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[Translated] 20150515 Install 'Tails 1.4′ Linux Operating System to Preserve Privacy and Anonymity.md
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Install ‘Tails 1.4′ Linux Operating System to Preserve Privacy and Anonymity
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================================================================================
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In this Internet world and the world of Internet we perform most of our task online be it Ticket booking, Money transfer, Studies, Business, Entertainment, Social Networking and what not. We spend a major part of our time online daily. It has been getting hard to remain anonymous with each passing day specially when backdoors are being planted by organizations like NSA (National Security Agency) who are putting their nose in between every thing that we come across online. We have least or no privacy online. All the searches are logged upon the basis of user Internet surfing activity and machine activity.
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A wonderful browser from Tor project is used by millions which help us surfing the web anonymously however it is not difficult to trace your browsing habits and hence tor alone is not the guarantee of your safety online. You may like to check Tor features and installation instructions here:
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- [Anonymous Web Browsing using Tor][1]
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There is a operating system named Tails by Tor Projects. Tails (The Amnesic Incognito Live System) is a live operating system, based on Debian Linux distribution, which mainly focused on preserving privacy and anonymity on the web while browsing internet, means all it’s outgoing connection are forced to pass through the Tor and direct (non-anonymous) requests are blocked. The system is designed to run from any boot-able media be it USB stick or DVD.
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The latest stable release of Tails OS is 1.4 which was released on May 12, 2015. Powered by open source Monolithic Linux Kernel and built on top of Debian GNU/Linux Tails aims at Personal Computer Market and includes GNOME 3 as default user Interface.
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#### Features of Tails OS 1.4 ####
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- Tails is a free operating system, free as in beer and free as in speech.
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- Built on top of Debian/GNU Linux. The most widely used OS that is Universal.
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- Security Focused Distribution.
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- Windows 8 camouflage.
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- Need not to be installed and browse Internet anonymously using Live Tails CD/DVD.
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- Leave no trace on the computer, while tails is running.
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- Advanced cryptographic tools used to encrypt everything that concerns viz., files, emails, etc.
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- Sends and Receive traffic through tor network.
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- In true sense it provides privacy for anyone, anywhere.
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- Comes with several applications ready to be used from Live Environment.
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- All the softwares comes per-configured to connect to INTERNET only through Tor network.
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- Any application that tries to connect to Internet without Tor Network is blocked, automatically.
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- Restricts someone who is watching what sites you visit and restricts sites to learn your geographical location.
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- Connect to websites that are blocked and/or censored.
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- Designed specially not to use space used by parent OS even when there is free swap space.
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- The whole OS loads on RAM and is flushed when we reboot/shutdown. Hence no trace of running.
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- Advanced security implementation by encrypting USB disk, HTTPS ans Encrypt and sign emails and documents.
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#### What can you expect in Tails 1.4 ####
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- Tor Browser 4.5 with a security Slider.
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- Tor Upgraded to version 0.2.6.7.
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- Several Security holes fixed.
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- Many of the bug fixed and patches applied to Applications like curl, OpenJDK 7, tor Network, openldap, etc.
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To get a complete list of change logs you may visit [HERE][2]
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**Note**: It is strongly recommended to upgrade to Tails 1.4, if you’re using any older version of Tails.
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#### Why should I use Tails Operating System ####
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You need Tails because you need:
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- Freedom from network surveillance
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- Defend freedom, privacy and confidentiality
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- Security aka traffic analysis
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This tutorial will walk through the installation of Tails 1.4 OS with a short review.
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### Tails 1.4 Installation Guide ###
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1. To download the latest Tails OS 1.4, you may use wget command to download directly.
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$ wget http://dl.amnesia.boum.org/tails/stable/tails-i386-1.4/tails-i386-1.4.iso
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Alternatively you may download Tails 1.4 Direct ISO image or use a Torrent Client to pull the iso image file for you. Here is the link to both downloads:
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- [tails-i386-1.4.iso][3]
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- [tails-i386-1.4.torrent][4]
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2. After downloading, verify ISO Integrity by matching SHA256 checksum with the SHA256SUM provided on the official website..
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$ sha256sum tails-i386-1.4.iso
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339c8712768c831e59c4b1523002b83ccb98a4fe62f6a221fee3a15e779ca65d
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If you are interested in knowing OpenPGP, checking Tails signing key against Debian keyring and anything related to Tails cryptographic signature, you may like to point your browser [HERE][5].
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3. Next you need to write the image to USB stick or DVD ROM. You may like to check the article, [How to Create Live Bootable USB][6] for details on how to make a flash drive bootable and write ISO to it.
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4. Insert the Tails OS Bootable flash drive or DVD ROM in the disk and boot from it (select from BIOS to boot). The first screen – two options to select from ‘Live‘ and ‘Live (failsafe)‘. Select ‘Live‘ and press Enter.
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Tails Boot Menu
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5. Just before login. You have two options. Click ‘More Options‘ if you want to configure and set advanced options else click ‘No‘.
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Tails Welcome Screen
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6. After clicking Advanced option, you need to setup root password. This is important if you want to upgrade it. This root password is valid till you shutdown/reboot the machine.
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Also you may enable Windows Camouflage, if you want to run this OS on a public place, so that it seems as you are running Windows 8 operating system. Good option indeed! Is not it? Also you have a option to configure Network and Mac Address. Click ‘Login‘ when done!.
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Tails OS Configuration
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7. This is Tails GNU/Linux OS camouflaged by Windows Skin.
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Tails Windows Look
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8. It will start Tor Network in the background. Check the Notification on the top-right corner of the screen – Tor is Ready / You are now connected to the Internet.
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Also check what it contains under Internet Menu. Notice – It has Tor Browser (safe) and Unsafe Web Browser (Where incoming and outgoing data don’t pass through TOR Network) along with other applications.
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Tails Menu and Tools
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9. Click Tor and check your IP Address. It confirms my physical location is not shared and my privacy is intact.
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Check Privacy on Tails
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10. You may Invoke Tails Installer to clone & Install, Clone & Upgrade and Upgrade from ISO.
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Tails Installer Options
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11. The other option was to select Tor without any advanced option, just before login (Check step #5 above).
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Tails Without Advance Option
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12. You will get log-in to Gnome3 Desktop Environment.
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Tails Gnome Desktop
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13. If you click to Launch Unsafe browser in Camouflage or without Camouflage, you will be notified.
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Tails Browsing Notification
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If you do, this is what you get in a Browser.
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Tails Browsing Alert
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#### Is Tails for me? ####
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To get the above question answered, first answer a few question.
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- Do you need your privacy to be intact while you are online?
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- Do you want to remain hidden from Identity thieves?
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- Do you want somebody to put your nose in between your private chat online?
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- Do you really want to show your geographical location to anybody there?
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- Do you carry out banking transactions online?
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- Are you happy with the censorship by government and ISP?
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If the answer to any of the above question is ‘YES‘ you preferably need Tails. If answer to all the above question is ‘NO‘ you perhaps don’t need it.
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To know more about Tails? Point your browser to user Documentation : [https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html][7]
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### Conclusion ###
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Tails is an OS which is must for those who work in an unsafe environment. An OS focused on security yet contains bundles of Application – Gnome Desktop, Tor, Firefox (Iceweasel), Network Manager, Pidgin, Claws mail, Liferea feed addregator, Gobby, Aircrack-ng, I2P.
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It also contain several tools for Encryption and Privacy Under the Hood, viz., LUKS, GNUPG, PWGen, Shamir’s Secret Sharing, Virtual Keyboard (against Hardware Keylogging), MAT, KeePassX Password Manager, etc.
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That’s all for now. Keep Connected to Tecmint. Share your thoughts on Tails GNU/Linux Operating System. What do you think about the future of the Project? Also test it Locally and let us know your experience.
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You may run it in [Virtualbox][8] as well. Remember Tails loads the whole OS in RAM hence give enough RAM to run Tails in VM.
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I tested in 1GB Environment and it worked without lagging. Thanks to all our readers for their Support. In making Tecmint a one place for all Linux related stuffs your co-operation is needed. Kudos!
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.tecmint.com/install-tails-1-4-linux-operating-system-to-preserve-privacy-and-anonymity/
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作者：[Avishek Kumar][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/avishek/
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[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/tor-browser-for-anonymous-web-browsing/
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[2]:https://tails.boum.org/news/version_1.4/index.en.html
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[3]:http://dl.amnesia.boum.org/tails/stable/tails-i386-1.4/tails-i386-1.4.iso
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[4]:https://tails.boum.org/torrents/files/tails-i386-1.4.torrent
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[5]:https://tails.boum.org/download/index.en.html#verify
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[6]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-linux-from-usb-device/
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[7]:https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html
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[8]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-virtualbox-on-redhat-centos-fedora/
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@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
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安装 Tails 1.4 Linux 操作系统来保护隐私和保持匿名
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================================================================================
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在这个互联网世界和互联网的世界中，我们在线执行我们的大多数任务，无论是订票，汇款，研究，商务，娱乐，社交网络，还是其他。每天我们花费大部分时间在网络上。在每个逝去的日子里，在网络中保持匿名变得越来越难，尤其是在被某些机构例如 NSA (National Security Agency，国安局) 植入后门的情况下，这些机构嗅探着我们在网络中的所有动作。在网络中，我们有着极少，或者说根本就没有隐私。基于用户浏览网络的活动和机器的活动的搜索都被记录了下来。
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一个来自于 Tor 项目的绝妙浏览器正被上百万人使用，它帮助我们匿名地浏览网络，即使这样，跟踪你的浏览习惯也并不难，所以只使用 Tor 并不能保证你的网络安全。你可以从下面的链接中查看 Tor 的特点及安装指南。
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- [使用 Tor 来进行匿名网络浏览][1]
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Tor 项目中有一个名为 Tails 的操作系统。Tails (The Amnesic Incognito Live System) 是一个 live 操作系统，基于 Debian Linux 发行版本，主要着眼于在浏览网络时在网络中保护隐私和匿名，这意味着所有的外向连接都强制通过 Tor 来连接，直接的(非匿名的) 连接请求都会被阻挡。该系统被设计为可在任何可启动介质上运行，例如 USB 或 DVD。
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Tails OS 的最新稳定发行版本为 1.4 ， 于 2015 年 5 月 12 日发行。Tails 由开源单片 Linux 内核支持，构建在 Debian GNU/Linux 之上，着眼于个人电脑市场， 使用 GNOME 3 作为其默认的用户界面。
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#### Tails OS 1.4 的特点 ####
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- Tails 是一个 free 的操作系统, free 的意义正如 免费(free)啤酒和言论自由(free) 中的 free
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- 构建在 Debian/GNU Linux 操作系统之上， Debian 是使用最广泛的通用操作系统
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- 着眼于安全的发行版本
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- 有 Windows 8 外观作为其伪装
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- 不必安装就可以使用 Live Tails CD/DVD 来匿名浏览网络
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- 当 Tails 运行时，不留下任何痕迹
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- 使用先进的加密工具来加密任何相关文件，邮件等内容
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- 通过 Tor 网络来发送和接收流量
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- 在真正意义上为任何人在任何地方保护隐私
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- 在 Live 环境中带有一些可用的应用
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- 系统自带的所有软件都预先配置好只通过 Tor 网络来连接到互联网
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- 任何不通过 Tor 网络而尝试连接网络的应用都将被自动阻拦。
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- 限制那些想查看你正在浏览什么网站的人的行动，并限制网站获取你的地理位置
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- 连接到那些被墙或被审查的网站
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- 特别设计不使用主操作系统的空间，即使在 swap 空间还有空余的情况下
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- 整个操作系统加载在 RAM 中，在每次重启或关机后会自动擦除掉，所以不会留下任何运行的痕迹。
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- 先进的安全实现，通过加密 USB 磁盘， HTTPS 应答加密和对邮件，文档进行签名。
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#### 在 Tails 1.4 中可期待的东西 ####
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- 带有安全滑块的 Tor 浏览器 4.5
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- Tor 被升级到版本 0.2.6.7
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- 修补了几个安全漏洞
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- 针对诸如 curl, OpenJDK 7, tor Network, openldap 等应用， 许多漏洞被修复并打上了补丁
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要得到完整的更改记录，你需要访问 [这里][2]
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**注意**: 假如你使用 Tails 的任何旧版本，强烈建议升级到 Tails 1.4 。
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#### 为什么我应该使用 Tails 操作系统 ####
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你需要 Tails 因为你想:
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- 在网络监控下保持自由
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- 捍卫自由，隐私和秘密
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- 流量分析下保持安全
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这个教程将带你了解 Tails 1.4 操作系统的安装并给出一个简短的评论。
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### Tails 1.4 安装指南 ###
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1. 为了下载最新的 Tails OS 1.4，你可以使用 wget 命令来直接下载它
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$ wget http://dl.amnesia.boum.org/tails/stable/tails-i386-1.4/tails-i386-1.4.iso
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或者你可以直接下载 Tails 1.4 的 ISO 镜像文件，或使用一个 Torrent 客户端来为你获取 ISO 镜像文件：
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- [tails-i386-1.4.iso][3]
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- [tails-i386-1.4.torrent][4]
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2. 下载后，可使用 SHA256SUM 来获取 ISO 文件的哈希值并与官方提供的值相比较，以核实 ISO 文件的完整性
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$ sha256sum tails-i386-1.4.iso
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339c8712768c831e59c4b1523002b83ccb98a4fe62f6a221fee3a15e779ca65d
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假如你熟悉 OpenPGP ，将 Tails 的签名密钥与 Debian 的 keyring 相比较以验证其签名，若想了解任何有关 Tails 的加密签名，请将浏览器指向 [这里][5]
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3. 下一步，你需要将镜像写入 USB 或 DVD ROM 中。或许你需要看看这篇文章 [如何创建一个 Live 可启动的 USB][6] 以了解如何使得一个闪存驱动器变得可启动并向它写入 ISO 镜像文件。
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4. 插入 Tails OS 可启动闪存驱动器或 DVD ROM，并从那里启动 (在 BIOS 中选择该介质来启动)。第一个屏幕中会有两个选项 'Live' 和 'Live (failsafe)' 让你选择。选择 'Live' 并确定。
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Tails 启动菜单
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5. 在登录之前，你有两个选项， 假如你想配置并设定高级选项，点击 '更多选项' 否则点击 'NO'。
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Tails 欢迎界面
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6. 在点击高级选项后，你需要设置 root 密码。假如你想升级它，这是非常重要的。这个 root 密码将会一直有效，知道你关机或重启。
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另外，若你想开启 Windows 伪装，假如你想在一个公共场所运行这个操作系统，这将使得看起来你正在运行 Windows 8 操作系统。这真是一个好的选项！不是吗？另外，你还有一个选项来配置 网络和 Mac 地址，当一切准备完毕后，点击 '登录' ！
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Tails OS 的配置
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7. 这是使用 Windows 皮肤伪装的 Tails GNU/Linux OS：
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Tails 的 Windows 伪装
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8. 系统将在后台启动 Tor 网络。在屏幕的右上角查看通知 – Tor 已经准备好了 或现在你已经连接上了互联网。
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你也可以在 Internet 菜单下查看它包含了哪些东西。 注意 – 它包含有 Tor 浏览器(安全的) 和 不安全的网络浏览器(其中的向内和向外数据不通过 Tor 网络) 和其他应用。
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Tails 菜单和工具
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9. 点击 Tor 并检查你的 IP 地址。 它确认我的物理位置没有被分享以及我的隐私未被触动。
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在 Tails 上检查隐私
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10. 你还可以激活 Tails 安装器来从 ISO 镜像文件中 克隆和安装， 克隆和升级以及升级系统。
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Tails 安装器选项
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11. 其他选项为选择 Tor 不带有高级选项，就在登录之前。(查看上面的第 5 步).
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||||
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Tails 未带有高级选项
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12. 你将登录到 Gnome3 桌面环境。
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Tails Gnome 桌面
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13. 假如你点击启动不安全的浏览器，无论在带有伪装，还是没有带有伪装的情况下，你都将会收到弹窗通知。
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Tails 浏览通知
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假如你仍启动不安全的浏览器，你将在浏览器中看到如下网页：
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Tails 浏览警告
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||||
#### Tails 适合我吗？####
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||||
|
||||
要想得到上面问题的答案，首先回答如下的问题：
|
||||
|
||||
- 在上网时，你想你的隐私未被触动吗？
|
||||
- 你想在身份信息窃取者的眼皮底下保持隐身吗？
|
||||
- 你想在你的网上私人聊天过程中被他人嗅探吗？
|
||||
- 你真的想向任何人展示你的地理位置吗？
|
||||
- 你开展银行网上交易吗？
|
||||
- 你愿意受政府和 ISP(注:网络提供商) 的审查吗？
|
||||
|
||||
假如以上问题中，任意一个问题的答案为 'YES'，则你最好需要 Tails。假如上面所有的问题的答案都是 'NO'，则或许你不需要它。
|
||||
|
||||
想对 Tails 了解更多？请将你的浏览器指向它的用户文档页面：
|
||||
|
||||
文档: [https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html][7]
|
||||
|
||||
### 总结 ###
|
||||
|
||||
对于那些工作在不安全环境中的人来说，Tails 是一个必需的操作系统。Tails 还是一个着眼于安全的操作系统，现在为止，包含一大批应用 – Gnome 桌面, Tor, Firefox (Iceweasel), Network Manager, Pidgin, Claws mail, Liferea feed addregator, Gobby, Aircrack-ng, I2P。
|
||||
|
||||
同时，它含有一些有关加密和隐私的工具，即 UKS, GNUPG, PWGen, Shamir’s Secret Sharing, Virtual Keyboard (against Hardware Keylogging), MAT, KeePassX Password Manager 等。
|
||||
|
||||
这就是全部了。关注 Tecmint。请分享你的有关 Tails GNU/Linux 操作系统的想法。对于这个项目的未来，你怎么看？同时在实际中测试它，并让我们获知你的体验感受。
|
||||
|
||||
你也可以在 [Virtualbox][8] 中运行它。 Tails 在 RAM 中加载整个操作系统，所以在 VM 中你需要给定足够的 RAM 来运行 Tails。
|
||||
|
||||
我在 1GB 的环境中测试了 Tails，它工作起来毫无滞后感。谢谢我们的所有用户的支持。使 Tecmint 成为一个包含所有 Linux 相关信息的地方，你的合作是必需的。 Kudos！
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.tecmint.com/install-tails-1-4-linux-operating-system-to-preserve-privacy-and-anonymity/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Avishek Kumar][a]
|
||||
译者：[FSSlc](https://github.com/FSSlc)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/avishek/
|
||||
[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/tor-browser-for-anonymous-web-browsing/
|
||||
[2]:https://tails.boum.org/news/version_1.4/index.en.html
|
||||
[3]:http://dl.amnesia.boum.org/tails/stable/tails-i386-1.4/tails-i386-1.4.iso
|
||||
[4]:https://tails.boum.org/torrents/files/tails-i386-1.4.torrent
|
||||
[5]:https://tails.boum.org/download/index.en.html#verify
|
||||
[6]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-linux-from-usb-device/
|
||||
[7]:https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html
|
||||
[8]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-virtualbox-on-redhat-centos-fedora/
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user