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[完成翻译] A Look At The Most Promising Next-Gen Linux Software Update Mechanisms

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A Look At The Most Promising Next-Gen Linux Software Update Mechanisms
====
 ![OPERATING SYSTEMS -- ](http://phoronix.com/assets/categories/operatingsystems.jpg)
With traditional software package management solutions like APT and Yum showing their age and not adapting well to the embedded world and the slew of new areas for Linux like IoT, a new generation of atomic-based Linux software update solutions continue to be worked on. Matt Porter of the Konsulko Group is presenting at this week's Embedded Linux Conference Europe 2016 with a comparison of these update technologies.
Incremental atomic updates have been what's being pursued by multiple Linux software vendors for delivering more reliable distribution updates, smaller sized updates via binary deltas, and generally allow rollbacks in case of problems. Some of the new distribution update mechanisms covered included SWUpdate, Mender, OSTree, and swupd. Interestingly, not mentioned in the slide deck is Ubuntu's Snappy.
SWUpdate is a single/dual image update framework that's modular, supports signed images, makes use of Kconfig for configurations, can handle local or remote updates, etc. [SWUpdate](https://github.com/sbabic/swupdate) is particularly designed for embedded systems.
[Mender](https://github.com/mendersoftware/mender) meanwhile is a solution aimed at over-the-air software updates. Mender is written in the Go programming language and is a dual-image update framework.
One of the most well known talked about in this presentation is [OSTree](https://github.com/ostreedev/ostree) for incremental atomic upgrades. OSTree is Git-like and is used by Fedora / Red Hat and GNOME's container system Flatpak also makes use of OSTree.
Talked about lastly was swupd, the update system spearheaded by Intel's Clear Linux distribution. Swupd is hosted on [GitHub](https://github.com/clearlinux/swupd-client) with its client and server portions hosted by Clear Linux. Swupd is similar to OSTree but does not require reboots to activate bundles.
For those not in Berlin for the Embedded Linux Conference Europe, you can learn more about these different software update mechanisms with a focus on embedded Linux via [these PDF slides](http://events.linuxfoundation.org/sites/events/files/slides/Comparison%20of%20Linux%20Software%20Update%20Technologies.pdf).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=ELC2016-Software-Updates
作者：[Michael Larabel][a]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: http://www.michaellarabel.com/

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简览最有前景的下代 Linux 软件更新机制
====
 ![OPERATING SYSTEMS -- ](http://phoronix.com/assets/categories/operatingsystems.jpg)
随着像 APT 和 Yum 等传统包管理解决方案仅仅老去，并且不适用于类 Unix IoT 等新领域，新一代的基于原子 Linux 软件升级方案应运而生。Konsulko 团队的 Matt Porter 将在本周的 2016 年欧洲嵌入式 Linux 峰会（LCTT 译注：于 2016 年 10 月 11-13 日在德国柏林召开）为大家对比这些新技术的不同点。
目前已有多个 Linux 软件商使用增量原子更新方式来传输更可靠的发行版更新，可以实现小体积的二进制文件续传，假如出现意外状况也运行回退。这些新的发行版升级机制包含了 SWUpdate、Mender、OSTree 和 swupd。但有趣的是，幻灯片之中并没有提及 Ubuntu 的 Snappy。
SWUpdate 一种单/双镜像的模块化升级框架，支持镜像签名、可以使用 Kconfig 来进行配置、能够处理本地或者远程升级等。[SWUpdate](https://github.com/sbabic/swupdate) 简直就是为嵌入式系统设计的。
而 [Mender](https://github.com/mendersoftware/mender) 则是以无线传输进行升级位目标的升级方案。它是用 Go 编程语言编写的双镜像升级框架。
[OSTree](https://github.com/ostreedev/ostree) 是此次增量原子升级方案演示中最有名气，它类似于 Git。Fedora 和 RedHat 都有它的身影，甚至 Gnome 的 Flatpak 容器系统有是用了 OSTree。
Swupd 是最后展示的一个升级系统，是 Intel 的带头部队——Clear Linux 发行版所使用的升级方案。它自身托管在 [GitHub](https://github.com/clearlinux/swupd-client)，而它的客户端和服务端则由 Clear Linux 托管。Swupd 与 OSTree 相似，但它不必重启就可以启用更新。
而本次在柏林召开的欧洲嵌入式 Linux 峰会中没有提及的升级机制，你也可以访问 [these PDF slides](http://events.linuxfoundation.org/sites/events/files/slides/Comparison%20of%20Linux%20Software%20Update%20Technologies.pdf) 来了解它们。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=ELC2016-Software-Updates
作者：[Michael Larabel][a]
译者：[GHLandy](https://github.com/GHLandy)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: http://www.michaellarabel.com/