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[#]: subject: "How to Install Docker And Docker Compose In Ubuntu 22.04 LTS"
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[#]: via: "https://ostechnix.com/install-docker-ubuntu/"
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[#]: author: "sk https://ostechnix.com/author/sk/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: "Donkey"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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How to Install Docker And Docker Compose In Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
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======
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A Step By Step Guide To Install Docker Engine With Docker Compose In Ubuntu.
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In this guide, we will see what is **Docker**, how to **install Docker Engine in Ubuntu** Linux. In addition, we will also see how to **install Docker compose**, a tool to define and run multi-container Docker applications.
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This guide has been officially tested on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. However, it should work on older versions such as 20.04 LTS, and 18.04 LTS. For better security and stability, I recommend you to use the most recent Ubuntu 22.04 LTS version.
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### What Is Docker?
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**Docker** is a fast, lightweight and OS level virtualization technology for developers and system administrators who wants to build an application with all of required dependencies, and ship it out as only one package.
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Unlike other Virtualization methods, such as VMWare, Xen and VirtualBox, there is no need of separate guest operating system for each virtual machine.
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All Docker containers efficiently share the host operating system's Kernel. Each container will run in an isolated userspace in the same operating system.
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Docker containers will also run on any Linux variant. Let us say you're working in Fedora, and I am using Ubuntu. We can still develop, share and distribute the Docker images with each other.
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You don't have to worry about the OS, software, customized settings, or anything. We can continue the development as long as we have Docker installed in our host system. Simply put, Docker will work everywhere!
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You read two terms in the above paragraphs namely **Docker images** and **Docker containers**. You might wonder, what they are and what is the difference between them.
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In layman's terms, a Docker image is a file which describes how a Container should behave, whereas Docker container is the running (or stopped) state of the Docker image.
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Hope you got a basic idea about Docker. Refer official Docker user guide for more details. The link is attached at the end of this guide.
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### Docker Requirements
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To install and configure Docker, your system must meet the following minimum requirements.
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1. 64 bit Linux or Windows operating systems.
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2. If you're on Linux, the Kernel version should be 3.10 or above.
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3. An user account with `sudo` privileges.
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4. VT (virtualization technology) support enabled on your system BIOS. [Read: [How To Find If A CPU Supports Virtualization Technology (VT)][1]]
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5. Your system should be connected to Internet.
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In Linux, to verify the Kernel and architecture details, run the following command from the Terminal:
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```
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$ uname -a
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```
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**Sample Output:**
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```
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Linux Ubuntu22CT 5.15.35-3-pve #1 SMP PVE 5.15.35-6 (Fri, 17 Jun 2022 13:42:35 +0200) x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
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```
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As you see in the above output, my Ubuntu system's kernel version is **5.15.35-3-pve**and my Ubuntu system's architecture is **64 bit** (**x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux**). Check the bold letters in the above result.
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**Heads Up:** Here, I am using Ubuntu 22.04 container in **[Proxmox][2]**. This is why you see word "pve" in the kernel version in the above output. If you're using Ubuntu physical (or virtual) machine, you will see **5.15.35-3-generic** as kernel version.
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Well, the Kernel version is higher than the minimum requirement, and the arch is 64 bit. So, we can install and use Docker without any problems.
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Please note that it doesn't matter which Ubuntu OS you use. Also, It doesn't matter whether you use Ubuntu Desktop or Ubuntu Server edition or any other Ubuntu variants such as Lubuntu, Kubuntu, Xubuntu.
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Docker will work just fine as long as your system has the Kernel version 3.10+, and your system's arch is 64 bit.
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### Install Docker In Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
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First of all, update your Ubuntu system.
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#### 1. Update Ubuntu
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Open your Terminal, and run the following commands one by one:
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```
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$ sudo apt update
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```
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```
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$ sudo apt upgrade
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```
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```
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$ sudo apt full-upgrade
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```
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#### 2. Add Docker Repository
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First of all, install the necessary certificates and to allow apt package manager to use a repository over HTTPS using command:
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```
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$ sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common gnupg lsb-release
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```
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Next, add Docker's official GPG key by running the following commands:
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```
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$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg
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```
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Add the Docker official repository:
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```
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$ echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
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```
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Update Ubuntu sources list using command:
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```
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$ sudo apt update
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```
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#### 3. Install Docker
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Finally, run the following command to install latest Docker CE in Ubuntu 22.04 LTS server:
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```
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$ sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin
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```
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![Install Docker In Ubuntu][3]
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You can, of course, install a specific Docker version as well. To check the list of available Docker versions, run:
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```
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$ apt-cache madison docker-ce
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```
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**Sample output:**
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```
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docker-ce | 5:20.10.17~3-0~ubuntu-jammy | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu jammy/stable amd64 Packages
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docker-ce | 5:20.10.16~3-0~ubuntu-jammy | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu jammy/stable amd64 Packages
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docker-ce | 5:20.10.15~3-0~ubuntu-jammy | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu jammy/stable amd64 Packages
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docker-ce | 5:20.10.14~3-0~ubuntu-jammy | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu jammy/stable amd64 Packages
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docker-ce | 5:20.10.13~3-0~ubuntu-jammy | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu jammy/stable amd64 Packages
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```
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You can pick any available version from the above list and install it. For instance, to install version **5:20.10.16~3-0~ubuntu-jammy**, run:
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```
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$ sudo apt install docker-ce=5:20.10.16~3-0~ubuntu-jammy docker-ce-cli=5:20.10.16~3-0~ubuntu-jammy containerd.io
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```
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Once it is installed, verify if the Docker service is running with command:
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```
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$ systemctl status docker
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```
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You'll see an output something like below.
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```
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* docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
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Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
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Active: active (running) since Mon 2022-06-27 13:07:43 UTC; 3min 4s ago
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TriggeredBy: * docker.socket
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Docs: https://docs.docker.com
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Main PID: 2208 (dockerd)
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Tasks: 8
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Memory: 29.6M
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CPU: 126ms
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CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
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`-2208 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
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Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.071453522Z" level=info msg="ccResolverWrapper: sending update to cc: {[{unix:>
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Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.071459974Z" level=info msg="ClientConn switching balancer to \"pick_first\"" >
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Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.130989294Z" level=info msg="Loading containers: start."
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Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.187439756Z" level=info msg="Default bridge (docker0) is assigned with an IP a>
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Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.235966874Z" level=info msg="Loading containers: done."
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Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.240149866Z" level=warning msg="Not using native diff for overlay2, this may c>
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Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.240281966Z" level=info msg="Docker daemon" commit=a89b842 graphdriver(s)=over>
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Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.240386856Z" level=info msg="Daemon has completed initialization"
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Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
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Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.276336600Z" level=info msg="API listen on /run/docker.sock"
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```
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Great! Docker service is up and running!
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If it is not started already, run the following command to start Docker service.
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```
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$ sudo systemctl start docker
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```
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Enable Docker service to start automatically on every reboot:
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```
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$ sudo systemctl enable docker
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```
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The installed Docker version can be found using command:
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```
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$ sudo docker version
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```
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**Sample Output:**
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```
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Client: Docker Engine - Community
|
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Version: 20.10.17
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API version: 1.41
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Go version: go1.17.11
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Git commit: 100c701
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Built: Mon Jun 6 23:02:46 2022
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OS/Arch: linux/amd64
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Context: default
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Experimental: true
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Server: Docker Engine - Community
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Engine:
|
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Version: 20.10.17
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API version: 1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
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Go version: go1.17.11
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Git commit: a89b842
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Built: Mon Jun 6 23:00:51 2022
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OS/Arch: linux/amd64
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Experimental: false
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containerd:
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Version: 1.6.6
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GitCommit: 10c12954828e7c7c9b6e0ea9b0c02b01407d3ae1
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runc:
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Version: 1.1.2
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GitCommit: v1.1.2-0-ga916309
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docker-init:
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Version: 0.19.0
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GitCommit: de40ad0
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```
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![Check Docker Version][4]
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|
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#### 4. Testing Docker
|
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|
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Let us go ahead, and test whether Docker is working or not.
|
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|
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To do so, run:
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|
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```
|
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||||||
$ sudo docker run hello-world
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```
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|
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The above command will download a test Docker image, and execute a sample **hello_world** program inside the container.
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If you see an output something like below, congratulations! Docker is working fine in our Ubuntu system.
|
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|
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```
|
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Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
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latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
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||||||
2db29710123e: Pull complete
|
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Digest: sha256:13e367d31ae85359f42d637adf6da428f76d75dc9afeb3c21faea0d976f5c651
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Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
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|
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Hello from Docker!
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|
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This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
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||||||
|
|
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To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
|
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1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
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2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
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(amd64)
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|
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3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
|
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executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
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4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
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to your terminal.
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|
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To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
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$ docker run -it ubuntu bash
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|
|
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Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
|
|
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https://hub.docker.com/
|
|
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|
|
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For more examples and ideas, visit:
|
|
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https://docs.docker.com/get-started/
|
|
||||||
```
|
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|
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||||||
![Run Hello World Docker Container][5]
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|
|
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Great! Docker is ready to use.
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|
|
||||||
#### 5. Run Docker As Non-root User In Linux (Optional)
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|
|
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By default, the Docker daemon binds to a Unix socket instead of a TCP port. Since that **Unix socket is owned by the root** user, the Docker daemon will only run as the root user. Hence, the normal users can't perform most Docker commands.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If you want to run Docker as non-root user in Linux, refer the following guide:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* [How To Run Docker As Non-root User In Linux][6]
|
|
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|
|
||||||
I personally do not use this and **do not recommend it** as well. If you don't expose your system to Internet, it is fine. However, do not run Docker as non-root user in production system.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Install Docker Compose In Ubuntu
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**Docker Compose** is a tool that can be used to define and run multi-container Docker applications. With Compose, you use a Compose file to configure your application’s services. Then, using a single command, you can create and start all the services from your configuration.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
We can install Docker Compose using any one of the following methods.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Method 1 - Install Docker Compose Using Binary
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Download the latest Docker Compose from [here][7].
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
As of writing this, the latest version was **2.6.1**.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Run the following command to download latest stable Docker compose file:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
$ sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.6.1/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If a new version is available, just replace the number **v2.6.1** in the above command with the new version number. Please don't forget to preface **"v"** before the version number.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Finally, apply executable permissions to the binary using command:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
$ sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To check installed docker composer version, run:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
$ docker-compose version
|
|
||||||
Docker Compose version v2.6.1
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Method 2 - Install Docker Compose Using PiP
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Alternatively, we can install Docker Compose using **PIP**. Pip is a python package manager used to install applications written in Python programming language.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Refer the following guide to install Pip on your system.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* [How To Manage Python Packages Using Pip][8]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Once pip installed, run the following command to install docker compose. The following command is same for all Linux distributions!
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
$ pip install docker-compose
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
After installing Docker Compose, you can check the version with command:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
$ docker-compose --version
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
You will see an output something like below.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
docker-compose version 2.6.1, build 8a1c60f6
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Congratulations! We have successfully installed Docker Community Edition and Docker Compose.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
I installed Docker, now what? Check the next article in this series to learn the Docker basics.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* [Getting started with Docker][9]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To install Docker in RPM based systems such as RHEL, Fedora, CentOS, AlmaLinux, Rocky Linux and openSUSE, check the following link.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* [Install Docker in CentOS][10]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Conclusion
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In this guide, we discussed what is Docker and how to install Docker in Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish. Then we learned how to test docker installation by running a hello-world docker image. Finally, we concluded the tutorial by installing Docker compose using two different ways.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**Resource:**
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* [Docker website][11]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
via: https://ostechnix.com/install-docker-ubuntu/
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
作者：[sk][a]
|
|
||||||
选题：[lkxed][b]
|
|
||||||
译者：[Donkey](https://github.com/Donkey-Hao)
|
|
||||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
[a]: https://ostechnix.com/author/sk/
|
|
||||||
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
|
|
||||||
[1]: https://ostechnix.com/how-to-find-if-a-cpu-supports-virtualization-technology-vt/
|
|
||||||
[2]: https://ostechnix.com/install-proxmox-ve/
|
|
||||||
[3]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Install-Docker-In-Ubuntu.png
|
|
||||||
[4]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Check-Docker-Version.png
|
|
||||||
[5]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Run-Hello-World-Docker-Container.png
|
|
||||||
[6]: https://ostechnix.com/how-to-run-docker-as-non-root-user-in-linux/
|
|
||||||
[7]: https://github.com/docker/compose/releases
|
|
||||||
[8]: https://ostechnix.com/manage-python-packages-using-pip/
|
|
||||||
[9]: https://ostechnix.com/getting-started-with-docker/
|
|
||||||
[10]: https://ostechnix.com/install-docker-centos/
|
|
||||||
[11]: https://www.docker.com/
|
|
||||||
@ -0,0 +1,395 @@
|
|||||||
|
[#]: subject: "How to Install Docker And Docker Compose In Ubuntu 22.04 LTS"
|
||||||
|
[#]: via: "https://ostechnix.com/install-docker-ubuntu/"
|
||||||
|
[#]: author: "sk https://ostechnix.com/author/sk/"
|
||||||
|
[#]: collector: "lkxed"
|
||||||
|
[#]: translator: "Donkey"
|
||||||
|
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||||
|
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||||
|
[#]: url: " "
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
如何在 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 中安装 Docker 和 Docker Compose
|
||||||
|
======
|
||||||
|
在 Ubuntu 中使用 Docker Compose 安装 Docker 引擎详细指导
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
在这篇文章中，我们将会明白 **Docker** 是什么，如何 **在 Ubuntu 中安装 Docker 引擎** 。此外，我们也将会明白如何 **安装 Docker Compose** ，它是一个定义并运行多容器的 Docker 应用。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
我们已经在 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 中正式的测试了这份指南。然而，它也应该对旧版本如 20.04 LTS 和 18.04 LTS 有效。为了更好的安全性和稳定性，我推荐你使用最新的版本—— Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 什么是 Docker ？
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Docker** 是一个快捷，轻便的系统级虚拟化技术，开发者和系统管理员可以使用它构建具备所有必要依赖项的应用程序，并将其作为一个包发布。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Docker 与其他如 VMWare 、Xen 、以及 VirtualBox 等工具的虚拟化方式不同，每个虚拟机不需要单独的客户操作系统。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
所有的 Docker 容器有效地共享主机系统内核。每个容器都在同一操作系统中的隔离用户空间中运行。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Docker 容器可以在任何 Linux 版本上运行。比如说你使用 Fedora ，我用 Ubuntu 。我们能相互开发、共享并分发 Docker 镜像。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
你无需担心操作系统、软件以及自定义设置，任何事都不用担心。只要我们的主机安装了 Docker ，就能持续开发。简言之，Docker 能够在任何地方运行！
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
前文中你读到了两个词：**Docker 镜像** 和 **Docker 容器** ，或许你在想它们的区别。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
通俗地说，Docker 镜像是一个描述容器应该如何表现的文件，而 Docker 容器是 Docker 镜像的运行（或停止）状态。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
希望你能够理解 Docker 的基础概念。更多细节，你可以参考文章末尾的 Docker 官方指导手册。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Docker 依赖项
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
为了安装并配置 Docker ，你的系统必须满足下列最低要求：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. 64 位 Linux 或 Windows 系统
|
||||||
|
2. 如果使用 Linux ，内核版本必须不低于 3.10
|
||||||
|
3. 能够使用 `sudo` 权限的用户
|
||||||
|
4. 在你系统 BIOS 上启用了 VT（虚拟化技术）支持 on your system BIOS. [参考: [如何查看 CPU 支持 虚拟化技术（VT）][1]]
|
||||||
|
5. 你的系统应该联网
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
在 Linux ，在终端上运行以下命令验证内核以及架构详细信息：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ uname -a
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**输出样例：**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
Linux Ubuntu22CT 5.15.35-3-pve #1 SMP PVE 5.15.35-6 (Fri, 17 Jun 2022 13:42:35 +0200) x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
正如上面你看到的那样，我的 Ubuntu 系统内核版本是 **5.15.35-3-pve** 并且系统架构是 **64 位**（**x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux**）。查看上方结果的黑体字。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**注意：** 这里，我在 **[Proxmox][2]** 中使用 Ubuntu 22.04 容器。这是你看到上方内核版本中有 “pve” 字符的原因。如果你正在使用 Ubuntu 实体（或者虚拟）机，你将看到系统版本为 **5.15.35-3-generic** 。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
内核版本需要不低于最低要求的版本，并且是 64 位机器。这样不会有任何问题，我们能顺利安装并使用 Docker 。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
请注意你使用哪一个 Ubuntu 系统不重要。并且你使用 Ubuntu 桌面或服务器版本，亦或者其他 Ubuntu 变种如 Lubuntu 、Kubuntu 、Xubuntu ，都不重要。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Docker 会正常运行，只要你的系统内核版本不低于 3.10 ，并且是 64 位系统。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 在 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 中安装 Docker
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
首先，更新你的 Ubuntu 系统。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 1. 更新 Ubuntu
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
打开终端，依次运行下列命令：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ sudo apt update
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ sudo apt upgrade
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ sudo apt full-upgrade
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 2. 添加 Docker 库
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
首先，安装必要的证书并允许 apt 包管理器使用以下命令通过 HTTPS 使用存储库：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common gnupg lsb-release
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
然后，运行下列命令添加 Docker 的官方 GPG 密钥：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
添加 Docker 官方库：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
使用命令更新 Ubuntu 源列表：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ sudo apt update
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 3. 安装 Docker
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
最后，运行下列命令在 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 服务器中安装最新 Docker CE 。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
![Install Docker In Ubuntu][3]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
当然你也可以安装其他版本 Docker 。运行下列命令检查可以安装的 Docker 版本：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ apt-cache madison docker-ce
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**输出样例：**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
docker-ce | 5:20.10.17~3-0~ubuntu-jammy | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu jammy/stable amd64 Packages
|
||||||
|
docker-ce | 5:20.10.16~3-0~ubuntu-jammy | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu jammy/stable amd64 Packages
|
||||||
|
docker-ce | 5:20.10.15~3-0~ubuntu-jammy | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu jammy/stable amd64 Packages
|
||||||
|
docker-ce | 5:20.10.14~3-0~ubuntu-jammy | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu jammy/stable amd64 Packages
|
||||||
|
docker-ce | 5:20.10.13~3-0~ubuntu-jammy | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu jammy/stable amd64 Packages
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
你可以挑选上面列表中的任何版本进行安装。例如，安装 **5:20.10.16~ 3-0 ~ubuntu-jammy** 这个版本，运行：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ sudo apt install docker-ce=5:20.10.16~3-0~ubuntu-jammy docker-ce-cli=5:20.10.16~3-0~ubuntu-jammy containerd.io
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
安装完成后，运行如下命令验证 Docker 服务是否在运行：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ systemctl status docker
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
你会看到类似下面的输出：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
* docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
|
||||||
|
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
|
||||||
|
Active: active (running) since Mon 2022-06-27 13:07:43 UTC; 3min 4s ago
|
||||||
|
TriggeredBy: * docker.socket
|
||||||
|
Docs: https://docs.docker.com
|
||||||
|
Main PID: 2208 (dockerd)
|
||||||
|
Tasks: 8
|
||||||
|
Memory: 29.6M
|
||||||
|
CPU: 126ms
|
||||||
|
CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
|
||||||
|
`-2208 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.071453522Z" level=info msg="ccResolverWrapper: sending update to cc: {[{unix:>
|
||||||
|
Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.071459974Z" level=info msg="ClientConn switching balancer to \"pick_first\"" >
|
||||||
|
Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.130989294Z" level=info msg="Loading containers: start."
|
||||||
|
Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.187439756Z" level=info msg="Default bridge (docker0) is assigned with an IP a>
|
||||||
|
Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.235966874Z" level=info msg="Loading containers: done."
|
||||||
|
Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.240149866Z" level=warning msg="Not using native diff for overlay2, this may c>
|
||||||
|
Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.240281966Z" level=info msg="Docker daemon" commit=a89b842 graphdriver(s)=over>
|
||||||
|
Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.240386856Z" level=info msg="Daemon has completed initialization"
|
||||||
|
Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
|
||||||
|
Jun 27 13:07:43 Ubuntu22CT dockerd[2208]: time="2022-06-27T13:07:43.276336600Z" level=info msg="API listen on /run/docker.sock"
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
好极了！Docker 服务已启动并运行！
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
如果没有运行，运行以下命令运行 Docker 服务：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ sudo systemctl start docker
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
使 Docker 服务在每次重启时自动启动：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ sudo systemctl enable docker
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
可以使用以下命令查看已安装的 Docker 版本：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ sudo docker version
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**输出样例：**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
Client: Docker Engine - Community
|
||||||
|
Version: 20.10.17
|
||||||
|
API version: 1.41
|
||||||
|
Go version: go1.17.11
|
||||||
|
Git commit: 100c701
|
||||||
|
Built: Mon Jun 6 23:02:46 2022
|
||||||
|
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
|
||||||
|
Context: default
|
||||||
|
Experimental: true
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Server: Docker Engine - Community
|
||||||
|
Engine:
|
||||||
|
Version: 20.10.17
|
||||||
|
API version: 1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
|
||||||
|
Go version: go1.17.11
|
||||||
|
Git commit: a89b842
|
||||||
|
Built: Mon Jun 6 23:00:51 2022
|
||||||
|
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
|
||||||
|
Experimental: false
|
||||||
|
containerd:
|
||||||
|
Version: 1.6.6
|
||||||
|
GitCommit: 10c12954828e7c7c9b6e0ea9b0c02b01407d3ae1
|
||||||
|
runc:
|
||||||
|
Version: 1.1.2
|
||||||
|
GitCommit: v1.1.2-0-ga916309
|
||||||
|
docker-init:
|
||||||
|
Version: 0.19.0
|
||||||
|
GitCommit: de40ad0
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
![Check Docker Version][4]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 4. 测试 Docker
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
让我们继续，测试 Docker 是否运行正常：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
运行：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ sudo docker run hello-world
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
上述命令会下载一个 Docker 测试镜像，并在容器内执行一个 **hello_world** 样例程序。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
如果你看到类似下方的输出，那么祝贺你！Docker 正常运行在你的 Ubuntu 系统中。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
|
||||||
|
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
|
||||||
|
2db29710123e: Pull complete
|
||||||
|
Digest: sha256:13e367d31ae85359f42d637adf6da428f76d75dc9afeb3c21faea0d976f5c651
|
||||||
|
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Hello from Docker!
|
||||||
|
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
|
||||||
|
1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
|
||||||
|
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
|
||||||
|
(amd64)
|
||||||
|
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
|
||||||
|
executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
|
||||||
|
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
|
||||||
|
to your terminal.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
|
||||||
|
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
|
||||||
|
https://hub.docker.com/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For more examples and ideas, visit:
|
||||||
|
https://docs.docker.com/get-started/
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
![Run Hello World Docker Container][5]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
很好！可以使用 Docker 了。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 5. 作为非 root 用户运行 Docker （选做）
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
默认情况下，Docker 守护进程（Docker daemon）绑定到 Unix 套接字而不是 TCP 端口。由于 **Unix 套接字由 root** 用户拥有，Docker 守护程序将仅以 root 用户身份运行。因此，普通用户无法执行大多数 Docker 命令。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
如果你想要在 Linux 中作为非 root 用户运行 Docker ，参考下方链接：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* [如何在 Linux 中作为非 root 用户运行 Docker][6]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
我个人不这样做也**不推荐**你这么做。如果你不会在互联网上暴露你的系统，那没问题。然而，不要在生产系统中以非 root 用户身份运行 Docker 。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 在 Ubuntu 中安装 Docker Compose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Docker Compose** 是一个可用于定义和运行多容器 Docker 应用程序的工具。使用 Compose，你可以使用 Compose 文件来配置应用程序的服务。然后，使用单个命令，你可以从配置中创建和启动所有服务。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
下列任何方式都可以安装 Docker Compose 。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 方式 1 - 使用二进制文件安装 Docker Compose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
从 [这里][7] 下载最新 Docker Compose 。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
当我在写这篇文章时，最新版本是 **2.6.1** 。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
运行下列命令安装最新稳定的 Docker Compose 文件：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.6.1/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
如果有更新版本，只需要将上述命令中的 **v2.6.1** 替换为最新的版本号即可。请不要忘记数字前的 **"v"** 。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
最后，使用下列命令赋予二进制文件可执行权限：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
运行下列命令检查安装的 Docker Composer 版本：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ docker-compose version
|
||||||
|
Docker Compose version v2.6.1
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 方式 2 - 使用 PiP 安装 Docker Compose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
或许，我们可以使用 **PIP** 安装 Docker Compose 。Pip 是 Python 包管理器，用来安装使用 Python 编写的应用程序。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
参考下列链接安装 Pip 。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* [如何使用 Pip 管理 Python 包][8]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
安装 pip 后，运行以下命令安装 Docker Compose。下列命令对于所有 Linux 发行版都是相同的！
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ pip install docker-compose
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
安装 Docker Compose 后，使用下列命令检查版本：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
$ docker-compose --version
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
你将会看到类似下方的输出：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
docker-compose version 2.6.1, build 8a1c60f6
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
恭喜你！我们已经成功安装了 Docker Community 版本和 Docker Compose 。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
安装了 Docker，然后呢？查看本系列的下一篇文章，了解 Docker 基础知识。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* [开始使用 Docker][9]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
要在基于 RPM 的系统（例如 RHEL、Fedora、CentOS、AlmaLinux、Rocky Linux 和 openSUSE）中安装 Docker，请参考以下链接。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* [在 CentOS 中安装 Docker][10]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 总结
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
在这篇教程中，我们讨论了 Docker 是什么，如何在 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish 中安装 Docker 。然后学习了如何通过运行 hello-world Docker 镜像测试 Docker 是否成功安装。最后，我们通过使用两种不同的方式安装 Docker Compose 作为本教程的结尾。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**资料：**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* [Docker 主页][11]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
via: https://ostechnix.com/install-docker-ubuntu/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
作者：[sk][a]
|
||||||
|
选题：[lkxed][b]
|
||||||
|
译者：[Donkey](https://github.com/Donkey-Hao)
|
||||||
|
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[a]: https://ostechnix.com/author/sk/
|
||||||
|
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
|
||||||
|
[1]: https://ostechnix.com/how-to-find-if-a-cpu-supports-virtualization-technology-vt/
|
||||||
|
[2]: https://ostechnix.com/install-proxmox-ve/
|
||||||
|
[3]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Install-Docker-In-Ubuntu.png
|
||||||
|
[4]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Check-Docker-Version.png
|
||||||
|
[5]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Run-Hello-World-Docker-Container.png
|
||||||
|
[6]: https://ostechnix.com/how-to-run-docker-as-non-root-user-in-linux/
|
||||||
|
[7]: https://github.com/docker/compose/releases
|
||||||
|
[8]: https://ostechnix.com/manage-python-packages-using-pip/
|
||||||
|
[9]: https://ostechnix.com/getting-started-with-docker/
|
||||||
|
[10]: https://ostechnix.com/install-docker-centos/
|
||||||
|
[11]: https://www.docker.com/
|
||||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user