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geekpi
GitHub
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translating---geekpi
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Hi, in this tutorial we are going to learn how to deploy a golang web application with a docker. You may be already aware of the fact that docker is entirely written in golang due to its high performance and reliability. Before we dive in details, make sure that you have already installed docker and golang and basic understanding of both of them.
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### About docker
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Docker is an open-source program that enables a Linux application bundled with complete dependencies and packaged as container sharing the same kernel of host operating system. On the other hand, the hyper-visor based virtualization OS container like VMware provides a high level of isolation and security since the communication between guest and host is accomplished through hyper-visor as they don't share kernel space. This led to performance overhead due to hardware emulation. So the container virtualization was born that ensures a lightweight virtual environment which groups and isolates a set of processes and resources from the host as well as other containers. Therefor processes inside the container cannot see processes or resources outside the container.
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### Create "Hello World" web apps in GO
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Let us first create a directory for GO apps which will display "Hello World in the browser". Create a web-app directory and make it current directory. Navigate to web-app directory and edit a file by the name "main.go"
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root@demohost:~# mkdir web-app
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root@demohost:~# cd web-app/
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root@demohost:~/web-app# vim.tiny main.go
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package main
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import (
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"fmt"
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"net/http"
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)
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func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
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fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hello %s", r.URL.Path[1:])
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}
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func main() {
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http.HandleFunc("/World", handler)
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http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
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}
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Run the above "Hello World" GO application with the following command. Test it by pointing your favourite browser to http://127.0.0.1:8080/World You will see the "Hello World" message in the browser.
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root@demohost:~/web-app# PORT=8080 go run main.go
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Our next step is to containerize the above application in a docker. Therefore we will create a dockerfile which will tells the docker how to containerize our web-app.
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root@demohost:~/web-app# vim.tiny Dockerfile
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# Get latest golang docker image.
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FROM golang:latest
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# Create a directory inside the container to store our web-app and then make it working directory.
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RUN mkdir -p /go/src/web-app
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WORKDIR /go/src/web-app
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# Copy the web-app directory into the container.
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COPY . /go/src/web-app
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# Download and install third party dependencies into the container.
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RUN go-wrapper download
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RUN go-wrapper install
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# Set the PORT environment variable
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ENV PORT 8080
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# Expose port 8080 to the host so that outer-world can access your application
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EXPOSE 8080
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# Tell Docker what command to run when the container starts
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CMD ["go-wrapper", "run"]
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### Build / Run the container
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Build your GO web-app with the following command, You will get confirmation after successful build.
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root@demohost:~/web-app# docker build --rm -t web-app .
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Sending build context to Docker daemon 3.584 kB
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Step 1 : FROM golang:latest
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latest: Pulling from library/golang
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386a066cd84a: Already exists
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75ea84187083: Pull complete
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88b459c9f665: Pull complete
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a31e17eb9485: Pull complete
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1b272d7ab8a4: Pull complete
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eca636a985c1: Pull complete
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08158782d330: Pull complete
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Digest: sha256:02718aef869a8b00d4a36883c82782b47fc01e774d0ac1afd434934d8ccfee8c
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Status: Downloaded newer image for golang:latest
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---> 9752d71739d2
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Step 2 : RUN mkdir -p /go/src/web-app
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---> Running in 9aef92fff9e8
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---> 49936ff4f50c
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Removing intermediate container 9aef92fff9e8
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Step 3 : WORKDIR /go/src/web-app
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---> Running in 58440a93534c
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---> 0703574296dd
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Removing intermediate container 58440a93534c
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Step 4 : COPY . /go/src/web-app
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---> 82be55bc8e9f
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Removing intermediate container cae309ac7757
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Step 5 : RUN go-wrapper download
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---> Running in 6168e4e96ab1
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+ exec go get -v -d
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---> 59664b190fee
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Removing intermediate container 6168e4e96ab1
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Step 6 : RUN go-wrapper install
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---> Running in e56f093b6f03
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+ exec go install -v
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web-app
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---> 584cd410fdcd
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Removing intermediate container e56f093b6f03
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Step 7 : ENV PORT 8080
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---> Running in 298e2a415819
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---> c87fd2b43977
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Removing intermediate container 298e2a415819
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Step 8 : EXPOSE 8080
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---> Running in 4f639a3790a7
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---> 291167229d6f
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Removing intermediate container 4f639a3790a7
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Step 9 : CMD go-wrapper run
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---> Running in 6cb6bc28e406
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---> b32ca91bdfe0
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Removing intermediate container 6cb6bc28e406
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Successfully built b32ca91bdfe0
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Its time to run our GO web-app, To do that execute the following command.
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root@demohost:~/web-app# docker run -p 8080:8080 --name="test" -d web-app
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7644606b9af28a3ef1befd926f216f3058f500ffad44522c1d4756c576cfa85b
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View your web-apps in http://localhost:8080/World You have successfully containerized a Go web-app which is repeatable/deterministic. Use the following commands to start, stop and check the status of the container.
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List all containers
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root@demohost:~/ docker ps -a
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Start the container using it's id
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root@demohost:~/ docker start CONTAINER_ID_OF_WEB_APP
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Stop the container using it's id
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root@demohost:~/ docker stop CONTAINER_ID_OF_WEB_APP
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### Rebuild docker image
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Lets suppose you are developing a web application and changing the codes. Now to view the result after updating of codes, you need to rebuild the docker image, stop the old image and run the new one and this continues for every time you change the code. To make this process automatic we will use docker volumes to share a directory between host and the container. What it means that you don't have to rebuild images to make changes inside the container. Now how the container will detect if you have made changes to the source code of your web apps ? The answer is there is a nice tool called "Gin" [https://github.com/codegangsta/gin][1] that detects if you have made any changes to the source code, rebuilds the image/binary and run the processes inside the container with new updated codes.
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To make this process automatic, we will edit the Dockerfile and install Gin and execute it as entry command. We will expose the port 3030 ( Gin proxy ) instead of 8080\. Gin proxy will forward traffic to port 8080 of web apps.
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root@demohost:~/web-app# vim.tiny Dockerfile
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# Get latest golang docker image.
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FROM golang:latest
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# Create a directory inside the container to store our web-app and then make it working directory.
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RUN mkdir -p /go/src/web-app
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WORKDIR /go/src/web-app
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# Copy the web-app directory into the container.
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COPY . /go/src/web-app
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# Download and install third party dependencies into the container.
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RUN go get github.com/codegangsta/gin
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RUN go-wrapper download
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RUN go-wrapper install
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# Set the PORT environment variable
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ENV PORT 8080
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# Expose port 8080 to the host so that outer-world can access your application
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EXPOSE 3030
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# Run Gin when the container starts
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CMD gin run
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# Tell Docker what command to run when the container starts
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CMD ["go-wrapper", "run"]
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Now build the image and start the container
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root@demohost:~/web-app# docker build --rm -t web-app .
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We will run the docker with current working directory as root of web-app directory and link CWD to the app directory in the container by exposing port no 3030
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root@demohost:~/web-app# docker run -p 3030:3030 -v `pwd`:/go/src/web-app --name="test" -d web-app
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Point your browser to http://localhost:3030/World , you will be able to view your web apps. Now if you change anything in the code, it will be reflected in the browser once you refresh the browser.
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### Conclusion
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And that’s all, our Go web application is running in Ubuntu 16.04 Docker container! You can extend the current web apps by using a GO framework for rapid development to develop APIs, web apps and back-end services quickly.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://linoxide.com/containers/setup-go-docker-deploy-application/
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作者：[Dwijadas Dey][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://linoxide.com/author/dwijadasd/
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[1]:https://github.com/codegangsta/gin
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@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
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嗨，本教程中，我们将学习如何使用 docker 部署 golang web 应用程序。 你可能已经知道，由于 golang 的高性能和可靠性，docker是完全是用 golang 写的。在我们详细介绍之前，请确保你已经安装了 docker 以及 golang 并对它们有基本了解。
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### 关于 docker
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Docker 是一个开源程序，它使一个 Linux 应用程序捆绑完整的依赖并打包为容器来共享主机操作系统的相同内核。 另一方面，像 VMware 这样的基于 hypervisor 的虚拟化操作系统容器提供了高级别的隔离和安全性，由于客户机和主机之间的通信是通过 hypervisor 来实现的，因为它们不共享内核空间。这也导致了由于硬件仿真带来的性能开销。 所以容器虚拟化诞生了以确保一个轻量级的虚拟环境，它将一组进程和资源与主机以及其他容器分组及隔离。因此，容器内部的进程无法看到容器外部的进程或资源。
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### 用 Go 语言创建一个 "Hello World" web 应用
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让我们创建一个 Go 应用的目录，它会在浏览器中显示“Hello World”。创建一个 web 应用目录并使它成为当前页面。进入 web 应用目录并编辑一个 “main.go”。
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root@demohost:~# mkdir web-app
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root@demohost:~# cd web-app/
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root@demohost:~/web-app# vim.tiny main.go
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package main
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import (
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"fmt"
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"net/http"
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)
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func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
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fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hello %s", r.URL.Path[1:])
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}
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|
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func main() {
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http.HandleFunc("/World", handler)
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http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
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}
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使用下面的命令运行上面的 “Hello World” Go 程序。在浏览器中输入 http://127.0.0.1:8080/World 测试，你会在浏览器中看到“Hello World”。
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root@demohost:~/web-app# PORT=8080 go run main.go
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下一步是将上面的应用容器化。因此我们会创建一个 dockerfile 文件，它会告诉 docker 如何容器化我们的 web 应用。
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root@demohost:~/web-app# vim.tiny Dockerfile
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# 得到最新的golang docker 镜像
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FROM golang:latest
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# 在容器内部创建一个目录来存储我们的 web 应用，接着使它称为工作目录。
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RUN mkdir -p /go/src/web-app
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WORKDIR /go/src/web-app
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# 复制 web 目录到容器中
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COPY . /go/src/web-app
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# 下载并安装第三方依赖到容器中
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RUN go-wrapper download
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RUN go-wrapper install
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# 设置 PORT 环境变量
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ENV PORT 8080
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# 给主机暴露 8080 端口，这样外部网络可以访问你的应用
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EXPOSE 8080
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# 告诉 Docker 启动容器运行的命令
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CMD ["go-wrapper", "run"]
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### 构建/运行容器
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使用下面的命令构建你的 Go web 应用，你会在成功构建后获得确认。
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root@demohost:~/web-app# docker build --rm -t web-app .
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Sending build context to Docker daemon 3.584 kB
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Step 1 : FROM golang:latest
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latest: Pulling from library/golang
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386a066cd84a: Already exists
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75ea84187083: Pull complete
|
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88b459c9f665: Pull complete
|
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a31e17eb9485: Pull complete
|
||||
1b272d7ab8a4: Pull complete
|
||||
eca636a985c1: Pull complete
|
||||
08158782d330: Pull complete
|
||||
Digest: sha256:02718aef869a8b00d4a36883c82782b47fc01e774d0ac1afd434934d8ccfee8c
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Status: Downloaded newer image for golang:latest
|
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---> 9752d71739d2
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Step 2 : RUN mkdir -p /go/src/web-app
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---> Running in 9aef92fff9e8
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---> 49936ff4f50c
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Removing intermediate container 9aef92fff9e8
|
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Step 3 : WORKDIR /go/src/web-app
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---> Running in 58440a93534c
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---> 0703574296dd
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Removing intermediate container 58440a93534c
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Step 4 : COPY . /go/src/web-app
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---> 82be55bc8e9f
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Removing intermediate container cae309ac7757
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Step 5 : RUN go-wrapper download
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---> Running in 6168e4e96ab1
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+ exec go get -v -d
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---> 59664b190fee
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Removing intermediate container 6168e4e96ab1
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||||
Step 6 : RUN go-wrapper install
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---> Running in e56f093b6f03
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+ exec go install -v
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web-app
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---> 584cd410fdcd
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Removing intermediate container e56f093b6f03
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||||
Step 7 : ENV PORT 8080
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---> Running in 298e2a415819
|
||||
---> c87fd2b43977
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||||
Removing intermediate container 298e2a415819
|
||||
Step 8 : EXPOSE 8080
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---> Running in 4f639a3790a7
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---> 291167229d6f
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Removing intermediate container 4f639a3790a7
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||||
Step 9 : CMD go-wrapper run
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||||
---> Running in 6cb6bc28e406
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||||
---> b32ca91bdfe0
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||||
Removing intermediate container 6cb6bc28e406
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||||
Successfully built b32ca91bdfe0
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||||
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现在可以运行我们的 Go 应用了，可以执行下面的命令。
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||||
root@demohost:~/web-app# docker run -p 8080:8080 --name="test" -d web-app
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||||
7644606b9af28a3ef1befd926f216f3058f500ffad44522c1d4756c576cfa85b
|
||||
|
||||
进入 http://localhost:8080/World 浏览你的 web 应用。你已经成功容器化了一个可重复的/确定性的容器化 Go web 应用。使用下面的命令来启动、停止并检查容器的状态。
|
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|
||||
列出所有容器
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root@demohost:~/ docker ps -a
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||||
|
||||
使用 id 启动容器
|
||||
root@demohost:~/ docker start CONTAINER_ID_OF_WEB_APP
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||||
|
||||
使用 id 停止容器
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||||
root@demohost:~/ docker stop CONTAINER_ID_OF_WEB_APP
|
||||
|
||||
### 重新构建镜像
|
||||
|
||||
假设你正在开发 web 应用程序并在更改代码。现在要在更新代码后查看结果，你需要重新生成 docker 镜像、停止旧镜像并运行新镜像，并且每次更改代码时都会继续。为了使这个过程自动化，我们将使用 docker 卷在主机和容器之间共享一个目录。这意味着你不必重新构建镜像以在容器内进行更改。容器如何检测你是否对 web 程序的源码进行了更改？答案是有一个名为 “Gin” 的好工具[https://github.com/codegangsta/gin][1]，它能检测是否对源码进行了任何更改、重建镜像/二进制文件并在容器内运行更新过代码的进程。
|
||||
|
||||
要使这个过程自动化，我们将编辑 Dockerfile 并安装 Gin 将其作为 entry 命令执行。我们将开放 3030 端口（Gin代理），而不是 8080。 Gin 代理将转发流量到 8080 端口的 web 程序。
|
||||
|
||||
root@demohost:~/web-app# vim.tiny Dockerfile
|
||||
|
||||
# 得到最新的 golang docker 镜像
|
||||
FROM golang:latest
|
||||
|
||||
# 在容器内部创建一个目录来存储我们的 web 应用，接着使它称为工作目录。
|
||||
RUN mkdir -p /go/src/web-app
|
||||
WORKDIR /go/src/web-app
|
||||
|
||||
# 复制 web 程序到容器中
|
||||
COPY . /go/src/web-app
|
||||
|
||||
# 下载并安装第三方依赖到容器中
|
||||
RUN go get github.com/codegangsta/gin
|
||||
RUN go-wrapper download
|
||||
RUN go-wrapper install
|
||||
|
||||
# 设置 PORT 环境变量
|
||||
ENV PORT 8080
|
||||
|
||||
# 给主机暴露 8080 端口，这样外部网络可以访问你的应用
|
||||
EXPOSE 3030
|
||||
|
||||
# 启动容器时运行 Gin
|
||||
CMD gin run
|
||||
|
||||
# 告诉 Docker 启动容器运行的命令
|
||||
CMD ["go-wrapper", "run"]
|
||||
|
||||
现在构建镜像并启动容器：
|
||||
|
||||
root@demohost:~/web-app# docker build --rm -t web-app .
|
||||
|
||||
我们会在当前 web 程序的根目录下运行 docker 并通过暴露的 3030 端口链接 CWD 到容器中的应用目录下。
|
||||
|
||||
root@demohost:~/web-app# docker run -p 3030:3030 -v `pwd`:/go/src/web-app --name="test" -d web-app
|
||||
|
||||
打开 http://localhost:3030/World， 你就能看到你的 web 程序了。现在如果你改变了任何代码，它会在刷新后反应在你的浏览器中。
|
||||
|
||||
### 总结
|
||||
|
||||
就是这样，我们的 Go web 应用已经运行在 Ubuntu 16.04 Docker 容器中运行了！你可以通过使用 Go 框架来快速开发 API、网络应用和后端服务，从而扩展当前的网络应用。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://linoxide.com/containers/setup-go-docker-deploy-application/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Dwijadas Dey][a]
|
||||
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://linoxide.com/author/dwijadasd/
|
||||
[1]:https://github.com/codegangsta/gin
|
||||
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Block a user