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20131129-2 选题 及修正前面一篇文章的排版
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Are Open Source Developers Too Demanding?
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================================================================================
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**Open source invites participation, including criticism. But do developers sometimes take it too far?**
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Developers can be a fickle bunch. Gifted with mountains of free, open-source code of ever-improving quality, some developers can’t help but complain that there’s not more, and even more free, software. But the problem often isn't the code itself, but poorly calibrated expectations and scanty training.
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### What? Me Pay? ###
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One sometimes unrealistic expectation is that software should be free. All of it.
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So, for example, we have [one young developer berating nginx][1] for building “admittedly amazing software” but then having the audacity to charge for it.
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No, really. Those nginx people are trying to make money by writing software that people want. Can you believe the gall?
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Actually, his problem is more nuanced than this. Despite electing not to use Apache httpd, the Hip Young Startup blog author complains that nginx "took a feature that Apache httpd has had literally forever and put it behind a pay wall." It's unclear why he doesn't just use Apache to solve his problem, given that he also says "the performance difference between nginx and httpd in this scenario is negligible."
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Or maybe he could fix nginx himself, given that, by his own admission, it's "trivial" to make the changes himself to get around nginx's attempts to sustain product development by charging for some features. The problem, as he acknowledges, is that he "shouldn’t have to do any of this [crap]."
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In other words, the world (or nginx) owes this developer a living. Who knew?
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Let's be clear: one of the ways open source succeeds is by dramatically lowering the bar to adoption. Charging money, even a negligible fee, can hinder that adoption. But getting uppity about the primary developer of an open-source project charging money for value? As programmer Brendan Loudermilk ([@bloudermilk][2]) [tells][3] the Hip Young Startup blogger, "You could always pay for and support the software that serves as a core dependency of your app."
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Imagine that.
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### Documentation? Of Course I Didn’t Read The Documentation! ###
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Then there are the countless others who take to Hacker News to complain about software they often don’t understand, quite often because they haven’t bothered to read the documentation. I completely get that great software should be approachable, and great products, generally, should be somewhat self-explanatory.
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But much of the best open-source software can be complex to run, at least, at scale. If the software isn't working for someone, it's not obvious that the software is the problem. Vlad Mihalcea, founder of the Struts open-source framework, nails this, [arguing][4] that “if there is someone to blame, it’s usually us” as much of the available open-source software tends to be high-quality code.
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What it isn’t, he goes on to argue, is a free lunch in terms of a learning curve. Any software, whether open source or proprietary, requires some investment in learning how to be productive with it. As he notes of Hibernate and other open-source technologies, “If you want to employ them [successfully], be prepared to learn a lot. There is no other way.”
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This won’t resonate with the hacker crowd whose first instinct is to complain when software doesn’t work the way they want, even if it wasn’t designed to do what they want it to do. But it’s true, all the same.
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### Healthcare.gov Vs. Gov.UK ###
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Just look at the Healthcare.gov debacle for proof. Recently NoSQL database vendor MarkLogic has been [taking bullets][5] over its alleged role in Healthcare.gov’s many technical problems. [Some have gone so far as to argue][6] that NoSQL databases, in general, are faulty because of the Healthcare.gov debacle.
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This is stupid.
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MarkLogic is a fine database. While not perfect, it’s silly to blame Healthcare.gov’s problems on this legacy database. Code isn’t the primary problem.
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As [I’ve argued][7], Healthcare.gov’s problems aren’t really about code, but instead about process. For proof, look no further than Healthcare.gov’s British peer, Gov.UK, [which credits NoSQL technologies][8] as a significant reasons for its success.
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The difference isn’t in the code the two websites used, but rather their respective approaches: Gov.UK is iterative, agile. Healthcare.gov is top-down, waterfall.
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### A Poor Craftsman Blames Her Tools ###
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Open source invites criticism by laying bare its strengths and weaknesses in a way proprietary software never did. Developers today have a level of accessibility to the code they use that previous generations of developers lacked, with a megaphone (the Internet) that allows them to broadcast complaints about that code.
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But let’s not lose sight of just how blessed we are to have this code, or forget our obligation to apply it appropriately in order to be successful. In other words, read the documentation before you complain that open-source software doesn’t “work.” More often than not, it works just fine, but not for the ill-conceived purpose you have in mind.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://readwrite.com/2013/11/26/are-open-source-developers-too-demanding#awesm=~ooy2qPfuR2PvIx
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://readwrite.com/2013/11/26/%E2%80%9Chttp://www.hipyoungstartup.com/2013/11/we-should-ditch-nginx/%E2%80%9C
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[2]:https://twitter.com/bloudermilk
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[3]:http://www.hipyoungstartup.com/2013/11/we-should-ditch-nginx/#comment-17
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[4]:http://readwrite.com/2013/11/26/%E2%80%9Chttp://java.dzone.com/articles/why-i-never-blame-open-source%E2%80%9D
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[5]:http://gigaom.com/2013/11/25/how-the-use-of-a-nosql-database-played-a-role-in-the-healthcare-gov-snafu/
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[6]:http://developers.slashdot.org/story/13/11/24/1437203/nyt-healthcaregov-project-chaos-due-partly-to-unorthodox-database-choice
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[7]:http://readwrite.com/2013/11/04/sorry-open-source-isnt-the-panacea-for-healthcaregov#awesm=~oojDQ8fiVXrjGP
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[8]:http://digital.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/colophon-beta/
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Insights into top 3 IT skill groups in highest demand
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================================================================================
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According to our [IT skill sets][1] research, IT skills required by employers of Linux talent can be classified into relatively independent groups. This article focuses on the top three groups of IT skills that were in the highest demand in the last quarter (Jul-Sep 2013) and refer to job advertisements in selected countries, including USA. It turns out that these three groups of IT skills can be linked with Linux related job categories.
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It seems that in the last quarter Embedded Devices Developers related skills were in the highest demand by employers of Linux professionals. The second and third skill groups refer to Virtualization Engineering and LAMP Administrator job opportunities, respectively. This article discusses skill requirements for these three types of job listings and provides insights into the dependency structure of pairs of IT skills within the analyzed three groups of skills.
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> If you have not read our [IT Skill Sets][1] article it is recommended to familiarize yourself with this article before you start reading the content below. This article is based on the material presented previously in [IT Skill Sets][1], which explains in detail the methodology used in this study.
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### October 2013 update to IT skills classification ###
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In the IT skill sets article, LinuxCareer.com analyzed the Linux job listings for the period between May and the end of June 2013. We have brought this classification up to date by considering the period of July until the end of September 2013. The percentage of Linux job ads corresponding to ten relatively independent groups of IT skills is displayed in the above bar chart[1]. The following link to the [IT Classification][2] diagram shows how this bar chart was devised based on the classifications. The top three IT skill groups in highest demand are: Embedded Devices Developers with 27% of Linux job market share; Virtualization Engineers with 20% of Linux job market share; and LAMP Administrators with 12% of Linux job market share. In the next three sections of this article we will focus on the identified top 3 IT skill groups and discuss in detail relationships between pairs of skills. For instance, MySQL and PHP are strongly linked and usually required in tandem by employers. Note also that knowledge of Linux is required in every job advertisement taken into account in the study conducted by LinuxCareer.com.
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### Embedded Devices Developers and Programmers ###
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The first set of skills in the highest demand are skills relevant to Embedded Devices Developers and Programmers. Dependency chart[2] below shows more detail pertaining to relationships between pairs of skills. Specifically, it shows which pairs of skills are most likely to appear together in Linux related job advertisements. For instance, Embedded links strongly to C/C++/C#, which is visualized in the graph by either darker shade of a rectangle in the lower part of the graph or larger portion of the corresponding circles shaded in the upper portion of the graph.
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In general, this group of skills can be further split into three segments. These are:
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1. **Android, Embedded, C/C++/C# and Java**. This is the core of the skills you need to know if you would like to work in development of embedded devices. It is possible that either C/C++/C# or Java is required by employers, since Java is based to some extend on C/C++/C#. If you have a look at the October’s IT Skills Watch, Java leads as a programming language with the score of 9513 compared with the C/C++/C# score of 5403. Therefore, in general, if you stand before a choice between mastering of C/C++/C# or Java, Java seems to be a better choice. However, according to the graph below, C/C++/C# seems to appear more frequently in the advertisements relevant to Embedded devices. This suggests that, even though Java gets a higher general score in IT Skills Watch, mastering of C/C++/C# rather than Java is required for Embedded Devices Developer positions.
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1.** Python, Perl and Bash**. These set of skills are a complementary set of programming and scripting skills. Perl and Python seem to appear often together in job advertisements, however, it is reasonable to assume that these two skills are required alternatively.
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1. **Git, Subversion and Jira**. These skills pertain to source code management, debugging and project management. Some knowledge of these skills is certainly an advantage to programming related projects. Currently, the majority of open source development projects and a large number of corporate projects use such software to manage their source code.
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### Virtualization Engineers including skills related to data storage and management ###
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The second group of skills that are currently in demand are the group of skills relating to job advertisements relevant to Virtualization Engineering job opportunities as illustrated in the dependency chart[2] below. This group can be further divided into two segments. The first segment of skills is Redhat, VMware, vSphere, ESX/ESXi, XenServer and Citrix. These skills are paramount for Virtualization Engineering job opportunities. The second segment of skills are skills relevant to Unix Systems, Data Storage and Management. It appears that these two segments are closely related. It is not a surprise that VMware comes together with ESX/ESXi and vSphere since ESX/ESXi is a computer virtualization product offered by VMware and vSphere is VMware’s cloud computing virtualization operating system. It is also interesting that Redhat has been grouped with VMware and Citrix products. The strong relation of Solaris and AIX could be a consequence of the fact that they are both proprietary Unix Systems and possibly knowledge of either one of them is sufficient.
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### LAMP Administrators ###
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Finally, the third group of skills is the type of skills required by employers of LAMP administrators exhibited in the dependency chart[2] below. LAMP stands for Linux Apache MySQL and PHP. All these skills are a core for a LAMP administrator. This is a relatively small group of skills that can take you far in your Linux career. In particular, the strong relation of PHP and MySQL suggests that one of these skills cannot come without the other.
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### Conclusion ###
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In terms of employability and groups of skills relevant to Linux professionals, this article has identified two important points. The first point shows ten groups of IT skills that were identified by clustering analysis of the most frequently appearing IT skills. The second point of this article shows that the highest demand exists for Embedded Devices and Programmers positions as indicated in the Percentage of Linux job ads linked with corresponding skill groups bar chart. This is followed by job advertisements relevant to Virtualisation Engineering positions and LAMP administrator positions. These three skill groups are core Linux related professions in the last quarter analyzed.
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### References ###
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[1] Percentage of Linux job ads linked with corresponding skill groups created by [GNU R][3]. Relevant package: graphics.
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[2] Dependency charts created by [GNU R][3]. Relevant package: corrgram.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.linuxcareer.com/insights-into-top-3-it-skills-groups-in-highest-demand
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://www.linuxcareer.com/it-skill-sets
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[2]:http://www.linuxcareer.com/images/Linux_jobs_classification_jul_oct_2013.png
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[3]:http://www.r-project.org/
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Linux chief: ‘Open source is safer, and Linux is more secure than any other OS
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================================================================================
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In an interview with Linux Foundation executive director Jim Zemlin, VentureBeat got a bird’s-eye view of the future of the open-source operating system for 2014.
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We also addressed the controversial issues of government spying and “backdoors” — those nefarious windows into our personal online lives that the public recently discovered in most of the services we use every day.
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Zemlin gave us the skinny on how and why GNU/Linux remains the most secure option for concerned consumers — and why it’s becoming the OS of choice for powering cars, phones, TVs, and all kinds of emerging devices.
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Here’s our e-mail transcript in a bare-naked Q&A format.
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----------
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**VentureBeat: Security and privacy has been the hottest topic this year, bar none. We’ve heard rumors that Linus [Torvalds, Linux creator] OK’d a Linux backdoor for the government.**
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**Zemlin**: If there were a backdoor in Linux, you’d know it.
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The whole world can see every line of code in Linux. This is one of the reasons Linux is more secure than other operating systems and why open-source software overall is a safer than closed software. The transparency of the code ensures it’s secure.
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And for the record: He wasn’t approached.
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**VentureBeat: How committed is the foundation to preserving Linux users’ privacy and freedom from tracking/surveillance?**
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**Zemlin**: As committed as we have always been. It’s very difficult to insert something into the kernel that would violate privacy and freedom without thousands of developers noticing. The nature of Linux is that it’s self-policing.
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**VentureBeat: Do you think there’s any chance that this year’s privacy/security/surveillance issues has driven or will drive more consumers toward Linux?**
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**Zemlin**: Around the world, I am hearing people say, “Using open source is a critical to ensure privacy.” So yes, I think that will drive more users people to Linux.
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I also think more consumers are being driven toward Linux for a variety of reasons, in addition to the confidence and trust they have about privacy and security related to the platform. The transparency of the code and development process gives increasingly knowledgeable and aware consumers an option they feel good about.
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[Video game publisher] Valve and [its work on SteamOS][1] is driving more consumers to Linux, as is the ongoing dominance of Android and other consumer devices that run Linux — from televisions to appliances, cars, and more.
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**VentureBeat: Do you have any thoughts on the Ubuntu Edge for phones? Where do you see the market for Linux/Ubuntu phones going in 2014-2015?**
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**Zemlin**: I like seeing potentially interesting new products go to market, especially when they’re Linux-based. It is hard to predict what product will produce a big hit in the phone market from year to year.
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I don’t think it is a stretch to predict phones based on Linux will dominate. Android, Tizen, Ubuntu, Firefox, and more show that Linux can drive innovation in the mobile market and create new experiences for consumers and market opportunities for developers and OEMs.
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What’s exciting about the year ahead, and what I’ll be watching, is how Linux and open source will help connect all of these devices, objects, and services together.
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**VentureBeat: What’s the most exciting use case you’ve seen so far for Linux embedded in automobile systems?**
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**Zemlin**: No question it’s the in-vehicle-infotainment systems being built by Cadillac, Tesla, Toyota, Jaguar, Land Rover, and others.
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For example, the Tesla Model S, which won the Motor Trend Car of the Year [honor] in 2013, features a 17-inch flat-screen computer running a custom-built Linux OS. This is really, really cool stuff.
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And the 2014 Motor Trend Car of the Year was just revealed — the Cadillac CTS sedan — and it also uses Linux for its in-vehicle-infotainment system. Car makers are able to innovate and differentiate with these systems using Linux.
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The success of Linux here can be seen in the latest numbers from IHS Automotive, which reported this month that sales of automotive Linux are expected to rise to 53.7 million units in 2020, passing Microsoft and Blackberry QNX in the global automotive infotainment market.
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The Linux Foundation does a lot of work in this area with its Automotive Grade Linux workgroup. By hosting a neutral, supportive environment among the Linux kernel community, other open-source communities, and the automotive industry, we’re able to help advance automotive Linux technologies among some of the world’s largest automakers including Nissan, Jaguar, Land Rover, Toyota, and more.
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**VentureBeat: How is Linux growing beyond the hardcore developer market, especially with regard to consumers and gamers?**
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**Zemlin**: This year has been a turning a point for Linux with gamers for sure. Valve, the gaming company behind the Steam web platform for Linux, builds and runs all of its source code and animation on Linux. Valve’s CEO Gabe Newell reported at LinuxCon this year that they’re running 198 games on Linux, and with the introduction of the Linux-based Steam, that number will only continue to go up. This is the beginning of a new trend for Linux and gaming.
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Consumers use Linux every day. It is the software that runs our lives. Companies like Google, Facebook, and Twitter are built on Linux and open-source software. At our LinuxCon Europe conference in October, Twitter’s Chris Aniszczyk told the audience: “Twitter is of course all running on Linux. Why would you need anything else?”
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Linux now powers the 1.3 million Android phones that are activated daily, and most of the nearly 600,000 new TVs sold every day. New appliances and cars are being built with Linux. Major transportation systems use the operating system. The superpopular [GoPro uses Linux and open source][2]. The examples are endless.
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And Linux and open source will just keep reaching more into mainstream consumer life. Samsung uses the Linux kernel and Linux-based products throughout its product line, from TVs to phones to home appliances and more.
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Stay tuned — you’ll see more coming that illustrates the growing role of Linux and open source software and collaborative development in everyday life.
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**VentureBeat: What are the biggest opportunities for free and open-source software in 2014, in your opinion?**
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**Zemlin**: We’ve talked about gaming and consumer devices, but the enterprise continues to present even more opportunity for Linux. The rise of cloud computing is creating new challenges for developers and new opportunities for growth. Try to find a public cloud that’s not running Linux.
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The realization of years of promise in software defined networking will be one of the major stories of 2014. People don’t appreciate how big software defined networking and network function virtualization will become. Think about it. Billions of dollars are spent on hardware based switches, routers, load balancers, firewalls, etc.; this is all being abstracted into software. More importantly it is being abstracted via open source software in the sweet spot for OSS which is at this infrastructure layer. I think you’ll see projects like OpenDaylight and others have a big breakout year in 2014.
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Of course, this is all part of a broader trend towards collaborative development, which should be of interest to your readers. I’d predict that in another decade nearly all of infrastructure software will be built collaboratively. Developers in 2014 need to learn how to build software collaboratively and how to work on and contribute to open source software projects. Their career opportunities will be endless if they understand the principles of collaborative development and open source software.
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It’s a thrilling time to be involved in Linux. It’s become the de facto platform to go to for everything from smart watches to TVs to automobiles, you name it.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://venturebeat.com/2013/11/26/linux-chief-open-source-is-safer-and-linux-is-more-secure-than-any-other-os-exclusive/
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://venturebeat.com/2013/09/23/steamos-valves-linux-based-operating-system-for-the-tv-and-living-room/
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[2]:http://gopro.com/support/open-source
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@ -7,17 +7,13 @@ The top command in Linux displays the running processes on the system. One of th
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First of all, let us understand what the output says. Top command displays a lot of information about the running system. But we need to under stand the meaning of different sections of this output:
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Running by default, the top command displays output like this:
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*Top default display*
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First few lines are horizontal showing summary about different system parameters, and following these are the processes and their attributes in columns.
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#### 1.1 Uptime and Load Averages: ####
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*Uptime display*
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At the top of top command is displayed the output similar to uptime command.
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@ -32,17 +28,13 @@ This uptime display can be toggled with ‘l’ command.
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#### 1.2 Tasks: ####
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*Task summary*
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The second line shows summary of tasks or processes. The processes can be in different states. It shows total number of the processes. Out of these, the processes can be running, sleeping, stopped or in zombie (zombie is the state of a process state, These process summary can be toggled with ‘t’ command.
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#### 1.3 CPU States: ####
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*CPU status display*
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Next is shown the CPU state. Here, %age of CPU time in different modes is shown. The meaning of different CPU times are:
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#### 1.4 Memory Usage: ####
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*Memory usage*
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Next two lines show memory usage, somewhat like ‘free’ command. 1st of these lines is for physical memory and the second for virtual memory (swap space).
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@ -70,9 +60,7 @@ The memory can be toggled with ‘m’ command.
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#### 1.5 Fields/Columns: ####
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*Top columns*
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After these horizontal system properties and states, the processes are shown in columns. The different columns represent different properties discussed below.
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@ -130,9 +118,7 @@ We discussed earlier that the top command is interactive commands. Some of the c
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First of all, you can press ‘h’ or ‘?’ to display the help menu for interactive commands.
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*Help options*
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#### 2.2 ‘<ENTER>’ or ‘<SPACE>’: Refresh Display ####
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@ -149,59 +135,41 @@ This command switches between full-screen Mode and alternate-display mode. In al
|
||||
|
||||
Each of the 4 field groups has a unique separately configurable summary area and its own configurable task area. Only one of these 4 windows will be the current window. The current window is displayed on the top left corner.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*Alternative display mode*
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
You can switch between 4 windows with ‘a’ and ‘w’ keys. ‘a’ moves to next and ‘w’ to previous window. With ‘g’ command, you can enter a number to select the current window.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*Window selection in alternative display*
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2.4 B: Toggle Bold Display ####
|
||||
|
||||
Some important information is shown in bold characters. This command toggles use of bold.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*Bold off*
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2.5 ‘d’ or ‘s’: Set Display Time interval ####
|
||||
|
||||
When ‘d’ or ‘s’ is pressed, you will be prompted to enter a value ( in seconds ) which will be set as display interval. If you enter 1 here, top will refresh every second.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*Display time interval*
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2.6 ‘l’, ‘t’, ‘m’: Toggle Load, Task, Memory Info ####
|
||||
|
||||
These will toggle load average, task/cpu status and mem info respectively as discussed.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*Load average off*
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*CPU summary off*
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*Memory and swap usage off*
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*All three displays off*
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2.7 ‘f’: Field Management ####
|
||||
|
||||
This is used to chose what field you want to display on the output screen. The fields marked as * are selected.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*Managing columns*
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
‘<’ and ‘>’
|
||||
The ‘<’ command moves the sorted field to the left and ‘>’ to the right
|
||||
@ -214,39 +182,29 @@ Toggle Reverse/Normal sort order
|
||||
|
||||
Toggle full path of command that started the process and program name.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*Full command path*
|
||||
|
||||
2.10 ‘i’: Idle Tasks
|
||||
#### 2.10 ‘i’: Idle Tasks ####
|
||||
|
||||
Toggle idle tasks.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*Idle task display off*
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2.11 ‘V’: Forest View ####
|
||||
|
||||
Toggle forest view mode.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*Forest view of tasks*
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2.12 ‘Z’: Change color map ####
|
||||
|
||||
Pressing the ‘Z’ key takes the user to a screen where the display color can be changed for top command. There are 8 task areas to chose from and 8 colors.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*Customizing colors*
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
The below screen shows full colored top view with all 4 screens on.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*Colored display*
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2.13 ‘z’: Toggle Color ####
|
||||
|
||||
@ -256,35 +214,27 @@ Toggle color, i.e. turn on or off the colored display.
|
||||
|
||||
Toggle highlights: ‘x’ sort field; ‘y’ running tasks. Depending upon your display settings, You might have to make the output colored in order to notice these highlights.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*X and Y highlighted*
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2.15 ‘u’: Processes of a User ####
|
||||
|
||||
Show processes for a particular user. You are prompted to enter the username. Blank will show for all users.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*Processes of 'raghu' user*
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2.16 ‘n’ or ‘#’: Number of tasks ####
|
||||
|
||||
Set maximum number of tasks displayed.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*Setting number of tasks displayed*
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2.17 ‘k’: Kill tasks ####
|
||||
|
||||
One of the most important commands of top. Used to send signals to tasks (Usually kill tasks).
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*Killing a task*
|
||||
|
||||
2.18 ‘r’: Renice
|
||||
#### 2.18 ‘r’: Renice ####
|
||||
|
||||
Renice a task to change the scheduling priority.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -324,7 +274,7 @@ will exit top automatically after 3 outputs.
|
||||
|
||||
You can specify what PIDs you want to monitor with -p option. PID value 0 will be treated as process ID of top command itself.
|
||||
|
||||
3.7 -u or -U: username or UID
|
||||
#### 3.7 -u or -U: username or UID ####
|
||||
|
||||
The process of a particular user can be viewed with these options. Username or UID can be specified to the option. The -p, -u and -U options are mutually exclusive. Only one of the options can be used at a time. You get error when you try to use any combination of these options:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user