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[#]: subject: "Add, switch, delete, and manage Linux users in KDE"
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[#]: via: "https://opensource.com/article/22/2/manage-linux-users-kde"
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[#]: author: "Seth Kenlon https://opensource.com/users/seth"
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[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
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[#]: translator: "geekpi"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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Add, switch, delete, and manage Linux users in KDE
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======
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Maintaining separate users on a computer is a luxury, and a great way to
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keep your own data, and the data of those you care about, safe.
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![people in different locations who are part of the same team][1]
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Sharing a computer in a household is usually a pretty casual affair. When you need the computer, you pick it up and start using it. It's simple in theory, and mostly works. That is, until you accidentally grab the common computer and accidentally post screenshots of your server's uptime to your partner's cooking blog. Then it's time for separate user accounts.
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From the very beginning, Linux has been a multi-user system. It's designed to treat each user, so long as they log in, as a unique human being, with a desktop all their own, a unique web browser profile, access to their own documents and files, and so on. The KDE Plasma Desktop does a lot to make it easy to switch from one account to another, but first you must set up a user account for each person who you expect to use a computer. You might also set up a special account for guests (I call this account, pragmatically, **guest**.)
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### Add a user in KDE
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There are different ways to add users on Linux. One way is the sysadmins-style of [using the terminal][2]. This is very efficient when you have lots of users to add, and so you want to automate the process or just reduce the number of mouse clicks.
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In the Plasma Desktop, though, you can add users with the **Users** application. **Users** is actually a control panel in **System Settings**, but you can launch it from your application menu as if it were a stand-alone app.
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![Users in KDE System Settings][3]
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(Seth Kenlon, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
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To add a user, click the **Add New User** button at the bottom of the window.
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![Adding a user in KDE][5]
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(Seth Kenlon, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
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Give the new user a name and a username. These can be the same thing, but the intent is that their name is their birth name, while their username is a simple handle they use for computing. For instance, my name is "Seth Kenlon", while my username is `seth`.
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Designate the new user as either a standard user or an administrator. Standard users have full control over just their own environment. They can [install Flatpaks][6] and save data to their home directory, but they can't affect other users on the machine. This is one of the advantages of having user accounts. I don't suspect that anyone I allow to use my computer intends to delete data that's important to me, but accidents happen. By creating a separate user account for myself and my partner, I'm protecting each of our data, and I'm protecting each of us individually from accidentally moving a file or misplacing data that's important to the other.
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An administrator can make systemwide changes. I usually reserve this for myself on my computer, and I expect my partner to reserve that role for herself on her own computer. At work, however, that role belongs to the IT department.
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Create a password for the user. Once logged in, new users can change their passwords.
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To finalize user creation, click the **Create** button.
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### Switching users
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There are two different ways to switch users at the desktop level. You can log out and then let the other user log in, or you can choose **Switch user** from the **Power / Sessions** category in your application menu.
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![Switching users in KDE][7]
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(Seth Kenlon, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
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When a new user logs in, your desktop is "frozen" or paused, and a new desktop is brought up for the other user. All of your windows remain open. You can even switch users in the middle of a game (you should probably pause first if you're in the middle of combat), and when you switch back you can pick right up where you left off. Better still, all of your processes continue to run, too. So you can switch users while rendering video or compiling code, and when you switch back your video will have finished rendering, or your code will have finished compiling (provided enough time has elapsed.)
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![Login][8]
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(Seth Kenlon, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
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### Deleting a user
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When I have house guests, I often create a guest account for the duration of their stay, and then I remove the account once they've gone.
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You can remove a user from your computer by deleting their user account. This removes all of their data, so **make sure that the user you're about to delete has migrated what they need off of the machine!
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The **Delete User** button is located in each user account in the **Users** control panel, where you created the user in the first place.
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![Deleting a user][9]
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(Seth Kenlon, [CC BY-SA 4.0][4])
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### Linux user management
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Maintaining separate users on a computer is a luxury, and a great way to keep your own data, and the data of those you care about, safe. It allows each user to be unique, and to make the desktop their own. With Linux, it's easy and nondisruptive, so create users for friends, houseguests, and family members.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/22/2/manage-linux-users-kde
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作者：[Seth Kenlon][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/connection_people_team_collaboration.png?itok=0_vQT8xV (people in different locations who are part of the same team)
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[2]: https://www.redhat.com/sysadmin/linux-commands-manage-users
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[3]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/kde-users.jpg (Users in KDE System Settings)
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[4]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
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[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/kde-users-add.jpg (Adding a user in KDE)
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[6]: https://opensource.com/article/21/11/install-flatpak-linux
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[7]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/kde-users-switch.jpg (Switching users in KDE)
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[8]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/kde-users-login.jpg (Login)
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[9]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/kde-users-delete.jpg (Deleting a user)
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@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
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[#]: subject: "Add, switch, delete, and manage Linux users in KDE"
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[#]: via: "https://opensource.com/article/22/2/manage-linux-users-kde"
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[#]: author: "Seth Kenlon https://opensource.com/users/seth"
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[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
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[#]: translator: "geekpi"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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在 KDE 中添加、切换、删除和管理 Linux 用户
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======
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在一台电脑上维护独立的用户是一种奢侈，也是保护你自己和你关心的人的数据安全的一个好方法。
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![people in different locations who are part of the same team][1]
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在一个家庭中共享一台电脑通常是一件很随意的事情。当你需要电脑时，你拿起它并开始使用它。这在理论上很简单，而且大部分情况下是有效的。也就是说，直到你不小心拿起公用电脑，不小心把你的服务器的正常运行时间的截图发到你伴侣的烹饪博客上。然后，就到了建立独立用户帐户的时候了。
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从一开始，Linux 就是一个多用户系统。它的设计是把每个用户，只要他们登录，都当作一个独特的人，有一个属于他们自己的桌面，一个独特的网络浏览器配置文件，访问他们自己的文档和文件，等等。KDE Plasma 桌面做了很多工作，使得从一个帐户切换到另一个帐户很容易，但首先你必须为每个你期望使用电脑的人设置一个用户帐户。你也可以为客人设置一个特殊的帐户（我称这个帐户为 **guest**）。
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### 在 KDE 中添加用户
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在 Linux 上有不同的方法来添加用户。一种方法是系统管理员式的[使用终端][2]。当你有很多用户需要添加时，这是非常有效的，所以你想把这个过程自动化或者只是减少鼠标点击的次数。
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不过在 Plasma 桌面上，你可以用**用户**程序来添加用户。**用户**实际上是**系统设置**中的一个控制面板，但你可以从你的应用菜单中启动它，就像它是一个独立的应用。
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![Users in KDE System Settings][3]
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（Seth Kenlon，[CC BY-SA 4.0][4]）
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要添加一个用户，点击窗口底部的**添加新用户**按钮。
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![Adding a user in KDE][5]
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（Seth Kenlon，[CC BY-SA 4.0][4]）
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给新用户一个名字和一个用户名。这些可能是同一件事，但意图是他们的名字是他们的名，而他们的用户名是他们用于使用的入口。 例如，我的名字是 “Seth Kenlon”，而我的用户名是 `seth`。
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将新用户指定为标准用户或管理员。标准用户只对自己的环境有完全的控制权。他们可以[安装 Flatpaks][6] 并将数据保存到他们的主目录，但他们不能影响机器上的其他用户。这是有用户帐户的好处之一。我不怀疑我允许使用我的电脑的任何人打算删除对我很重要的数据，但意外还是发生了。通过为我自己和我的伴侣创建一个单独的用户帐户，我在保护我们每个人的数据，我也在保护我们每个人，避免意外地移动一个文件或误放对另一个人很重要的数据。
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管理员可以进行全系统的更改。我通常在我的电脑上为自己保留这个角色，我也希望我的伴侣在她自己的电脑上为自己保留这个角色。然而，在工作中，这个角色属于 IT 部门。
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为用户创建一个密码。登录后，新用户可以改变他们的密码。
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要完成用户创建，请点击**创建**按钮。
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### 切换用户
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在桌面有两种不同的方式来切换用户。你可以注销，然后让另一个用户登录，或者你可以从应用菜单的**电源/会话**类别中选择**切换用户**。
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![Switching users in KDE][7]
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（Seth Kenlon，[CC BY-SA 4.0][4]）
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当一个新用户登录时，你的桌面会被“冻结”或暂停，而另一个用户的新桌面会被调出来。你所有的窗口都保持开放。你甚至可以在游戏中切换用户（如果你正在战斗中，你应该先暂停一下），当你切换回来时，你可以从你离开的地方继续。更好的是，你的所有进程也会继续运行。所以你可以在渲染视频或编译代码时切换用户，当你切换回来时，你的视频已经完成了渲染，或者你的代码已经完成了编译（只要有足够的时间）。
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![Login][8]
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（Seth Kenlon，[CC BY-SA 4.0][4]）
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### 删除用户
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当我有客人时，我经常在他们的逗留期间创建一个客人帐户，当他们离开后，我就删除这个帐户。
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你可以通过删除一个用户的用户帐户来从你的电脑中删除该用户。这将删除他们的所有数据，所以要确保你要删除的用户已经把他们需要的东西从机器上迁移掉了！
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**删除用户**按钮位于**用户**控制面板中的每个用户帐户，也就是你最初创建用户的地方。
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![Deleting a user][9]
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（Seth Kenlon，[CC BY-SA 4.0][4]）
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### Linux 用户管理
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在计算机上维护独立的用户是一种奢侈，也是保护你自己的数据和你关心的人的数据安全的好方法。它允许每个用户都是独一无二的，并使桌面成为他们自己的。在 Linux 中，这很容易，而且不受干扰，因此可以为朋友、房客和家人创建用户。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/22/2/manage-linux-users-kde
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作者：[Seth Kenlon][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/connection_people_team_collaboration.png?itok=0_vQT8xV (people in different locations who are part of the same team)
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[2]: https://www.redhat.com/sysadmin/linux-commands-manage-users
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[3]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/kde-users.jpg (Users in KDE System Settings)
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[4]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
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[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/kde-users-add.jpg (Adding a user in KDE)
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[6]: https://opensource.com/article/21/11/install-flatpak-linux
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[7]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/kde-users-switch.jpg (Switching users in KDE)
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[8]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/kde-users-login.jpg (Login)
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[9]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/kde-users-delete.jpg (Deleting a user)
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