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+[#]: subject: "How to package your Python code"
+[#]: via: "https://opensource.com/article/21/11/packaging-python-setuptools"
+[#]: author: "Seth Kenlon https://opensource.com/users/seth"
+[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
+[#]: translator: " "
+[#]: reviewer: " "
+[#]: publisher: " "
+[#]: url: " "
+
+How to package your Python code
+======
+Use setuptools to deliver Python code to users.
+![Python programming language logo with question marks][1]
+
+You've spent weeks perfecting your code. You've tested it and sent it to some close developer friends for quality assurance. You've posted all the source code on [your personal Git server][2], and you've received helpful bug reports from a few brave early adopters. And now you're ready to make your Python code available to the world.
+
+And that's when it hits you. You have no idea how to deliver the product.
+
+Delivering code to its target is a big deal. It's a whole branch of software development, it's the "D" in CI/CD, and yet many people forget all about, at least until the end. I've written articles about [Autotools][3] and [Cmake][4], but some languages have their own methods to help you make your code readily available to users. For Python, a common way to deliver code to users is with `setuptools`.
+
+### Install setuptools
+
+The easiest way to install and update `setuptools` is with `pip`:
+
+
+```
+`$ sudo python -m pip install --upgrade setuptools`
+```
+
+### Example library
+
+Create a simple Python library called `myhellolib` for some example code in need of packaging. This library accepts a string and then prints the string in capital letters.
+It's two lines of code, but project structure is important, so first create the directory tree:
+
+
+```
+`$ mkdir -p myhellolib.git/myhellolib`
+```
+
+To confirm that this project is an importable library (a Python "module"), create the empty file `__init__.py` in the code directory, along with the file that contains the code:
+
+
+```
+
+
+$ touch myhellolib.git/myhellolib/__init__.py
+$ touch myhellolib.git/myhellolib/myhellolib.py
+
+```
+
+In the `myhellolib.py` file, enter this simple Python code:
+
+
+```
+
+
+def greeter(s):
+    print(s.upper())
+
+```
+
+That's the library written.
+
+### Test it
+
+Before packaging it up, test your library. Create a `myhellolib.git/test.py` file and enter this code:
+
+
+```
+
+
+import myhellolib.myhellolib as hello
+
+hello.greeter("Hello Opensource.com.")
+
+```
+
+Run the script:
+
+
+```
+
+
+$ cd myhellolib.git
+$ python ./test.py
+HELLO OPENSOURCE.COM
+
+```
+
+It works, so now you can package it up.
+
+### Setuptools
+
+To package a project with `setuptools`, you must create a `.toml` file identifying `setuptools` as the build system. Place this text in a file called `myhellolib.toml` in your project directory:
+
+
+```
+
+
+[build-system]
+requires = ["setuptools", "wheel"]
+build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
+
+```
+
+Next, create a file called `setup.py`, containing metadata about your project:
+
+
+```
+
+
+from setuptools import setup
+
+setup(
+    name='myhellolib',
+    version='0.0.1',
+    packages=['myhellolib'],
+    install_requires=[
+        'requests',
+        'importlib; python_version == "3.8"',
+    ],
+)
+
+```
+
+Believe it or not, that's all the setup `setuptools` requires. Your project is ready for packaging.
+
+### Packaging Python
+
+To create your Python package, you need a builder. A common tool is `build`, which you can install with `pip`:
+
+
+```
+`$ python -m pip install build --user`
+```
+
+Build your project:
+
+
+```
+`$ python -m build`
+```
+
+After a few moments, the build completes, and there's a new directory in your project folder called `dist`. This folder contains a `.tar.gz` and a `.whl` file.
+Your very first Python package! Here's what each one contains:
+
+
+```
+
+
+$ tar --list --file dist/myhellolib-0.0.1.tar.gz
+myhellolib-0.0.1/
+myhellolib-0.0.1/PKG-INFO
+myhellolib-0.0.1/myhellolib/
+myhellolib-0.0.1/myhellolib/__init__.py
+myhellolib-0.0.1/myhellolib/myhellolib.py
+myhellolib-0.0.1/myhellolib.egg-info/
+myhellolib-0.0.1/myhellolib.egg-info/PKG-INFO
+myhellolib-0.0.1/myhellolib.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
+myhellolib-0.0.1/myhellolib.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
+myhellolib-0.0.1/myhellolib.egg-info/requires.txt
+myhellolib-0.0.1/myhellolib.egg-info/top_level.txt
+myhellolib-0.0.1/setup.cfg
+myhellolib-0.0.1/setup.py
+
+$ unzip -l dist/myhellolib-0.0.1-py3-none-any.whl 
+Archive:  dist/myhellolib-0.0.1-py3-none-any.whl
+Name
+\----
+myhellolib/__init__.py
+myhellolib/myhellolib.py
+myhellolib-0.0.1.dist-info/METADATA
+myhellolib-0.0.1.dist-info/WHEEL
+myhellolib-0.0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt
+myhellolib-0.0.1.dist-info/RECORD
+\-------
+6 files
+
+```
+
+### Making it available
+
+Now that you know how easy it is to package up your Python package, you can either automate the process using Git hooks, GitLab webhooks, Jenkins, or a similar automation tool. You can even upload your project to PyPi, the popular repository for Python modules. Once it's on PyPi, users can install it using `pip`, the same way you installed `setuptools` and `build` for this article!
+
+It's not often the first thing you think about when sitting down to develop an application or library, but packaging code is an important aspect of programming. Python developers put a lot of thought into how programmers can make their work available to the world, and it doesn't get much easier than `setuptools`. Try it out, use it, and keep coding in Python!
+
+Python is a popular language for many applications. Those that run as backend services, now in the...
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: https://opensource.com/article/21/11/packaging-python-setuptools
+
+作者：[Seth Kenlon][a]
+选题：[lujun9972][b]
+译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
+校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[a]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
+[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
+[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/python_programming_question.png?itok=cOeJW-8r (Python programming language logo with question marks)
+[2]: https://opensource.com/life/16/8/how-construct-your-own-git-server-part-6
+[3]: https://opensource.com/article/19/7/introduction-gnu-autotools
+[4]: https://opensource.com/article/21/5/cmake