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[#]: subject: "Upgrade Various Kinds of Packages in Linux at Once With Topgrade"
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[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/topgrade/"
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[#]: author: "Sagar Sharma https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: "geekpi"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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Upgrade Various Kinds of Packages in Linux at Once With Topgrade
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======
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Updating a Linux system is not that complicated, is it? After all, to update Ubuntu like distros, you just have to use apt update && apt upgrade.
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That would have been the case if all the packages had been installed through a single package manager.
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But that’s not the case anymore. You have the classic apt/dnf/pacman and then come snap, flatpak, appimages. It doesn’t end here. You may also install applications using PIP (for Python) and Cargo (for Rust).
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Use node? The npm packages need to be updated separately. Oh My Zsh? Needs to be updated separately. [Plugins in Vim][1], Atom etc may also not be covered by apt/dnf/pacman.
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Do you see the problem now? And this is the kind of problem a new tool called topgrade aims to solve.
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### Topgrade: A single utility to take care of all kinds of updates
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This [topgrade][2] is a CLI utility and it detects which tools you use and then runs the appropriate commands to update them.
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![topgrade disable system][3]
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Apart from the usual Linux package managers, it can detect and update brew, cargo, PIP, pihole, Vim and Emacs plugins, R packages etc. You can see the list of supported packages on [its wiki page][4].
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##### Key Features of Topgrade:
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* Ability to update packages from different package managers, including firmware!
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* You do have control over how you want to update packages.
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* Extremely customizable.
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* Ability to have an overview even before updating packages.
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So without wasting any time, let’s jump to the installation.
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### Install Topgrade in Linux using Cargo
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The installation process is quite straightforward as I’m going to use the cargo package manager.
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We already have a [detailed guide with multiple methods for setting up a cargo package manager][5] So I’m going to make it quick by using Ubuntu in my example.
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So let’s start with some dependencies and installation of cargo in the least extensive way:
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```
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sudo apt install cargo libssl-dev pkg-config
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```
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Once the cargo has been installed, utilize the given command to install topgrade:
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```
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cargo install topgrade
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```
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And it will throw a warning as given:
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![cargo error][6]
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Where you just have to add the path of cargo to run binaries. This can be done through given command where you’ve to change `sagar` with your username:
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```
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echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/home/sagar/.cargo/bin' >> /home/sagar/.bashrc
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```
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Now, reboot your system and topgrade is ready to use. But wait, we need to install another package that will update cargo to get the most recent packages.
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```
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cargo install cargo-update
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```
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And we’re done with installation.
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### Using Topgrade
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Using topgrade is extremely easy. Use a single command and that’s it:
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```
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topgrade
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```
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![][7]
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But this won’t give you any control apart from system packages but as I mentioned, you can blacklist the repo that you don’t want to get updated.
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#### Exclude package managers and repositories from Topgrade
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Let’s suppose I want to exclude snaps and packages downloaded from the default package manager, so my command would be:
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```
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topgrade --disable snap system
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```
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![topgrade disable snap system][8]
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For making a permanent change, you’d have to make a few changes in its config file which can be accessed through the given command:
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```
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topgrade --edit-config
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```
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For this example, I discluded snaps and default system repo:
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![configuring topgrade][9]
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#### Dry run topgrade
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Having an estimation of outdated packages that will be updated is always a good idea and I find this most useful option from the entire catalog of topgrade.
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You just have to use topgrade with `-n` option and it will generate a summary of outdated packages.
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```
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topgrade -n
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```
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![summery of topgrade][10]
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A neat way of checking packages that need to be updated.
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### Final Words
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After using Topgrade for a few weeks, it became an integral part of my Linux arsenal. Like most other Linux users, I was only updating packages through my default package manager. Python and Rust packages were ignored completely. Thanks to topgrade, my system is updated completely now.
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I understand that this is not a tool everyone would want to use. What about you? Willing to give it a try?
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/topgrade/
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作者：[Sagar Sharma][a]
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选题：[lkxed][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/
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[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
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[1]: https://linuxhandbook.com/install-vim-plugins/
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[2]: https://github.com/r-darwish/topgrade
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[3]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/topgrade-disable-system.png
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[4]: https://github.com/r-darwish/topgrade/wiki/Step-list
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[5]: https://itsfoss.com/install-rust-cargo-ubuntu-linux/
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[6]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/cargo-error.png
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[7]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/topgrade.mp4
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[8]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/topgrade-disable-snap-system.png
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[9]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/configuring-topgrade-1.png
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[10]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/summery-of-topgrade.png
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@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
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[#]: subject: "Upgrade Various Kinds of Packages in Linux at Once With Topgrade"
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[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/topgrade/"
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[#]: author: "Sagar Sharma https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: "geekpi"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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使用 Topgrade 一次升级 Linux 中的各种软件包
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======
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更新 Linux 系统并没有那么复杂，不是吗？毕竟，要像发行版一样更新 Ubuntu，你只需要使用 apt update 和 apt upgrade。
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如果所有的包都是通过一个包管理器安装的，就会是这样。
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但现在情况不再如此。你有经典的 apt/dnf/pacman，还有 snap、flatpak、appimages。不止于此，你还可以使用 PIP（用于 Python）和 Cargo（用于 Rust）安装应用。
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使用 node？ npm 包需要单独更新。Oh My Zsh？需要单独更新。[Vim 中的插件][1]、Atom 等也可能不被 apt/dnf/pacman 覆盖。
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你现在看到问题了吗？这就是名为 topgrade 的新工具旨在解决的问题。
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### Topgrade：处理各种更新的单一程序
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[topgrade][2] 是一个 CLI 程序，它会检测你使用的工具，然后运行适当的命令来更新它们。
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![topgrade disable system][3]
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除了通常的 Linux 包管理器，它还可以检测和更新 brew、cargo、PIP、pihole、Vim 和 Emacs 插件、R 软件包等。你可以在 [wiki 页面][4]上查看支持的包列表。
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##### Topgrade 的主要特点：
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* 能够从不同的包管理器更新包，包括固件！
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* 你可以控制更新包的方式。
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* 高度可定制。
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* 能够在更新包之前进行概览
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所以不要浪费任何时间，让我们跳到安装。
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### 使用 Cargo 在 Linux 中安装 Topgrade
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安装过程非常简单，因为我将使用 cargo 包管理器。
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我们已经有了[详细指南，其中包含设置 cargo 包管理器的多种方法][5]。所以我将在我的示例中使用 Ubuntu 来快速完成。
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因此，让我们以最少方式安装依赖项以及 cargo：
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```
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sudo apt install cargo libssl-dev pkg-config
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```
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安装 cargo 后，使用给定的命令安装 topgrade：
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```
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cargo install topgrade
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```
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它会抛出一个警告：
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![cargo error][6]
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你只需添加 cargo 路径即可运行二进制文件。这可以通过给定的命令来完成，你需要使用你的用户名替换 `sagar`：
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```
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echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/home/sagar/.cargo/bin' >> /home/sagar/.bashrc
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```
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现在，重启系统，topgrade 就可以使用了。但是等等，我们需要安装另一个包来更新 cargo 以获取最新的包。
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```
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cargo install cargo-update
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```
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这样我们完成了安装。
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### 使用 Topgrade
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使用 topgrade 非常简单。使用一个命令，就是这样：
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```
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topgrade
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```
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![][7]
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但这不会给你除了系统包之外的任何控制，但正如我所提到的，你可以将不想更新的仓库列入黑名单。
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#### 从 Topgrade 中排除包管理器和仓库
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假设我想排除 snap 和从默认包管理器下载的包，所以我的命令是：
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```
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topgrade --disable snap system
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```
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![topgrade disable snap system][8]
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要进行永久更改，你必须在其配置文件中进行一些更改，这些更改可以通过给定的命令访问：
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```
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topgrade --edit-config
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```
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对于此示例，我排除了 snap 和默认系统仓库：
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![configuring topgrade][9]
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#### 试运行 topgrade
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评估将要更新的过时软件包总是一个好主意，我从 topgrade 的整个目录中找到了这个最有用的选项。
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你只需使用带有 `-n` 选项的 topgrade，它就会生成过期软件包的摘要。
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```
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topgrade -n
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```
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![summery of topgrade][10]
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检查需要更新的软件包的一种简洁方法。
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### 最后的话
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在使用 Topgrade 几周后，它成为了我的 Linux 武器库中不可或缺的一部分。 像大多数其他 Linux 用户一样，我只是通过我的默认包管理器更新包。 Python 和 Rust 包被完全忽略了。 感谢 topgrade，我的系统现在完全更新了。
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我知道这不是每个人都想使用的工具。 那你呢？ 愿意试一试吗？
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/topgrade/
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作者：[Sagar Sharma][a]
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选题：[lkxed][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/
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[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
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[1]: https://linuxhandbook.com/install-vim-plugins/
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[2]: https://github.com/r-darwish/topgrade
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[3]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/topgrade-disable-system.png
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[4]: https://github.com/r-darwish/topgrade/wiki/Step-list
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[5]: https://itsfoss.com/install-rust-cargo-ubuntu-linux/
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[6]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/cargo-error.png
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[7]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/topgrade.mp4
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[8]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/topgrade-disable-snap-system.png
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[9]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/configuring-topgrade-1.png
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[10]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/summery-of-topgrade.png
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