks to cifs-utils and Samba, mapping network shares is incredibly easy on a Linux machine. And now, you won't have to manually remount those shares every time your machine boots.
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For more networking tips and tricks, sign up for our Data Center newsletter.
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[SUBSCRIBE](https://secure.techrepublic.com/user/login/?regSource=newsletter-button&position=newsletter-button&appId=true&redirectUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.techrepublic.com%2Farticle%2Fhow-to-permanently-mount-a-windows-share-on-linux%2F&)
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.techrepublic.com/article/how-to-permanently-mount-a-windows-share-on-linux/
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作者：[Jack Wallen][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: http://www.techrepublic.com/search/?a=jack+wallen
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@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
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如何在 Linux 上永久挂载一个 Windows 共享
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> 如果你已经厌倦了每次重启 Linux 就得重新挂载 Windows 共享，读读这个让共享永久挂载的简单方法。
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>图片： Jack Wallen
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在 Linux 上和一个 Windows 网络进行交互从来就不是件轻松的事情。想想多少企业正在采用 Linux，这两个平台不得不一起好好协作。幸运的是，有了一些工具的帮助，你可以轻松地将 Windows 网络驱动器映射到一台 Linux 机器上，甚至可以确保在重启 Linux 机器之后共享还在。
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### 在我们开始之前
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要实现这个，你需要用到命令行。过程十分简单，但你需要编辑 /etc/fstab 文件，所以小心操作。还有，我假设你已经有正常工作的 Samba 了，可以手动从 Windows 网络挂载共享到你的 Linux 机器，还知道这个共享的主机 IP 地址。
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准备好了吗？那就开始吧。
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### 创建你的挂载点
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我们要做的第一件事是创建一个文件夹，他将作为共享的挂载点。为了简单起见，我们将这个文件夹命名为 share，放在 /media 之下。打开你的终端执行以下命令：
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```
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sudo mkdir /media/share
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```
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### 一些安装
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现在我们得安装允许跨平台文件共享的系统；这个系统是 cifs-utils。在终端窗口输入：
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```
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sudo apt-get install cifs-utils
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```
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这个命令同时还会安装 cifs-utils 所有的依赖。
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安装完成之后，打开文件 /etc/nsswitch.conf 并找到这一行：
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```
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hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns
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```
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编辑这一行，让它看起来像这样：
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```
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hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] wins dns
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```
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现在你必须安装 windbind 让你的 Linux 机器可以在 DHCP 网络中解析 Windows 机器名。在终端里执行：
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```
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sudo apt-get install libnss-windbind windbind
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```
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用这个命令重启网络服务：
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```
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sudo service networking restart
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```
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### 挂载网络驱动器
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现在我们要映射网络驱动器。这里我们必须编辑 /etc/fstab 文件。在你做第一次编辑之前，用这个命令备份以下这个文件：
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```
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sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.old
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```
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如果你需要恢复这个文件，执行以下命令：
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```
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sudo mv /etc/fstab.old /etc/fstab
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```
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在你的主目录创建一个认证信息文件 .smbcredentials。在这个文件里添加你的用户名和密码，就像这样（USER 和 PASSWORD 是实际的用户名和密码）：
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```
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username=USER
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password=PASSWORD
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```
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你需要知道挂载这个驱动器的用户的组 ID（GID）和用户 ID（UID）。执行命令：
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```
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id USER
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```
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USER 是实际的用户名，你应该会看到类似这样的信息：
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```
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uid=1000(USER) gid=1000(GROUP)
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```
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USER 是实际的用户名，GROUP 是组名。在（USER）和（GROUP）之前的数字将会被用在 /etc/fstab 文件之中。
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是时候编辑 /etc/fstab 文件了。在你的编辑器中打开那个文件并添加下面这行到文件末尾（替换以下全大写字段以及远程机器的 IP 地址）：
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```
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//192.168.1.10/SHARE /media/share cifs credentials=/home/USER/.smbcredentials,iocharset=uft8,gid=GID,udi=UID,file_mode=0777,dir_mode=0777 0 0
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```
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**注意**：上面这些内容应该在同一行上。
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保存并关闭那个文件。执行 sudo mount -a 命令，共享将被挂载。检查一下 /media/share，你应该能看到那个网络共享上的文件和文件夹了。
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### 共享很简单
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有了 cifs-utils 和 Samba，映射网络共享在一台 Linux 机器上简单得让人难以置信。现在，你再也不用在每次机器启动的时候手动重新挂载那些共享了。
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更多网络提示和技巧，订阅我们的 Data Center 消息吧。
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[订阅](https://secure.techrepublic.com/user/login/?regSource=newsletter-button&position=newsletter-button&appId=true&redirectUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.techrepublic.com%2Farticle%2Fhow-to-permanently-mount-a-windows-share-on-linux%2F&)
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.techrepublic.com/article/how-to-permanently-mount-a-windows-share-on-linux/
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作者：[Jack Wallen][a]
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译者：[alim0x](https://github.com/alim0x)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: http://www.techrepublic.com/search/?a=jack+wallen
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