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Top 8 systems operations and engineering trends for 2017
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=================
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Forecasting trends is tricky, especially in the fast-moving world of systems operations and engineering. This year, at our Velocity Conference, we have talked about distributed systems, SRE, containerization, serverless architectures, burnout, and many other topics related to the human and technological challenges of delivering software. Here are some of the trends we see for the next year:
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### 1\. Distributed Systems
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We think this is important enough that we [re-focused the entire Velocity conference on it][1].
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### 2\. Site Reliability Engineering
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[Site Reliability Engineering][3]—is it just ops? [Or is it DevOps by another name][4]? Google's profile for an ops professional calls for heavy doses of systems and software engineering. Spread further into the industry by Xooglers at companies like Dropbox, [hiring for SRE positions][5] continues to increase, particularly for web-facing companies with large data centers. In some contexts, the role of SREs becomes more about helping developers operate their own services.
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### 3\. Containerization
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Companies will continue to containerize their software delivery. Docker Inc. itself has positioned Docker as a tool for "[incremental revolution][6]," and containerizing legacy applications has become a common use case in the enterprise. What's the future of Docker? As engineers continue to adopt orchestration tools like Kubernetes and Mesos, the higher level of abstraction may make more room for other flavors of containers (like rkt, Garden, etc.).
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### 4\. Unikernels
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Are unikernels the next step after containerization? Are they unfit for production? Some tout the security and performance benefits of unikernels. Keep an eye out for how unikernels evolve in 2017, [particularly with an eye to what Docker Inc. does][7] in this area (having acquired Unikernel Systems this year).
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### 5\. Serverless
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Serverless architectures treat functions as the basic unit of computation. Some find the term misleading (and reminiscent of "noops"), and prefer to refer to this trend as Functions-as-a-Service. Developers and architects are experimenting with the technology more and more, and expect to see more applications being written in this paradigm. For more on what serverless/FaaS means for operations, check out the free ebook on [Serverless Ops][8] by Michael Hausenblas.
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### 6\. Cloud-Native application development
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Like DevOps, this term has been used and abused by marketers for a long while, but the Cloud Native Computing Foundation makes a strong case for these new sets of tools (often Google-inspired) that take advantage not just of the cloud, but in particular the strengths and opportunities provided by distributed systems—in short, microservices, containerization, and dynamic orchestration.
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### 7\. Monitoring
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As the industry has evolved from Nagios-style monitoring, to streaming metrics and visualizations, we've become great at producing loads of systems data. Interpretation is the next challenge. As such, we are seeing vendors offering machine learning-powered monitoring services, and, more generally, IT operations learning techniques for machine learning systems data. Similarly, as our infrastructure becomes more dynamic and distributed, monitoring becomes less and less about checking the health of individual resources and more about tracing flows between services. As such, distributed tracing has emerged.
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### 8\. DevOps Security
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With DevOpsSec increasing in popularity, [security is quickly becoming a team-wide concern][9]. The classic challenge of DevOps of achieving both velocity and reliability is especially pronounced when companies with security and compliance concerns are feeling the pinch to compete on speed.
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### Tell us about your work
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As an IT operations professional—whether you use the term sysadmin, DevOps, SRE, DBA, etc.—[you’re invited to share your insights][10] to help us learn about the demographics, work environments, tools, and compensation of practitioners in our growing field. All responses are reported in aggregate to assure your anonymity. The survey will require approximately 5–10 minutes to complete. Once we've closed the survey and analyzed the results, we'll share our findings with you. [Take the survey][11].
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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作者简介：
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Courtney Nash chairs multiple conferences for O'Reilly Media and is the strategic content director focused on areas of modern web operations, high performance applications, and security. An erstwhile academic neuroscientist, she is still fascinated by the brain and how it informs our interactions with and expectations of technology. She's spent 17 years working in the technology industry in a wide variety of roles, ever since moving to Seattle to work at a burgeoning online bookstore. Outside work, Courtney can be found biking, hiking, skiing, ...
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Brian Anderson, Infrastructure and Operations Editor at O’Reilly Media, covers topics essential to the delivery of software — from traditional system administration, to cloud computing, web performance, Docker, and DevOps. He has been working in online education and serving the needs of working learners for more than ten years.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/top-8-systems-operations-and-engineering-trends-for-2017
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作者：[Courtney Nash][a]，[Brian Anderson][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.oreilly.com/people/3f5d7-courtneyw-nash
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[b]:https://www.oreilly.com/people/brian_anderson
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[1]:https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/velocity-a-new-direction
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[2]:https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/top-8-systems-operations-and-engineering-trends-for-2017?imm_mid=0ec113&cmp=em-webops-na-na-newsltr_20170106
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[3]:https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/what-is-sre-site-reliability-engineering
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[4]:http://conferences.oreilly.com/velocity/devops-web-performance-ny/public/content/devops-sre-ama-video
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[5]:https://www.glassdoor.com/Salaries/site-reliability-engineer-salary-SRCH_KO0,25.htm
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[6]:http://blog.scottlowe.org/2016/06/21/dockercon-2016-day-2-keynote/
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[7]:http://www.infoworld.com/article/3024410/application-virtualization/docker-kicks-off-unikernel-revolution.html
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[8]:http://www.oreilly.com/webops-perf/free/serverless-ops.csp?intcmp=il-webops-free-lp-na_new_site_top_8_systems_operations_and_engineering_trends_for_2017_body_text_cta
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[9]:https://www.oreilly.com/learning/devopssec-securing-software-through-continuous-delivery
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[10]:http://www.oreilly.com/webops-perf/2016-ops-survey.html
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[11]:http://www.oreilly.com/webops-perf/2016-ops-survey.html
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2017 年 8 大系统运维和工程趋势
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=================
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预测趋势是棘手的，尤其是在快速发展的系统运维和工程领域。今年，在我们的 Velocity 大会上，我们讨论了分布式系统、SRE、容器化、无服务架构，人员倦怠以及与提供软件相关的人力与技术挑战等诸多问题。以下是我们认为的明年的趋势：
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### 1\. 分布式系统
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我们认为这个很重要，我们[在整个 Velocity 会议上重新关注了它][1]。
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### 2\. 站点可靠性工程
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[站点可靠性工程][3]-它只是运维么？[或者它是 DevOps 的另外一个名称][4]？这是 Google 对那些要求做大量系统及软件工程的运维专业人士的称呼。它由在像 Dropbox 的前 Google 人向业内推广，[招聘 SRE 的职位][5]正不断增加，特别是有大型数据中心的面向网络的公司。在某些情况下，SRE 的作用更多地是帮助开发人员操作自己的服务。
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### 3\. 同期话
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公司将继续容器化它们的软件交付。Docker 公司本身已经将 Docker 定位为“[增量革命][6]”的工具，容器化遗留应用已成为企业的常见案例。Docker 的未来是什么？随着工程师继续采用诸如 Kubernetes 和 Mesos 之类的编排工具，更高层次的抽象可能为其他容器（如 rkt、Garden 等）提供更多空间。
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### 4\. Unikernels
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unikernels 是容器化之后的下一步么？它们对产品不合适么？有些人吹捧 unikernels 的安全和性能好处。关注一下 unikernels 在 2017 是如何进化的，[特别要关注下 Dokcer 公司在这个领域做的][7]。（今年它已经收购了 Unikernel Systems）
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### 5\. Serverless
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无服务架构视功能为基础的计算单元。有些人认为这个术语是误导性的（让人想起 “noops”），并且更倾向于把这个趋势称为“功能即服务”。开发人员和架构师正在越来越多地尝试这个技术，并期望看到有越来越多的程序用这个范式编写。更多关于 serverless/FaaS 对运维的意义，请查看 Michael Hausenblas 的 [Serverless 运维][8]免费电子书。
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### 6\. 原生云程序开发
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就像 DevOps，这个术语已经被市场人员使用并滥用很久了，但是云计算基金会为这些新工具（通常是谷歌发起的）做了一个很好的例子，这些工具不仅利用了云，而且特别还在于分布式系统（简称微服务，容器化和动态编排）提供的优势和机会。
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### 7\. 监控
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随着行业从 Nagios 风格的监控发展到流量指标和可视化，我们在生产大量的系统数据方面变得非常出色。诠释是下一个挑战。因此，我们看到供应商提供机器学习功能的监控服务，以及更一般的是利用机器学习系统数据的 IT 运维学习。同样，随着我们的基础设施变得更加动态和分布式，监控越来越少地检查个人资源的健康状况，更多的是关于在服务之间追踪流量。因此，分布式跟踪已经出现。
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### 8\. DevOps 安全
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随着 DevOps 安全的普及，[安全性正在迅速成为团队范围的关注][9]。当有安全和合规顾虑的公司感觉到需要在速度上竞争时, devops 实现速度和可靠性的经典挑战尤其明显。
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### 告诉我们关于你的工作
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作为一名 IT 运维专业人员 - 你是否使用系统管理的术语如 DevOps、SRE、DBA 等等。- [你被受邀分享你的见解][10]来帮助我们在增长的领域中了解关于人口统计、工作环境、工具以及从业人员薪酬。所有反馈都会以归集形式报告从而保证你的匿名。调查大约需要 5-10 分钟完成。在关闭调查并分析结果后，我们会与你分享发现。[参加调查][11]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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作者简介：
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Courtney Nash 主持 O'Reilly Media 的多个会议，并且是专注于现代网络运维，高性能程序和安全性的战略内容总监。一位前学术神经科学家，她仍然对大脑着迷，以及它如何告诉我们与技术互动和对技术的期望。自从移居西雅图，在一家蓬勃发展的在线书店工作之后，她花了 17 年的时间从事技术行业的各种工作。在外面，你可以看到 Courtney 在骑自行车、徒步旅行、滑雪。。。
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O'Reilly Media 的基础架构和运维编辑 Brian Anderson 介绍了从传统系统管理到云计算、Web 性能、Docker 和 DevOps 等软件交付的重要内容。他一直从事在线教育，服务于学习者的需求超过十多年。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/top-8-systems-operations-and-engineering-trends-for-2017
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作者：[Courtney Nash][a]，[Brian Anderson][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.oreilly.com/people/3f5d7-courtneyw-nash
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[b]:https://www.oreilly.com/people/brian_anderson
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[1]:https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/velocity-a-new-direction
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[2]:https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/top-8-systems-operations-and-engineering-trends-for-2017?imm_mid=0ec113&cmp=em-webops-na-na-newsltr_20170106
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[3]:https://www.oreilly.com/ideas/what-is-sre-site-reliability-engineering
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[4]:http://conferences.oreilly.com/velocity/devops-web-performance-ny/public/content/devops-sre-ama-video
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[5]:https://www.glassdoor.com/Salaries/site-reliability-engineer-salary-SRCH_KO0,25.htm
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[6]:http://blog.scottlowe.org/2016/06/21/dockercon-2016-day-2-keynote/
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[7]:http://www.infoworld.com/article/3024410/application-virtualization/docker-kicks-off-unikernel-revolution.html
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[8]:http://www.oreilly.com/webops-perf/free/serverless-ops.csp?intcmp=il-webops-free-lp-na_new_site_top_8_systems_operations_and_engineering_trends_for_2017_body_text_cta
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[9]:https://www.oreilly.com/learning/devopssec-securing-software-through-continuous-delivery
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[10]:http://www.oreilly.com/webops-perf/2016-ops-survey.html
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[11]:http://www.oreilly.com/webops-perf/2016-ops-survey.html
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