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sources/tech/20220524 How to Install KVM on Ubuntu 22.04 -Jammy Jellyfish-.md
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[#]: subject: "How to Install KVM on Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy Jellyfish)"
[#]: via: "https://www.linuxtechi.com/how-to-install-kvm-on-ubuntu-22-04/"
[#]: author: "James Kiarie https://www.linuxtechi.com/author/james/"
[#]: collector: "lkxed"
[#]: translator: "turbokernel"
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
How to Install KVM on Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy Jellyfish)
======
KVM, an acronym for Kernel-based Virtual Machine is an opensource virtualization technology integrated into the Linux kernel. It’s a type 1 (bare metal ) hypervisor that enables the kernel to act as a bare-metal hypervisor.
KVM allows users to create and run multiple guest machines which can be either Windows or Linux. Each guest machine runs independently of other virtual machines and the underlying OS ( host system ) and has its own computing resources such as CPU, RAM, network interfaces, and storage to mention a few.
This guide shows you how to install KVM on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish). At the tail end of this guide, we will demonstrate how you can create a virtual machine once the installation of KVM is complete.
### 1) Update Ubuntu 22.04
To get off the ground, launch the terminal and update your local package index as follows.
```
$ sudo apt update
```
### 2) Check if Virtualization is enabled
Before you proceed any further, you need to check if your CPU supports KVM virtualization. For this to be possible, your system needs to either have a VT-x( vmx ) Intel processor or an AMD-V (svm) processor.
This is achieved by running the following command. if the output is greater than 0, then virtualization is enabled. Otherwise, virtualization is disabled and you need to enable it.
```
$ egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo
```
![SVM-VMX-Flags-Cpuinfo-linux][1]
From the above output, you can deduce that virtualization is enabled since the result printed is greater than 0. If Virtualization is not enabled, be sure to enable the virtualization feature in your system’s BIOS settings.
In addition, you can verify if KVM virtualization is enabled by running the following command:
```
$ kvm-ok
```
For this to work, you need to have installed the cpu-checker package, otherwise, you will bump into the error ‘Command ‘kvm-ok’ not found’.
Directly below, you will get instructions on how to resolve this issue, and that is to install the cpu-checker package.
![KVM-OK-Command-Not-Found-Ubuntu][2]
Therefore, install the cpu-checker package as follows.
```
$ sudo apt install -y cpu-checker
```
Then run the kvm-ok command, and if KVM virtualization is enabled, you should get the following output.
```
$ kvm-ok
```
![KVM-OK-Command-Output][3]
### 3) Install KVM on Ubuntu 22.04
Next, run the command below to install KVM and additional virtualization packages on Ubuntu 22.04.
```
$ sudo apt install -y qemu-kvm virt-manager libvirt-daemon-system virtinst libvirt-clients bridge-utils
```
Let us break down the packages that we are installing:
* qemu-kvm  – An opensource emulator and virtualization package that provides hardware emulation.
* virt-manager – A Qt-based graphical interface for managing virtual machines via the libvirt daemon.
* libvirt-daemon-system – A package that provides configuration files required to run the libvirt daemon.
* virtinst – A  set of command-line utilities for provisioning and modifying virtual machines.
* libvirt-clients – A set of client-side libraries and APIs for managing and controlling virtual machines & hypervisors from the command line.
* bridge-utils – A set of tools for creating and managing bridge devices.
###  4) Enable the virtualization daemon (libvirtd)
With all the packages installed, enable and start the Libvirt daemon.
```
$ sudo systemctl enable --now libvirtd
$ sudo systemctl start libvirtd
```
Confirm that the virtualization daemon is running as shown.
```
$ sudo systemctl status libvirtd
```
![Libvirtd-Status-Ubuntu-Linux][4]
In addition, you need to add the currently logged-in user to the kvm and libvirt groups so that they can create and manage virtual machines.
```
$ sudo usermod -aG kvm $USER
$ sudo usermod -aG libvirt $USER
```
The $USER environment variable points to the name of the currently logged-in user.  To apply this change, you need to log out and log back again.
### 5) Create Network Bridge (br0)
If you are planning to access KVM virtual machines outside from your Ubuntu 22.04 system, then you must map VM’s interface to a network bridge. Though a virtual bridge named virbr0, created automatically when KVM is installed but it is used for testing purposes.
To create a network bridge, create the file ‘01-netcfg.yaml’ with following content under the folder /etc/netplan.
```
$ sudo vi /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
network:
  ethernets:
    enp0s3:
      dhcp4: false
      dhcp6: false
  # add configuration for bridge interface
  bridges:
    br0:
      interfaces: [enp0s3]
      dhcp4: false
      addresses: [192.168.1.162/24]
      macaddress: 08:00:27:4b:1d:45
      routes:
        - to: default
          via: 192.168.1.1
          metric: 100
      nameservers:
        addresses: [4.2.2.2]
      parameters:
        stp: false
      dhcp6: false
  version: 2
```
save and exit the file.
Note: These details as per my setup, so replace the IP address entries, interface name and mac address as per your setup.
To apply above change, run ‘netplan apply’
```
$ sudo netplan apply
```
Verify the network bridge ‘br0’, run below ip command
```
$ ip add show
```
![Network-Bridge-br0-ubuntu-linux][5]
### 6) Launch KVM Virtual Machines Manager
With KVM installed, you can begin creating your virtual machines using the virt-manager GUI tool. To get started, use the GNOME search utility and search for ‘Virtual machine Manager’.
Click on the icon that pops up.
![Access-Virtual-Machine-Manager-Ubuntu-Linux][6]
This launches the Virtual Machine Manager Interface.
![Virtual-Machine-Manager-Interface-Ubuntu-Linux][7]
Click on “File” then select “New Virtual Machine”. Alternatively, you can click on the button shown.
![New-Virtual-Machine-Icon-Virt-Manager][8]
This pops open the virtual machine installation wizard which presents you with the following four options:
* Local install Media ( ISO image or CDROM )
* Network Install ( HTTP, HTTPS, and FTP )
* Import existing disk image
* Manual Install
In this guide, we have downloaded a Debian 11 ISO image, and therefore, if you have an ISO image, select the first option and click ‘Forward’.
![Local-Install-Media-ISO-Virt-Manager][9]
In the next step, click ‘Browse’ to navigate to the location of the ISO image,
![Browse-ISO-File-Virt-Manager-Ubuntu-Linux][10]
In the next window, click ‘Browse local’ in order to select the ISO image from the local directories on your Linux PC.
![Browse-Local-ISO-Virt-Manager][11]
As demonstrated below, we have selected the Debian 11 ISO image. Then click ‘Open’
![Choose-ISO-File-Virt-Manager][12]
Once the ISO image is selected, click ‘Forward’ to proceed to the next step.
![Forward-after-browsing-iso-file-virt-manager][13]
Next, define the RAM and the number of CPU cores for your virtual machine and click ‘Forward’.
![Virtual-Machine-RAM-CPU-Virt-Manager][14]
In the next step, define the disk space for your virtual machine and click ‘Forward’.
![Storage-for-Virtual-Machine-KVM-Virt-Manager][15]
To associate virtual machine’s nic to network bridge, click on ‘Network selection’ and choose br0 bridge.
![Network-Selection-KVM-Virtual-Machine-Virt-Manager][16]
Finally, click ‘Finish’ to wind up setting the virtual machine.
![Choose-Finish-to-OS-Installation-KVM-VM][17]
Shortly afterward, the virtual machine creation will get underway.
![Creating-Domain-Virtual-Machine-Virt-Manager][18]
Once completed, the virtual machine will start with the OS installer displayed. Below is the Debian 11 installer listing the options for installation. From here, you can proceed to install your preferred system.
![Virtual-Machine-Console-Virt-Manager][19]
##### Conclusion
And that’s it. In this guide, we have demonstrated how you can install the KVM hypervisor on Ubuntu 22.04. Your feedback on this guide is much welcome.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.linuxtechi.com/how-to-install-kvm-on-ubuntu-22-04/
作者：[James Kiarie][a]
选题：[lkxed][b]
译者：[turbokernel](https://github.com/turbokernel)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/author/james/
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
[1]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/SVM-VMX-Flags-Cpuinfo-linux.png
[2]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/KVM-OK-Command-Not-Found-Ubuntu.png
[3]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/KVM-OK-Command-Output.png
[4]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Libvirtd-Status-Ubuntu-Linux.png
[5]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Network-Bridge-br0-ubuntu-linux.png
[6]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Access-Virtual-Machine-Manager-Ubuntu-Linux.png
[7]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Virtual-Machine-Manager-Interface-Ubuntu-Linux.png
[8]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/New-Virtual-Machine-Icon-Virt-Manager.png
[9]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Local-Install-Media-ISO-Virt-Manager.png
[10]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Browse-ISO-File-Virt-Manager-Ubuntu-Linux.png
[11]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Browse-Local-ISO-Virt-Manager.png
[12]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Choose-ISO-File-Virt-Manager.png
[13]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Forward-after-browsing-iso-file-virt-manager.png
[14]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Virtual-Machine-RAM-CPU-Virt-Manager.png
[15]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Storage-for-Virtual-Machine-KVM-Virt-Manager.png
[16]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Network-Selection-KVM-Virtual-Machine-Virt-Manager.png
[17]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Choose-Finish-to-OS-Installation-KVM-VM.png
[18]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Creating-Domain-Virtual-Machine-Virt-Manager.png
[19]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Virtual-Machine-Console-Virt-Manager.png

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@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
[#]: subject: "How to Install KVM on Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy Jellyfish)"
[#]: via: "https://www.linuxtechi.com/how-to-install-kvm-on-ubuntu-22-04/"
[#]: author: "James Kiarie https://www.linuxtechi.com/author/james/"
[#]: collector: "lkxed"
[#]: translator: "turbokernel"
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy Jellyfish) 之 KVM 安装手札
======
**KVM** 是 **Kernel-based Virtual Machine** 首字母缩写，一项嵌入内核的开源虚拟化技术。其属于标准的基于内核的裸设备虚拟化引擎。
在 **KVM** 之上可以运行 Windows 和 Liunx 虚拟机。每个虚拟机之间相互独立并独享 CPU、内存、网络设备、存储设备等相关资源。
本文将介绍在 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish) 中如何安装 **KVM** 。在文末，我们也将演示在安装 **KVM** 完成之后如何创建虚拟机。
### 1) 更新 Ubuntu 22.04
在一切开始前，打开终端并通过如下命令更新更新apt软件包索引：
```
$ sudo apt update
```
### 2) 检查虚拟化是否开启
首先需要检查您的CPU是否支持 KVM 虚拟化。确保您系统中安装了 Intel 处理器 VT-x( vmx ) 或 AMD AMD-V (svm) 处理器。
您可以通过运行如下命令，根据返回的结果是否大于0判断虚拟化是否启用。如果返回值等于0，则表示虚拟化已禁用，您需要先启用虚拟化。
```
$ egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo
```
![SVM-VMX-Flags-Cpuinfo-linux][1]
根据上方命令输出，您通过返回值是否大于0判断虚拟化环境启用与否。如果虚拟化未启用，请在BIOS设置中将其开启。
另外，您可以通过如下命令判断 KVM 虚拟化是否已经在运行：
```
$ kvm-ok
```
请确保您已经安装了 cpu-checker 软件包，否则将提示未找到该命令的报错。
关于此类问题的解决方案以及 cp-checker 软件包的安装，您可以参考如下：
![KVM-OK-Command-Not-Found-Ubuntu][2]
随后，通过如下命令安装 cpu-checker 软件包：
```
$ sudo apt install -y cpu-checker
```
接着运行 kvm-ok 命令，如果 KVM 已经启动，您将看到如下输出：
```
$ kvm-ok
```
![KVM-OK-Command-Output][3]
### 3) 在 Ubuntu 22.04 上安装 KVM
随后，通过如下命令在 Ubuntu 22.04 中安装 KVM 以及其他相关虚拟化软件包：
```
$ sudo apt install -y qemu-kvm virt-manager libvirt-daemon-system virtinst libvirt-clients bridge-utils
```
为您解释下刚刚安装了哪些软件包：
* qemu-kvm – 一款开源模拟器，为虚拟化安装包提供硬件模拟的支持
* virt-manager – 一款基于 **QT** 和 **libvirt** 的图形的 libvirt 虚拟机管理工具
* libvirt-daemon-system – 一款为运行 libvirt 进程提供必要配置文件的工具
* virtinst – 一套为置备和修改虚拟机提供的命令行工具
* libvirt-clients – 一套提供管理和控制虚拟机以及虚拟化引擎的客户端侧库和API命令行工具
* bridge-utils – 一套用于创建和管理桥接设备的工具
### 4) 启用虚拟化守护进程 (libvirtd)
在所有软件包安装完毕之后，通过如下命令 启用并启动 Libvirt 守护进程：
```
$ sudo systemctl enable --now libvirtd
$ sudo systemctl start libvirtd
```
您可以通过如下命令验证虚拟化守护进程是否已经运行：
```
$ sudo systemctl status libvirtd
```
![Libvirtd-Status-Ubuntu-Linux][4]
另外，请将当前登录用户加入 kvm 和 libvirt 用户组，以便能够创建和管理虚拟机。
```
$ sudo usermod -aG kvm $USER
$ sudo usermod -aG libvirt $USER
```
$USER 环境变量引用的即为当前登录的用户名。您需要重新登录才能使得配置生效。
### 5) 创建网桥(br0)
如果您打算从本机（Ubuntu 22.04）之外访问 KVM 虚拟机，您必须将虚拟机的网卡映射至网桥。virbr0 网桥是 KVM安装完成后自动创建的，仅做测试用途。
您可以通过如下内容在 /etc/netplan 目录下创建文件 ‘01-netcfg.yaml’ 来新建网桥：
```
$ sudo vi /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
network:
  ethernets:
    enp0s3:
      dhcp4: false
      dhcp6: false
  # add configuration for bridge interface
  bridges:
    br0:
      interfaces: [enp0s3]
      dhcp4: false
      addresses: [192.168.1.162/24]
      macaddress: 08:00:27:4b:1d:45
      routes:
        - to: default
          via: 192.168.1.1
          metric: 100
      nameservers:
        addresses: [4.2.2.2]
      parameters:
        stp: false
      dhcp6: false
  version: 2
```
保存并推出文件。
注：上述文件的配置是我环境中的，请根据您实际环境替换 IP 地址、网口名称以及mac地址。
您可以通过运行 ‘netplan apply’命令应用上述变更。T
```
$ sudo netplan apply
```
您可以通过如下命令，验证网桥 ‘br0’：
```
$ ip add show
```
![Network-Bridge-br0-ubuntu-linux][5]
### 6) 启动 KVM 虚拟机管理器
当KVM安装完成后，您可以使用 virt-manager 图形管理工具创建虚拟机。您可以在 GNOME 搜索工具中搜索 ‘Virtual machine Manager’ 以启动。
点击搜索出来的图标即可。
![Access-Virtual-Machine-Manager-Ubuntu-Linux][6]
虚拟机管理器界面如下所示：
![Virtual-Machine-Manager-Interface-Ubuntu-Linux][7]
您可以点击 “File” 并选择 “New Virtual Machine”。您也可以点击下图所示的图标：
![New-Virtual-Machine-Icon-Virt-Manager][8]
您在弹出的虚拟机安装向导将看到如下四个选项：
* 本地安装介质 ( ISO 镜像或 CDROM )
* 网络安装 ( HTTP, HTTPS, 和 FTP )
* 导入现有磁盘镜像
* 手动安装
本文使用已下载的 ISO镜像，您可以选择自己的 ISO 镜像，选择第一个选项，并点击 ‘Forward’。
![Local-Install-Media-ISO-Virt-Manager][9]
下一步中，点击‘Browse’选择ISO 镜像路径。
![Browse-ISO-File-Virt-Manager-Ubuntu-Linux][10]
在下一个窗口中点击‘Browse local’选取本机中 ISO 镜像。
![Browse-Local-ISO-Virt-Manager][11]
如下所示，我们选择了 Debian 11 ISO 镜像，随后点击‘Open’。
![Choose-ISO-File-Virt-Manager][12]
当 ISO 镜像选择后，点击‘Forward’进入下一步。
![Forward-after-browsing-iso-file-virt-manager][13]
接着定义虚拟机所用 RAM 大小以及 CPU 核心数，并点击 ‘Forward’。
![Virtual-Machine-RAM-CPU-Virt-Manager][14]
下一页中，输入虚拟机磁盘空间，并点击 ‘Forward’ 继续。
![Storage-for-Virtual-Machine-KVM-Virt-Manager][15]
如您需要将虚拟机网卡连接至网桥，点击‘Network selection’并选择 br0 网桥。
![Network-Selection-KVM-Virtual-Machine-Virt-Manager][16]
最后，点击 ‘Finish’ 按钮结束设置虚拟机。
![Choose-Finish-to-OS-Installation-KVM-VM][17]
稍等片刻，虚拟机的创建过程将开始。
![Creating-Domain-Virtual-Machine-Virt-Manager][18]
当创建结束时，虚拟机将开机并进入系统安装界面。如下是 Debian 11 的安装选项。在这里您可以根据需要进行系统安装。
![Virtual-Machine-Console-Virt-Manager][19]
##### 小结
至此，本文向您演示了如何在 Ubuntu 22.04 上 安装 KVM 虚拟化引擎。您的反馈对我们至关重要。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.linuxtechi.com/how-to-install-kvm-on-ubuntu-22-04/
作者：[James Kiarie][a]
选题：[lkxed][b]
译者：[turbokernel](https://github.com/turbokernel)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/author/james/
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
[1]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/SVM-VMX-Flags-Cpuinfo-linux.png
[2]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/KVM-OK-Command-Not-Found-Ubuntu.png
[3]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/KVM-OK-Command-Output.png
[4]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Libvirtd-Status-Ubuntu-Linux.png
[5]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Network-Bridge-br0-ubuntu-linux.png
[6]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Access-Virtual-Machine-Manager-Ubuntu-Linux.png
[7]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Virtual-Machine-Manager-Interface-Ubuntu-Linux.png
[8]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/New-Virtual-Machine-Icon-Virt-Manager.png
[9]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Local-Install-Media-ISO-Virt-Manager.png
[10]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Browse-ISO-File-Virt-Manager-Ubuntu-Linux.png
[11]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Browse-Local-ISO-Virt-Manager.png
[12]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Choose-ISO-File-Virt-Manager.png
[13]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Forward-after-browsing-iso-file-virt-manager.png
[14]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Virtual-Machine-RAM-CPU-Virt-Manager.png
[15]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Storage-for-Virtual-Machine-KVM-Virt-Manager.png
[16]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Network-Selection-KVM-Virtual-Machine-Virt-Manager.png
[17]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Choose-Finish-to-OS-Installation-KVM-VM.png
[18]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Creating-Domain-Virtual-Machine-Virt-Manager.png
[19]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Virtual-Machine-Console-Virt-Manager.png