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Update and rename sources/tech/20230307.1 ⭐️ Switch from iCloud to Ne…
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[#]: subject: "Switch from iCloud to Nextcloud"
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[#]: via: "https://opensource.com/article/23/3/switch-icloud-nextcloud"
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[#]: author: "Heike Jurzik https://opensource.com/users/hej"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: "XiaotingHuang22"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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Switch from iCloud to Nextcloud
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======
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If you're wary of committing your data to cloud services controlled by a corporation but love the convenience of remote storage and easy web-based access, you're not alone. The cloud is popular because of what it can do. But the [cloud doesn't have to be closed][1]. Luckily, the open source Nextcloud project provides a personal and private cloud application suite.
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It's easy to [install][2] and import data—including contacts, calendars, and photos. The real trick is getting your data from cloud providers like iCloud. In this article, I demonstrate the steps you need to take to migrate your digital life to Nextcloud.
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### Migrate your data to Nextcloud
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As with [Android devices][3], first you must transfer existing data from Apple's iCloud to Nextcloud. Then you can set up two new accounts for your Apple devices to fully automatically synchronize address books and appointments. Apple supports CalDAV for calendars and CardDAV for contacts, so you don't even need to install an extra app.
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To export your address book, you can either open the **Contacts** app on your iPhone/iPad or log into iCloud in your web browser:
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- Select all address book entries you want to transfer to Nextcloud and choose **File > Export > Export vCard** to save a .`vcf` file on your local disk.
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- Import the .`vcf` file into Nextcloud. To do this, select the **Contacts** app, click **Settings** at the bottom left and select the **Import contacts** button. In the following dialogue window, click **Select local file**, and open the previously saved vCard.
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To set up a CardDAV account on your iPhone or iPad, go to**_Settings_ > _Contacts_ > _Accounts_ > _Add Account_**:
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- Select **Other** and then **Add CardDAV account**. In the **Server** field, enter the URL of Nextcloud (for example, [https://nextcloudpi.local][4]). Below this is space for the username and password of the Nextcloud account. Open the **Advanced Settings** for the new account.
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- Ensure the **Use SSL option** is enabled. The account URL is usually set correctly. It contains, amongst other things, the host name of your Nextcloud and your user name.
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To create a new account on macOS for synchronizing address books, open the **Contacts** app and select **Add Account** from the **Contacts** menu. Activate the checkbox **Other Contacts Account** and click on **Continue**. You can accept the **CardDAV** entry. In the **Account Type** drop-down menu, select **Manual** entry.
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![Image of advanced settings in Nextcloud.][5]
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Enter your Nextcloud user name, password, and server address. The current macOS version requires you to specify port 443 (for SSL) in the server address. For example, if the address of your Nextcloud is [https://nextcloudpi.local][6] and the username is hej, then enter the following in the field:
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[https://nextcloudpi.local:443/remote.php/dav/principals/users/hej][7]
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### Syncing your calendars
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Exporting your calendars works similarly. Through the Calendar app, you can do this with iCloud in the browser, on your smartphone/tablet, or the macOS desktop.
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First, set the calendar to **public**. This doesn't mean that everyone can access your calendar. It's only used to generate a link for the calendar subscription. Copy the URL to the clipboard. It's not yet possible to import the calendar directly into Nextcloud because you don't need a link for this, but an `.ics` file (iCalendar). Here is how to generate such a file from the link:
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- Copy the link to the clipboard
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- Paste the link into the address bar of a web browser
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- Change the beginning of the URL and replace `webcal` with `http`
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- Press **Enter** and save the `.ics` file on your disk
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![Image showing how to save the .ics file on your disk.][8]
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You can now import the `.ics` file. To do this, open the **Calendar** app in Nextcloud, click **Calendar settings** at the bottom left and then **Import calendar**. Select the `.ics` file you saved in the file manager.
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Repeat this process for all iCloud calendars. After that, it's time to replace the old iCloud synchronization service.
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### Synchronizing events
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To synchronize new events with Nextcloud, set up a new account on your client devices (smartphone, tablet, desktop):
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- **iPhone/iPad: _Settings_ / _Calendar_ / _Accounts_ / _Add Account_, select _Other_** and then choose **Add CalDAV Account**. In the **Server** field, enter your local Nextcloud URL, which is `https://nextcloudpi.local`. You can see a space for the username and password of the Nextcloud account.
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- macOS: Open the Calendar app and select **Add Account** from the **Calendar** menu. Activate the checkbox **Other CalDAV Account** and click **Continue**. From the **Account Type** drop-down menu, select **Manual** entry. Enter your Nextcloud username and password as well as the Nextcloud server address. Don't forget to specify the port 443 (for SSL) in the server address; otherwise the account setup will fail.
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**Tip:** If you want to synchronize other files like documents, photos, videos, and so on, in addition to your contacts and calendars, you can install the Nextcloud app offered in the App Store.
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This article has been adapted from Heike Jurzik's book, [Nextcloud on the Raspberry Pi][9].
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/23/3/switch-icloud-nextcloud
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作者：[Heike Jurzik][a]
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选题：[lkxed][b]
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译者：[XiaotingHuang22](https://github.com/XiaotingHuang22)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/hej
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[b]: https://github.com/lkxed/
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[1]: https://opensource.com/article/20/10/keep-cloud-open
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[2]: https://opensource.com/article/21/1/nextcloud-productivity
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[3]: https://opensource.com/article/23/3/switch-google-nextcloud
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[4]: https://nextcloudpi.local/
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[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/2023-02/advancedSettings-Nextcloud.png
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[6]: https://nextcloudpi.local
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[7]: https://nextcloudpi.local:443/remote.php/dav/principals/users/hej
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[8]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/2023-02/NextcloudSaveIcsfile.png
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[9]: https://www.amazon.de/-/en/gp/product/B0BTPZH8WT/ref=dbs_a_def_rwt_bibl_vppi_i4
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@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
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[#]: subject: "Switch from iCloud to Nextcloud"
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[#]: via: "https://opensource.com/article/23/3/switch-icloud-nextcloud"
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[#]: author: "Heike Jurzik https://opensource.com/users/hej"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: "XiaotingHuang22"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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把你的网盘从 iCloud 换成 Nextcloud
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======
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如果你对把数据提交给公司控制的云服务持谨慎态度，但同时又喜欢远程存储的便利性和基于 Web 的轻松访问，你不是一个人。云端因其广泛的功能而广受欢迎。 但是[云端服务不一定是封闭的][1]。 幸运的是，开源项目 Nextcloud 提供了个人和私有的云应用程序套件。
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[安装][2] 和导入数据很容易——包括联系人、日历和照片。 真正难办的是从 iCloud 等云提供商那里获取数据。 在本文中，我将告诉你把自己的数据迁移到 Nextcloud 需要采取的步骤。
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### 把你的数据迁移至 Nextcloud
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和在 [Android 设备][3]上一样，首先你必须将现有数据从苹果的 iCloud 传输到 Nextcloud。 然后，你可以为你的苹果设备设置两个新帐户，以完全自动同步通讯录和预约。 Apple 支持用于日历同步的 CalDAV 和用于联系人同步的 CardDAV 开放协议，因此你甚至不需要安装额外的应用。
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要导出你的通讯录，你可以在 iPhone 或者 iPad 上打开 **联系人** 应用或在网络浏览器中登录 iCloud：
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- 选择要传输到 Nextcloud 的所有地址簿条目，然后选择 **File > Export > Export vCard** 以在本地磁盘上保存 .`vcf` 文件。
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- 将 .`vcf` 文件导入 Nextcloud。 为此，请选择 **联系人** 应用，点击左下角的 **设置** 并选择 **导入联系人** 按钮。 在接下来的对话窗口中，点击**选择本地文件**，然后打开之前保存的 vCard。
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要在你的 iPhone 或 iPad 上设置 CardDAV 帐户，请转至**_设置_ > _联系人_ > _帐户_ > _添加帐户_**：
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- 选择**其他**，然后选择**添加 CardDAV 帐户**。 在 **服务器** 字段中，输入 Nextcloud 的 URL（例如，[https://nextcloudpi.local][4]）。 下面是 Nextcloud 帐户的用户名和密码。 打开新帐户的**高级设置**。
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- 确保启用了**使用 SSL 选项**。 帐户 URL 通常设置正确。 其中包含您的 Nextcloud 的主机名和你的用户名。
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要在 macOS 上创建用于同步地址簿的新帐户，请打开 **联系人** 应用程序并从 **联系人** 菜单中选择 **添加帐户**。 激活复选框 **其他通讯录账号** 并单击 **继续**。 您可以接受 **CardDAV** 条目。 在**账户类型**下拉菜单中，选择**手动**输入。
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![ Nextcloud 中高级设置的图片][5]
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输入你的 Nextcloud 用户名、密码和服务器地址。 当前的 macOS 版本要求你在服务器地址中指定端口 443（用于 SSL）。 例如，如果您的 Nextcloud 地址是 [https://nextcloudpi.local][6]，用户名是 hej，则在栏中输入以下内容：
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[https://nextcloudpi.local:443/remote.php/dav/principals/users/hej][7]
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### 同步你的日历
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导出日历的方法类似，通过日历应用程序，你可以在浏览器、智能手机/平板电脑或 macOS 桌面上使用 iCloud 执行此操作。
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首先，将日历设置为**公共**。 这并不意味着每个人都可以访问你的日历。它仅用于生成日历订阅的链接。将 URL 复制到剪贴板。 目前还无法将日历直接导入 Nextcloud，因为你不是用一个链接，而是用 .ics 文件 (iCalendar)来导入。 以下是如何从链接生成这样的文件：
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- 将链接复制到剪贴板
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- 将链接粘贴到网络浏览器的地址栏中
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- 更改 URL 的开头并将 `webcal` 替换为 `http`
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- 按 **Enter** 并将 `.ics` 文件保存到你的磁盘上
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![一张图片显示如何将 .ics 文件保存到磁盘上。][8]
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现在可以导入 .ics 文件了。 先在 Nextcloud 中打开 **日历** 应用程序，单击左下方的 **日历设置**，然后单击 **导入日历**。 选择你保存在文件管理器中的 `.ics` 文件。
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对所有 iCloud 日历重复此过程。 之后，就该更换旧的 iCloud 同步服务了。
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### 同步事件
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要与 Nextcloud 同步新事件，请在你的客户端设备（智能手机、平板电脑、台式机）上设置一个新帐户：
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- **iPhone/iPad：_设置_ / _日历_ / _账户_ / _添加账户_，选择_其他_**，然后选择**添加 CalDAV 账户**。 在 **服务器** 栏中，输入你的本地 Nextcloud URL，即 `https://nextcloudpi.local`。 您可以看到 Nextcloud 帐户的用户名和密码空格。
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- macOS：打开日历应用程序并从**日历**菜单中选择**添加帐户**。 激活复选框 **其他 CalDAV 账户** 并单击 **继续**。 从 **账户类型** 下拉菜单中，选择 **手动** 输入。 输入你的 Nextcloud 用户名和密码以及 Nextcloud 服务器地址。 不要忘记在服务器地址中指定端口 443（用于 SSL）； 否则帐户设置将失败。
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**提示：**如果你想同步其他文件，如文档、照片、视频等，除了您的联系人和日历，你可以在 App Store 中安装已有的 Nextcloud 应用程序。
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本文改编自 Heike Jurzik 的书 [树莓派上的 Nextcloud][9]。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/23/3/switch-icloud-nextcloud
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作者：[Heike Jurzik][a]
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选题：[lkxed][b]
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译者：[XiaotingHuang22](https://github.com/XiaotingHuang22)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/hej
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[b]: https://github.com/lkxed/
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[1]: https://opensource.com/article/20/10/keep-cloud-open
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[2]: https://opensource.com/article/21/1/nextcloud-productivity
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[3]: https://opensource.com/article/23/3/switch-google-nextcloud
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[4]: https://nextcloudpi.local/
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[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/2023-02/advancedSettings-Nextcloud.png
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[6]: https://nextcloudpi.local
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[7]: https://nextcloudpi.local:443/remote.php/dav/principals/users/hej
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[8]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/2023-02/NextcloudSaveIcsfile.png
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[9]: https://www.amazon.de/-/en/gp/product/B0BTPZH8WT/ref=dbs_a_def_rwt_bibl_vppi_i4
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