Merge pull request #27457 from lkxed/20221006-Upgrade-Various-Kinds-of-Packages-in-Linux-at-Once-With-Topgrade

[手动选题][tech]: 20221006 Upgrade Various Kinds of Packages in Linux at Once With Topgrade.md

sources/tech/20221006 Upgrade Various Kinds of Packages in Linux at Once With Topgrade.md

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+[#]: subject: "Upgrade Various Kinds of Packages in Linux at Once With Topgrade"
+[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/topgrade/"
+[#]: author: "Sagar Sharma https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/"
+[#]: collector: "lkxed"
+[#]: translator: " "
+[#]: reviewer: " "
+[#]: publisher: " "
+[#]: url: " "
+
+Upgrade Various Kinds of Packages in Linux at Once With Topgrade
+======
+Updating a Linux system is not that complicated, is it? After all, to update Ubuntu like distros, you just have to use apt update && apt upgrade.
+
+That would have been the case if all the packages had been installed through a single package manager.
+
+But that’s not the case anymore. You have the classic apt/dnf/pacman and then come snap, flatpak, appimages. It doesn’t end here. You may also install applications using PIP (for Python) and Cargo (for Rust).
+
+Use node? The npm packages need to be updated separately. Oh My Zsh? Needs to be updated separately. [Plugins in Vim][1], Atom etc may also not be covered by apt/dnf/pacman.
+
+Do you see the problem now? And this is the kind of problem a new tool called topgrade aims to solve.
+
+### Topgrade: A single utility to take care of all kinds of updates
+
+This [topgrade][2] is a CLI utility and it detects which tools you use and then runs the appropriate commands to update them.
+
+![topgrade disable system][3]
+
+Apart from the usual Linux package managers, it can detect and update brew, cargo, PIP, pihole, Vim and Emacs plugins, R packages etc. You can see the list of supported packages on [its wiki page][4].
+
+##### Key Features of Topgrade:
+
+* Ability to update packages from different package managers, including firmware!
+* You do have control over how you want to update packages.
+* Extremely customizable.
+* Ability to have an overview even before updating packages.
+
+So without wasting any time, let’s jump to the installation.
+
+### Install Topgrade in Linux using Cargo
+
+The installation process is quite straightforward as I’m going to use the cargo package manager.
+
+We already have a [detailed guide with multiple methods for setting up a cargo package manager][5] So I’m going to make it quick by using Ubuntu in my example.
+
+So let’s start with some dependencies and installation of cargo in the least extensive way:
+
+```
+sudo apt install cargo libssl-dev pkg-config
+```
+
+Once the cargo has been installed, utilize the given command to install topgrade:
+
+```
+cargo install topgrade
+```
+
+And it will throw a warning as given:
+
+![cargo error][6]
+
+Where you just have to add the path of cargo to run binaries. This can be done through given command where you’ve to change `sagar` with your username:
+
+```
+echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/home/sagar/.cargo/bin' >> /home/sagar/.bashrc
+```
+
+Now, reboot your system and topgrade is ready to use. But wait, we need to install another package that will update cargo to get the most recent packages.
+
+```
+cargo install cargo-update
+```
+
+And we’re done with installation.
+
+### Using Topgrade
+
+Using topgrade is extremely easy. Use a single command and that’s it:
+
+```
+topgrade
+```
+
+![][7]
+
+But this won’t give you any control apart from system packages but as I mentioned, you can blacklist the repo that you don’t want to get updated.
+
+#### Exclude package managers and repositories from Topgrade
+
+Let’s suppose I want to exclude snaps and packages downloaded from the default package manager, so my command would be:
+
+```
+topgrade --disable snap system
+```
+
+![topgrade disable snap system][8]
+
+For making a permanent change, you’d have to make a few changes in its config file which can be accessed through the given command:
+
+```
+topgrade --edit-config
+```
+
+For this example, I discluded snaps and default system repo:
+
+![configuring topgrade][9]
+
+#### Dry run topgrade
+
+Having an estimation of outdated packages that will be updated is always a good idea and I find this most useful option from the entire catalog of topgrade.
+
+You just have to use topgrade with `-n` option and it will generate a summary of outdated packages.
+
+```
+topgrade -n
+```
+
+![summery of topgrade][10]
+
+A neat way of checking packages that need to be updated.
+
+### Final Words
+
+After using Topgrade for a few weeks, it became an integral part of my Linux arsenal. Like most other Linux users, I was only updating packages through my default package manager. Python and Rust packages were ignored completely. Thanks to topgrade, my system is updated completely now.
+
+I understand that this is not a tool everyone would want to use. What about you? Willing to give it a try?
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: https://itsfoss.com/topgrade/
+
+作者：[Sagar Sharma][a]
+选题：[lkxed][b]
+译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
+校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/
+[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
+[1]: https://linuxhandbook.com/install-vim-plugins/
+[2]: https://github.com/r-darwish/topgrade
+[3]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/topgrade-disable-system.png
+[4]: https://github.com/r-darwish/topgrade/wiki/Step-list
+[5]: https://itsfoss.com/install-rust-cargo-ubuntu-linux/
+[6]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/cargo-error.png
+[7]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/topgrade.mp4
+[8]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/topgrade-disable-snap-system.png
+[9]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/configuring-topgrade-1.png
+[10]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/summery-of-topgrade.png