20131112-1 选题

sources/How to Install the Latest NVIDIA 331.20 Driver in Ubuntu 13.10.md

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+How to Install the Latest NVIDIA 331.20 Driver in Ubuntu 13.10
+================================================================================
+**The installation of new NVIDIA drivers can be a problem sometimes, especially if you are not accustomed with the way things usually work on a Linux operating system.**
+
+![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/How-to-Install-the-Latest-NVIDIA-331-20-Drivers-in-Ubuntu-13-10-399182-2.jpg)
+
+This is where this tutorial will come in handy, to help regular users benefit from the most recent NVIDIA drivers, 331.20.
+
+There are just a couple of ways of installing the NVIDIA driver on an Ubuntu system, the easy way and the hard way. The easy way is also the most straightforward, but it requires a working internet connection. This method will also introduce you into the beautiful world of PPAs.
+
+Ubuntu 13.10, just like its predecessors, benefits from a large repository, but Canonical developers don’t upload the most recent version of the driver for several considerations. The most important is that it they don’t risk uploading a piece of software that has yet to be proven stable.
+
+Fortunately, there is a PPA available that makes available the latest versions of the drivers, a day or two after the launch. Just enter the following command in a terminal (you will need root access):
+
+    sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
+    sudo apt-get update
+    sudo apt-get install nvidia-331
+
+If you already have an older version of the driver you will need to replace the last command with sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
+
+After the process has finished restart the computer and you’re set. The next time NVIDIA releases a new driver, you will only have to update the system, without adding the PPA.
+
+The second method is a little more complicated, but you don’t need an Internet connection (you will need to download the driver at some point, but you don’t need the connection during the installation). We will be using the 64-bit driver as an example.
+
+You will have to enter the virtual console with Ctrl + Alt + F1 and login into the system with the username and password. In here, you need to navigate to the location of your driver (for example Downloads) and enter the following commands
+
+    sudo service lightdm stop
+    sudo chmod a+x NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-331.20.run
+    sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-331.20.run
+    sudo reboot
+
+This is it. Whatever method you choose, enjoy the latest NVIDIA drivers.
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/How-to-Install-the-Latest-NVIDIA-331-20-Drivers-in-Ubuntu-13-10-399182.shtml
+
+译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
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sources/Making Linux More Accessible.md

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+Making Linux More Accessible
+================================================================================
+A startling fact is that there are in excess of a billion people who have some type of disability. That represents approximately 15% of the world's population with a physical, sensory or mental limitation that interferes with their ability to move, see, hear or learn. 350 million people in the world are partially sighted or blind. The faster computer technology evolves, the more excluded these individuals would become without development in computer software that seeks to address their needs.
+
+Accessibility is the degree to which products, devices, services, or environments are available to as many people as possible whatever their circumstances. Accessibility can be viewed as the ability to access and benefit from a system or entity. Accessibility is paramount. Social inclusion is not an act of charity but a fundamental human right.
+
+We have witnessed Linux software and distributions that have made strides to help make everyone socially inclusive. For example, the GNOME Accessibility Project develops open source accessibility solutions for graphical user interfaces. Ubuntu has an Accessibility Team that aims to make Ubuntu usable by a broad a spectrum of people as possible. Special mention should also go to the Vinux Project, which is a Ubuntu derived distribution optimised for the needs of blind and partially sighted users.
+
+There are also lots of individual software applications that offer different accessibility features. This article seeks to identify some of the finest open source software that is available that helps to enable individuals make full use of computer-based technology whatever their physical or sensory abilities.
+
+So let's explore the 8 universal access tools at hand. For each application we have compiled its own portal page, a full description with an in-depth analysis of its features, a screenshot, together with links to relevant resources and reviews. 
+
+### Universal Access ###
+
+- [Easystroke][1] Gesture recognition program
+- [Simon][2] 	Flexible speech recognition software
+- [Orca Screen Reader][3] 	Scriptable screen reader
+- [Julius][4] 	Two-pass large vocabulary continuous speech recognition engine
+- [Florence Virtual Keyboard][5] 	Extensible scalable virtual keyboard
+- [Caribou][6] 	Configurable on screen keyboard with scanning mode
+- [Dasher][7] 	Graphical predictive text input system
+- [xvkbd][8] 	Virtual (graphical) keyboard program
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: http://www.linuxlinks.com/article/20131109042823957/UniversalAccess.html
+
+译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[1]:http://sourceforge.net/apps/trac/easystroke/
+[2]:http://simon-listens.org/
+[3]:https://wiki.gnome.org/Orca
+[4]:http://julius.sourceforge.jp/
+[5]:http://florence.sourceforge.net/english.html
+[6]:https://wiki.gnome.org/Caribou
+[7]:http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/dasher/
+[8]:http://homepage3.nifty.com/tsato/xvkbd/

sources/Mark Shuttleworth Regrets the “Tea Party” Remarks and Other Canonical Mistakes.md

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+Mark Shuttleworth Regrets the “Tea Party” Remarks and Other Canonical Mistakes
+================================================================================
+**Mark Shuttleworth, the founder of Canonical, has clarified his “Tea Party” comments and apologized for this rather personal remark.**
+
+![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/Mark-Shuttleworth-Regrets-the-quot-Tea-Party-quot-Remarks-and-Other-Canonical-Mistakes-398819-2.jpg)
+
+It's not every day that we see Mark Shuttleworth apologizing two times in a row, and most likely this is the first time that it happened.
+
+[The first apology][1] came for the owner of fixubuntu.com, who was the recipient of a letter from the legal team of Canonical. Micah F. Lee, the guy behind the site, wrote an extensive blog post about these issues and the matter was discussed at length on a numerous forums and websites.
+
+Mark Shuttleworth first apologized to him on Google+, but he also wrote a more formal text on his personal blog, which is usually reserved for things of great importance.
+
+And since he was apologizing, he also took the time to say that he regretted [the “Tea Party”][2] comments that attracted a lot of heat towards Canonical, probably even more so than the original problems he was mad about.
+
+“On another, more personal note, I made a mistake myself when I used the label ‘open source tea party’ to refer to the vocal non-technical critics of work that Canonical does. That was unnecessary and quite possibly equally offensive to members of the real Tea Party (hi there!) and the people with vocal non-technical criticism of work that Canonical does (hello there!).”
+
+“There isn’t anything in what I said to suggest that I don’t welcome such technical feedback, but some assumed I was rejecting all feedback including technical commentary. I was not – I was talking about criticism of software which does not centre on the software itself, but rather on some combination of the motivations of the people who wrote it, or the particular free software license under which it is published, or the policies of the company, or the nationality of the company behind it,” said Mark Shuttleworth.
+
+This will hopefully end all the discussions on the matter and people will finally be able to work together on Mir, which is actually the source of this whole debacle.
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/Mark-Shuttleworth-Regrets-the-quot-Tea-Party-quot-Remarks-and-Other-Canonical-Mistakes-398819.shtml
+
+译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[1]:http://news.softpedia.com/news/Mark-Shuttleworth-Apologizes-for-the-Trademark-Infringement-Letter-Sent-to-Fixubuntu-com-398583.shtml
+[2]:http://news.softpedia.com/news/Mark-Shuttleworth-Says-That-Mir-Opponents-Have-Formed-the-Open-Source-Tea-Party-392793.shtml

sources/Red Hat prepares for 64-bit ARM servers.md

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+Red Hat prepares for 64-bit ARM servers
+================================================================================
+> ARM processors could lead to server racks with thousands of nodes, the Red Hat ARM chief predicts
+
+IDG News Service - Enterprise open-source software vendor Red Hat is keeping an eye on the development of 64-bit ARM processors for servers, building up expertise in case the nascent platform takes hold in the data center.
+
+"You don't see us in the market today with commercial offerings, but what we are building a competency ahead of some of the 64-bit technology that is coming. So further down the line, if we do have a need to respond to the market, we will have the capability to do that," said Jon Masters, chief ARM architect at Red Hat. Masters spoke Friday at the USENIX LISA (Large Installation System Administration) conference in Washington, D.C.
+
+The ARM processor represents a "sea change in computing," Masters said. While already the dominant architecture for smartphone and embedded computing devices, ARM processors could also play a role in the data center. Over the past year, servers based on ARM processors have started to show up in the server market. HP is already selling ARM-based servers with its Moonshot line.
+
+For the data center, because of its low-power design, ARM could bring about an age of hyperscale computing, in which thousands of tiny compute nodes can be packed into a single server rack. "It is a fundamental difference in terms of the sheer scale of what we will be able to build in the near future," Masters said.
+
+The ARM processors may not run at the speed of x86 processors, but they can offer most of the performance with a fraction of the energy usage, meaning more processors can be packed into a smaller space. "You can take the same technology that goes into your cell phone and make that part of a dense server design" Masters said.
+
+Many jobs do not require the fastest processors available, he said. Instead the workloads can be spread across more processors. "It's about how much data I can move, not necessarily how much compute I can do," he said. Cloud computing and Web applications, for instance, would do equally well spread out across multiple servers as they would running on fewer, but faster servers.
+
+ARM's design could also simplify data-center operations. ARM's system on a chip design can eliminate the need for managing many of the external components of servers. For instance, an ARM processor could offer fabric interconnectivity, reducing the need for external cables and top-of-the-rack switches.
+
+"The days of having discrete cabling for every single blade are numbered," he said.
+
+There is still a lot of work that needs to be done to bring about hyperscale computing, Masters said.
+
+ARM licenses its architecture rather than selling processors as Intel does. As a result, there is a fair amount of variation among the different ARM processors from vendors. "There is a lot of gratuitous variation that we don't need to have," Masters said. This can be problematic for data centers that need uniform systems so they can be managed en masse.
+
+[Linaro][1] is an industry group working to build core open-source software for the ARM platform and part of its mission has been to standardize ARM. Red Hat engineers play a major role in the Linaro Enterprise Group, or LEG, which has been working to standardize the software so users can get one version of Linux to run across ARM processors from multiple vendors. "Those are fundamental expectations in the enterprise space," Masters said.
+
+"We do need to focus on how to make them fundamentally compatible so you can add value further up the stack," he said.
+
+Another issue is the support of peripherals, which hasn't been standardized across 32-bit ARM processors. Masters said that LEG is looking into using the ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) standard or UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) for 64-bit ARM processors. Over time, ARM will offer an automated bus-like capability that will work like PCI buses offer on x86 machines.
+
+Masters said that Red Hat has not made any announcements about when it would release a version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux for ARM, but he did note that the Fedora Project, the community Linux distribution that tests many of the applications that go into RHEL, now offers a distribution for ARM.
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9243921/Red_Hat_prepares_for_64_bit_ARM_servers?taxonomyId=122
+
+译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[1]:http://www.linaro.org/