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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: ( )
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (4 Unique Terminal Emulators for Linux)
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[#]: via: (https://www.linux.com/blog/learn/2018/12/4-unique-terminals-linux)
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[#]: author: (Jack Wallen https://www.linux.com/users/jlwallen)
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4 Unique Terminal Emulators for Linux
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======
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Let’s face it, if you’re a Linux administrator, you’re going to work with the command line. To do that, you’ll be using a terminal emulator. Most likely, your distribution of choice came pre-installed with a default terminal emulator that gets the job done. But this is Linux, so you have a wealth of choices to pick from, and that ideology holds true for terminal emulators as well. In fact, if you open up your distribution’s GUI package manager (or search from the command line), you’ll find a trove of possible options. Of those, many are pretty straightforward tools; however, some are truly unique.
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In this article, I’ll highlight four such terminal emulators, that will not only get the job done, but do so while making the job a bit more interesting or fun. So, let’s take a look at these terminals.
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### Tilda
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[Tilda][1] is designed for Gtk and is a member of the cool drop-down family of terminals. That means the terminal is always running in the background, ready to drop down from the top of your monitor (such as Guake and Yakuake). What makes Tilda rise above many of the others is the number of configuration options available for the terminal (Figure 1).
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Tilda can be installed from the standard repositories. On a Ubuntu- (or Debian-) based distribution, the installation is as simple as:
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```
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sudo apt-get install tilda -y
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```
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Once installed, open Tilda from your desktop menu, which will also open the configuration window. Configure the app to suit your taste and then close the configuration window. You can then open and close Tilda by hitting the F1 hotkey. One caveat to using Tilda is that, after the first run, you won’t find any indication as to how to reach the configuration wizard. No worries. If you run the command tilda -C it will open the configuration window, while still retaining the options you’ve previously set.
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Available options include:
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* Terminal size and location
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* Font and color configurations
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* Auto Hide
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* Title
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* Custom commands
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* URL Handling
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* Transparency
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* Animation
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* Scrolling
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* And more
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What I like about these types of terminals is that they easily get out of the way when you don’t need them and are just a button click away when you do. For those that hop in and out of the terminal, a tool like Tilda is ideal.
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### Aterm
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Aterm holds a special place in my heart, as it was one of the first terminals I used that made me realize how flexible Linux was. This was back when AfterStep was my window manager of choice (which dates me a bit) and I was new to the command line. What Aterm offered was a terminal emulator that was highly customizable, while helping me learn the ins and outs of using the terminal (how to add options and switches to a command). “How?” you ask. Because Aterm never had a GUI for customization. To run Aterm with any special options, it had to run as a command. For example, say you want to open Aterm with transparency enabled, green text, white highlights, and no scroll bar. To do this, issue the command:
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```
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aterm -tr -fg green -bg white +xb
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```
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The end result (with the top command running for illustration) would look like that shown in Figure 2.
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![Aterm][3]
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Figure 2: Aterm with a few custom options.
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[Used with permission][4]
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Of course, you must first install Aterm. Fortunately, the application is still found in the standard repositories, so installing on the likes of Ubuntu is as simple as:
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```
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sudo apt-get install aterm -y
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```
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If you want to always open Aterm with those options, your best bet is to create an alias in your ~/.bashrc file like so:
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```
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alias=”aterm -tr -fg green -bg white +sb”
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```
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Save that file and, when you issue the command aterm, it will always open with those options. For more about creating aliases, check out [this tutorial][5].
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### Eterm
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Eterm is the second terminal that really showed me how much fun the Linux command line could be. Eterm is the default terminal emulator for the Enlightenment desktop. When I eventually migrated from AfterStep to Enlightenment (back in the early 2000s), I was afraid I’d lose out on all those cool aesthetic options. That turned out to not be the case. In fact, Eterm offered plenty of unique options, while making the task easier with a terminal toolbar. With Eterm, you can easily select from a large number of background images (should you want one - Figure 3) by selecting from the Background > Pixmap menu entry.
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![Eterm][7]
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Figure 3: Selecting from one of the many background images for Eterm.
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[Used with permission][4]
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There are a number of other options to configure (such as font size, map alerts, toggle scrollbar, brightness, contrast, and gamma of background images, and more). The one thing you want to make sure is, after you’ve configured Eterm to suit your tastes, to click Eterm > Save User Settings (otherwise, all settings will be lost when you close the app).
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Eterm can be installed from the standard repositories, with a command such as:
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```
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sudo apt-get install eterm
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```
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### Extraterm
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[Extraterm][8] should probably win a few awards for coolest feature set of any terminal window project available today. The most unique feature of Extraterm is the ability to wrap commands in color-coded frames (blue for successful commands and red for failed commands - Figure 4).
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![Extraterm][10]
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Figure 4: Extraterm showing two failed command frames.
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[Used with permission][4]
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When you run a command, Extraterm will wrap the command in an isolated frame. If the command succeeds, the frame will be outlined in blue. Should the command fail, the frame will be outlined in red.
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Extraterm cannot be installed via the standard repositories. In fact, the only way to run Extraterm on Linux (at the moment) is to [download the precompiled binary][11] from the project’s GitHub page, extract the file, change into the newly created directory, and issue the command ./extraterm.
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Once the app is running, to enable frames you must first enable bash integration. To do that, open Extraterm and then right-click anywhere in the window to reveal the popup menu. Scroll until you see the entry for Inject Bash shell Integration (Figure 5). Select that entry and you can then begin using the frames option.
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![Extraterm][13]
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Figure 5: Injecting Bash integration for Extraterm.
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[Used with permission][4]
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If you run a command, and don’t see a frame appear, you probably have to create a new frame for the command (as Extraterm only ships with a few default frames). To do that, click on the Extraterm menu button (three horizontal lines in the top right corner of the window), select Settings, and then click the Frames tab. In this window, scroll down and click the New Rule button. You can then add a command you want to work with the frames option (Figure 6).
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![frames][15]
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Figure 6: Adding a new rule for frames.
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[Used with permission][4]
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If, after this, you still don’t see frames appearing, download the extraterm-commands file from the [Download page][11], extract the file, change into the newly created directory, and issue the command sh setup_extraterm_bash.sh. That should enable frames for Extraterm.
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There’s plenty more options available for Extraterm. I’m convinced, once you start playing around with this new take on the terminal window, you won’t want to go back to the standard terminal. Hopefully the developer will make this app available to the standard repositories soon (as it could easily become one of the most popular terminal windows in use).
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### And Many More
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As you probably expected, there are quite a lot of terminals available for Linux. These four represent (at least for me) four unique takes on the task, each of which do a great job of helping you run the commands every Linux admin needs to run. If you aren’t satisfied with one of these, give your package manager a look to see what’s available. You are sure to find something that works perfectly for you.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.linux.com/blog/learn/2018/12/4-unique-terminals-linux
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作者：[Jack Wallen][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
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|
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
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[a]: https://www.linux.com/users/jlwallen
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: http://tilda.sourceforge.net/tildadoc.php
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[2]: https://www.linux.com/files/images/terminals2jpg
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[3]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/terminals_2.jpg?itok=gBkRLwDI (Aterm)
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[4]: https://www.linux.com/licenses/category/used-permission
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[5]: https://www.linux.com/blog/learn/2018/12/aliases-diy-shell-commands
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[6]: https://www.linux.com/files/images/terminals3jpg
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[7]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/terminals_3.jpg?itok=RVPTJAtK (Eterm)
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[8]: http://extraterm.org
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[9]: https://www.linux.com/files/images/terminals4jpg
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[10]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/terminals_4.jpg?itok=2n01qdwO (Extraterm)
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[11]: https://github.com/sedwards2009/extraterm/releases
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[12]: https://www.linux.com/files/images/terminals5jpg
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[13]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/terminals_5.jpg?itok=FdaE1Mpf (Extraterm)
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[14]: https://www.linux.com/files/images/terminals6jpg
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[15]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/terminals_6.jpg?itok=lQ1Zv5wq (frames)
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: ( )
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[#]: translator: (dianbanjiu )
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (wxy)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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||||
[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (4 Unique Terminal Emulators for Linux)
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[#]: via: (https://www.linux.com/blog/learn/2018/12/4-unique-terminals-linux)
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[#]: author: (Jack Wallen https://www.linux.com/users/jlwallen)
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4 个独特的 Linux 终端模拟器
|
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======
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> 这四个不同的终端模拟器 —— 不仅可以完成工作，还可以增加一些乐趣。
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|
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|
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|
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让我们面对现实，如果你是 Linux 管理员，那么你要用命令行来工作。为此，你将使用终端模拟器（LCTT 译注：常简称为“终端”，与终端本身的原意不同）。最有可能的是，你的选择发行版预先安装了一个可以完成工作的默认终端模拟器。但这是有很多选择可供选择的 Linux，所以这种思想自然也适用于终端模拟器。实际上，如果你打开发行版的图形界面的包管理器（或从命令行搜索），你将找到大量可能的选择。其中许多是非常简单的工具；然而，有些是真正独特的。
|
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|
||||
在本文中，我将重点介绍四个这样的终端模拟器，它们不仅可以完成工作，而且可以使工作变得更有趣或更有趣。 那么，让我们来看看这些终端。
|
||||
|
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### Tilda
|
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|
||||
[Tilda][1] 是为Gtk设计的，是一种酷炫的下拉终端。这意味着该终端始终在后台运行，随时准备从显示器顶部拉下来（例如 Guake 和 Yakuake）。让 Tilda 超越许多其他产品的原因是该终端可用的配置选项数量（图 1）。
|
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|
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|
||||
|
||||
可以从标准的软件库安装 Tilda。在基于 Ubuntu（或 Debian）的发行版上，安装非常简单：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt-get install tilda -y
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
安装完成后，从桌面菜单中打开 Tilda，这也将打开其配置窗口。根据你的喜好配置应用程序，然后关闭配置窗口。然后，你可以通过点击 `F1` 热键来打开和关闭 Tilda。对使用 Tilda 的一个警告是，在第一次运行后，你将找不到有关如何找到配置向导的任何提示。别担心。只要运行命令 `tilda -C`，它将打开配置窗口，同时仍保留你之前设置的选项。
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|
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可用选项包括：
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* 终端大小和位置
|
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* 字体和颜色配置
|
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* 自动隐藏
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* 标题
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* 自定义命令
|
||||
* URL 处理
|
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* 透明度
|
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* 动画
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* 滚动
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* 和更多
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|
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我喜欢这些类型的终端是因为当你不需要它们时它们很容易就会消失，只需按一下按钮即可。对于那些不断进出终端的人来说，像 Tilda 这样的工具是理想的选择。
|
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|
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### Aterm
|
||||
|
||||
Aterm 在我心中占有特殊的位置，因为它是我第一次使用的终端之一，它让我意识到 Linux 的灵活性。 这要回到当 AfterStep 成为我选择的窗口管理器时（用了不太久），而且那时我是命令行新手。Aterm 提供的是一个高度可定制的终端仿真器，同时帮助我了解使用终端的细节（如何添加选项和切换到命令）。“你觉得怎么样？”。因为 Aterm 从未有过用于定制的图形界面。要使用任何特殊选项运行 Aterm，它必须以命令选项的方式运行。例如，假设你要启用透明度、绿色文本、白色高亮和无滚动条。为此，请运行以下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
aterm -tr -fg green -bg white +xb
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
最终结果（`top` 命令运行用于说明）看起来如图 2 所示。
|
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|
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![Aterm][3]
|
||||
|
||||
*图 2：使用了一些定制选项的 Aterm*
|
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|
||||
当然，你必须先安装 Aterm。幸运的是，这个应用程序仍然可以在标准软件库中找到，因此在 Ubuntu 上安装就像下面这样简单：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt-get install aterm -y
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
如果你想总是用这些选项打开 Aterm，你最好的办法是在 `~/.bashrc` 文件中创建一个别名，如下所示：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
alias=”aterm -tr -fg green -bg white +sb”
|
||||
```
|
||||
保存该文件，当你运行命令 `aterm` 时，它将始终打开这些选项。有关创建别名的更多信息，请查看[这个教程][5]。
|
||||
|
||||
### Eterm
|
||||
|
||||
Eterm 是第二个真正告诉我 Linux 命令行可以带来多少乐趣的终端。Eterm 是 Enlightenment 桌面的默认终端模拟器。当我最终从 AfterStep 迁移到 Enlightenment 时（那时早在 20 世纪初），我担心我会失去所有那些很酷的美学选择。结果并非如此。 实际上，Eterm 提供了许多独特的选项，同时使用终端工具栏使任务更容易。使用 Eterm，你可以通过从 “Background > Pixmap”菜单条目中轻松地从大量背景图像中选择一个背景（如果你需要一个的话，图 3）。
|
||||
|
||||
![Eterm][7]
|
||||
|
||||
*图 3：从大量的背景图中为 Eterm 选择一个。*
|
||||
|
||||
还有许多其他配置选项（例如字体大小、映射警报、切换滚动条、亮度、对比度和背景图像的透明度等）。 你要确定的一件事是，在你配置 Eterm 以满足你的口味后，需要单击 “Eterm > Save User Settings”（否则，关闭应用程序时所有设置都将丢失）。
|
||||
|
||||
可以从标准软件库安装 Eterm，其命令如下：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt-get install eterm
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Extraterm
|
||||
|
||||
[Extraterm][8] 应该可以赢得今天任何终端窗口项目最酷功能集的一些奖项。Extraterm 最独特的功能是能够以彩色框来包装命令（蓝色表示成功命令，红色表示失败命令。图 4）。
|
||||
|
||||
![Extraterm][10]
|
||||
|
||||
*图 4：Extraterm 显示有两个失败的命令框。*
|
||||
|
||||
在运行命令时，Extraterm 会将命令包装在一个单独的颜色框中。如果该命令成功，则该颜色框将以蓝色轮廓显示。如果命令失败，框将以红色标出。
|
||||
|
||||
无法通过标准软件库安装 Extraterm。事实上，在 Linux 上运行 Extraterm（目前）的唯一方法是从项目的 GitHub 页面[下载预编译的二进制文件][11]，解压缩文件，切换到新创建的目录，然后运行命令 `./extraterm`。
|
||||
|
||||
当该应用程序运行后，要启用颜色框，你必须首先启用 bash 集成。为此，请打开 Extraterm，然后右键单击窗口中的任意位置以显示弹出菜单。滚动，直到看到 “Inject Bash shell Integration”的条目（图 5）。选择该条目，然后你可以开始使用这个颜色框选项。
|
||||
|
||||
![Extraterm][13]
|
||||
|
||||
*图 5：为 Extraterm 插入 Bash 集成。。*
|
||||
|
||||
如果你运行了一个命令，并且看不到颜色框，则可能必须为该命令创建一个新的颜色框（因为 Extraterm 仅附带一些默认颜色框）。为此，请单击 “Extraterm” 菜单按钮（窗口右上角的三条水平线），选择“Settings”，然后单击“Frames”选项卡。在此窗口中，向下滚动并单击“New Rule”按钮。 然后，你可以添加要使用颜色框的命令（图 6）。
|
||||
|
||||
![frames][15]
|
||||
|
||||
*图 6：为颜色框添加新规则。*
|
||||
|
||||
如果在此之后仍然没有看到框架出现，请从[下载页面][11]下载 `extraterm-commands` 文件，解压缩该文件，切换到新创建的目录，然后运行命令 `sh setup_extraterm_bash.sh`。这应该可以为 Extraterm 启用颜色框。
|
||||
|
||||
还有更多可用于 Extraterm 的选项。我相信，一旦你开始在终端窗口上玩这个新花头，你就不会想回到标准终端。希望开发人员尽快将这个应用程序提供给标准软件库（因为它很容易就可以成为最常用的终端窗口之一）。
|
||||
|
||||
### 更多
|
||||
|
||||
正如你可能预期的那样，Linux 有很多可用的终端。这四个代表（至少对我来说）四个独特的终端，每个都可以帮助你运行每个 Linux 管理员需要运行的命令。如果你对其中一个不满意，请让你的包管理员查看可用的软件包。你一定会找到适合你的东西。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.linux.com/blog/learn/2018/12/4-unique-terminals-linux
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Jack Wallen][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.linux.com/users/jlwallen
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: http://tilda.sourceforge.net/tildadoc.php
|
||||
[2]: https://www.linux.com/files/images/terminals2jpg
|
||||
[3]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/terminals_2.jpg?itok=gBkRLwDI (Aterm)
|
||||
[4]: https://www.linux.com/licenses/category/used-permission
|
||||
[5]: https://www.linux.com/blog/learn/2018/12/aliases-diy-shell-commands
|
||||
[6]: https://www.linux.com/files/images/terminals3jpg
|
||||
[7]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/terminals_3.jpg?itok=RVPTJAtK (Eterm)
|
||||
[8]: http://extraterm.org
|
||||
[9]: https://www.linux.com/files/images/terminals4jpg
|
||||
[10]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/terminals_4.jpg?itok=2n01qdwO (Extraterm)
|
||||
[11]: https://github.com/sedwards2009/extraterm/releases
|
||||
[12]: https://www.linux.com/files/images/terminals5jpg
|
||||
[13]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/terminals_5.jpg?itok=FdaE1Mpf (Extraterm)
|
||||
[14]: https://www.linux.com/files/images/terminals6jpg
|
||||
[15]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/terminals_6.jpg?itok=lQ1Zv5wq (frames)
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user