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[#]: subject: "How to Find Systemd or Any Other init System in Linux"
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[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/systemd-or-init/"
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[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: "geekpi"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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How to Find Systemd or Any Other init System in Linux
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======
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**Here’s how you can determine if you are running systems or any other init system in your Linux distribution.**
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The first process, which starts when you boot up your Linux distribution, is called init (short for initialization). It has the process identifier 1 (i.e. pid=1). All the processes and applications in your Unix-based system are direct descendants of this init process.
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Based on functionality and features, different types of init processes are present. For example, [systemd][1], Runit, OpenRC, sysVinit, etc. Among those, the systemd is the most popular and modern one, which is used and adopted by all the modern Linux distributions, including Ubuntu and Fedora.
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There are ongoing debates about Systemd and its performance compared to the traditional Unix-based init systems. But that’s a topic for another article.
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let’s find out how you can determine whether you are running a systemd or any other init system in your Linux distribution.
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### Systemd or what init system?
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Unfortunately, there’s no direct command to find it out. You can trace it back from the init process id=1, which is basically a symbolic link to `/sbin/init` i.e. pid=1.
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Use `[strings][2]` command to print the text embedded in the binary file `/sbin/init` & search for init with the following command.
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```
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strings /sbin/init | grep init
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```
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**Example 1**: In this below output where it’s a sysVinit system running Debian (via Peppermint OS). As you can see, it clearly shows the init process name.
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```
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strings /sbin/init | grep init
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```
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![example showing the init is used and not systemd][3]
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If you find systemd in the same above system, there won’t be any entries. Hence you can conclude that you are running sysvinit and not systemd.
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**Example 2**: If you run the above command in a systemd system, you can easily see the systemd and its version at the first line of the output.
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```
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strings /sbin/init | grep systemd
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```
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![example showing it uses systemd][4]
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**Example 3**: You can also try to print the process tree using `pstree` command, which should show you the first process name. It should be either systemd or init, as shown in the below example.
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```
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pstree
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```
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![pstree is showing systemd is used][5]
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![pstree is showing init is used][6]
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That’s it. This is how you can easily find out whether your distro uses systemd or something else.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.debugpoint.com/systemd-or-init/
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作者：[Arindam][a]
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选题：[lkxed][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
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[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
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[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/tag/systemd
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[2]: https://linux.die.net/man/1/strings
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[3]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/example-showing-the-init-is-used-and-not-systemd.jpg
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[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/example-showing-it-uses-systemd.jpg
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[5]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/pstree-is-showing-systemd-is-used.jpg
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[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/pstree-is-showing-init-is-used.jpg
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@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
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[#]: subject: "How to Find Systemd or Any Other init System in Linux"
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[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/systemd-or-init/"
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[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: "geekpi"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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如何在 Linux 中查找 Systemd 或任何其他 init 系统
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======
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**你可以通过以下方式确定你的 Linux 发行版中是否正在运行系统或任何其他 init 系统。**
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第一个进程在你启动 Linux 发行版时开始，称为 init（初始化的缩写）。它的进程标识符为 1（即 pid=1）。基于 Unix 的系统中的所有进程和应用程序都是这个 init 进程的直接后代。
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根据功能和特性，存在不同类型的初始化进程。例如，[systemd][1]、Runit、OpenRC、sysVinit 等。其中，systemd 是最流行和最现代的一种，被包括 Ubuntu 和 Fedora 在内的所有现代 Linux 发行版使用和采用。
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与传统的基于 Unix 的 init 系统相比，Systemd 及其性能一直存在争议。但这是另一篇文章的主题。
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让我们看看如何确定在 Linux 发行版中运行的是 systemd 还是任何其他 init 系统。
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### systemd 还是什么 init 系统？
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不幸的是，没有直接的命令可以找到它。你可以从初始化进程 id=1 追溯它，它基本上是到 `/sbin/init` 的符号链接，即 pid=1。
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使用 `[strings][2]` 命令打印嵌入在二进制文件 `/sbin/init` 中的文本并使用以下命令搜索 init。
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```
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strings /sbin/init | grep init
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```
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**示例 1**：在下面的输出中，它是一个运行 Debian（通过 Peppermint OS）的 sysVinit 系统。如你所见，它清楚地显示了 init 进程名称。
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```
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strings /sbin/init | grep init
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```
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![显示使用 init 而不是 systemd 的示例][3]
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如果在上述同一个系统中找到 systemd，那么不会有任何条目。因此，你可以得出结论，你正在运行 sysvinit 而不是 systemd。
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**示例 2**：如果你在 systemd 系统中运行上述命令，你可以在输出的第一行轻松看到 systemd 及其版本。
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```
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strings /sbin/init | grep systemd
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```
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![显示它使用 systemd 的示例][4]
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**示例 3**：你也可以尝试使用 `pstree` 命令打印进程树，它应该会显示第一个进程名称。它应该是 systemd 或 init，如下例所示。
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```
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pstree
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```
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![pstree 显示使用 systemd][5]
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![pstree 显示使用 init][6]
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这就好了。这样你就可以轻松找出你的发行版是使用 systemd 还是其他的。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.debugpoint.com/systemd-or-init/
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作者：[Arindam][a]
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选题：[lkxed][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
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[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
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[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/tag/systemd
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[2]: https://linux.die.net/man/1/strings
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[3]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/example-showing-the-init-is-used-and-not-systemd.jpg
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[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/example-showing-it-uses-systemd.jpg
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[5]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/pstree-is-showing-systemd-is-used.jpg
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[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/pstree-is-showing-init-is-used.jpg
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