From 74f19e09cb2d8ffb934eddc972ecc609c7ea85e6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GOLinux Date: Tue, 26 May 2015 08:57:47 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] [Translated]20150324 7 Quirky 'ls' Command Tricks Every Linux User Should Know.md --- ...and Tricks Every Linux User Should Know.md | 164 ------------------ ...and Tricks Every Linux User Should Know.md | 163 +++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 163 insertions(+), 164 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 sources/tech/20150324 7 Quirky' ls' Command Tricks Every Linux User Should Know.md create mode 100644 translated/tech/20150324 7 Quirky' ls' Command Tricks Every Linux User Should Know.md diff --git a/sources/tech/20150324 7 Quirky' ls' Command Tricks Every Linux User Should Know.md b/sources/tech/20150324 7 Quirky' ls' Command Tricks Every Linux User Should Know.md deleted file mode 100644 index 6dbd6096a7..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20150324 7 Quirky' ls' Command Tricks Every Linux User Should Know.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,164 +0,0 @@ -Translating by GOLinux! -7 Quirky ‘ls’ Command Tricks Every Linux User Should Know -================================================================================ -We have covered most of the things on ‘ls‘ command in last two articles of our Interview series. This article is the last part of the ‘ls command‘ series. If you have not gone through last two articles of this series you may visit the links below. - -注：以下三篇都做过源文，看看翻译了没有，如果发布了可适当改链接地址 -- [15 Basic ‘ls’ Command Examples in Linux][] -- [15 Interview Questions on Linux “ls” Command – Part 1][] -- [10 Useful ‘ls’ Command Interview Questions – Part 2][] - -![7 Quirky ls Command Tricks](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/ls-command-tricks.jpg) -7 Quirky ls Command Tricks - -### 1. List the contents of a directory with time using various time styles. ### - -To list the contents of a directory with times using style, we need to choose any of the below two methods. - - # ls -l –time-style=[STYLE] (Method A) - -**Note** – The above switch (`--time` style must be run with switch `-l`, else it won’t serve the purpose). - - # ls –full-time (Method B) - -Replace `[STYLE]` with any of the below option. - - full-iso - long-iso - iso - locale - +%H:%M:%S:%D - -**Note** – In the above line H(Hour), M(Minute), S(Second), D(Date) can be used in any order. - -Moreover you just choose those relevant and not all options. E.g., `ls -l --time-style=+%H` will show only hour. - -`ls -l --time-style=+%H:%M:%D` will show Hour, Minute and date. - - # ls -l --time-style=full-iso - -![ls Command Full Time Style](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/ls-Command-Full-Time-Style.gif) -ls Command Full Time Style - - # ls -l --time-style=long-iso - -![Long Time Style Listing](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Long-Time-Listing-Format.gif) -Long Time Style Listing - - # ls -l --time-style=iso - -![Time Style Listing](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Local-Time-Style-Listing.gif) -Time Style Listing - - # ls -l --time-style=locale - -![Locale Time Style Listing](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Hour-Mintue-Time-Style-Listing.gif) -Locale Time Style Listing - - # ls -l --time-style=+%H:%M:%S:%D - -![Date and Time Style Listing](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Full-Time-Style-Listing.gif) -Date and Time Style Listing - - # ls --full-time - -![Full Style Time Listing](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Full-Style-Time-Listing.gif) - -Full Style Time Listing - -### 2. Output the contents of a directory in various formats such as separated by commas, horizontal, long, vertical, across, etc. ### - -Contents of directory can be listed using ls command in various format as suggested below. - -- across -- comma -- horizontal -- long -- single-column -- verbose -- vertical - - # ls –-format=across - # ls --format=comma - # ls --format=horizontal - # ls --format=long - # ls --format=single-column - # ls --format=verbose - # ls --format=vertical - -![Listing Formats of ls Command](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/ls-command-Listing-Formats.gif) -Listing Formats of ls Command - -### 3. Use ls command to append indicators like (/=@|) in output to the contents of the directory. ### - -The option `-p` with ‘ls‘ command will server the purpose. It will append one of the above indicator, based upon the type of file. - - # ls -p - -![Append Indicators to Content](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Append-Indicators.gif) -Append Indicators to Content - -### 4. Sort the contents of directory on the basis of extension, size, time and version. ### - -We can use options like `--extension` to sort the output by extension, size by extension `--size`, time by using extension `-t` and version using extension `-v`. - -Also we can use option `--none` which will output in general way without any sorting in actual. - - # ls --sort=extension - # ls --sort=size - # ls --sort=time - # ls --sort=version - # ls --sort=none - -![Sort Listing of Content by Options](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Sort-Content-by-Extensions.gif) -Sort Listing of Content by Options - -### 5. Print numeric UID and GID for every contents of a directory using ls command. ### - -The above scenario can be achieved using flag -n (Numeric-uid-gid) along with ls command. - - # ls -n - -![Print Listing of Content by UID and GID](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Print-UID-GID-of-Contents.gif) -Print Listing of Content by UID and GID - -### 6. Print the contents of a directory on standard output in more columns than specified by default. ### - -Well ls command output the contents of a directory according to the size of the screen automatically. - -We can however manually assign the value of screen width and control number of columns appearing. It can be done using switch ‘`--width`‘. - - # ls --width 80 - # ls --width 100 - # ls --width 150 - -![List Content Based on Window Sizes](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/List-Content-By-More-Column.gif) -List Content Based on Window Sizes - -**Note**: You can experiment what value you should pass with width flag. - -### 7. Include manual tab size at the contents of directory listed by ls command instead of default 8. ### - - # ls --tabsize=[value] - -![List Content by Table Size](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/List-Content-by-Table-Size.gif) -List Content by Table Size - -**Note**: Specify the `[Value]=` Numeric value. - -That’s all for now. Stay tuned to Tecmint till we come up with next article. Do not forget to provide us with your valuable feedback in the comments below. Like and share us and help us get spread. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: http://www.tecmint.com/linux-ls-command-tricks/ - -作者：[Avishek Kumar][a] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/avishek/ -[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/15-basic-ls-command-examples-in-linux/ -[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/ls-command-interview-questions/ -[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/ls-interview-questions/ diff --git a/translated/tech/20150324 7 Quirky' ls' Command Tricks Every Linux User Should Know.md b/translated/tech/20150324 7 Quirky' ls' Command Tricks Every Linux User Should Know.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..7793b856c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20150324 7 Quirky' ls' Command Tricks Every Linux User Should Know.md @@ -0,0 +1,163 @@ +Linux用户应知应会的7个‘ls’命令异用技巧 +================================================================================ +在前面我们系列报道的两篇文章中，我们已经涵盖了关于‘ls’命令的绝大多数内容。本文时‘ls命令’系列的最后一部分。如果你还没有读过该系列的其它两篇文章，你可以访问下面的链接。 + +注：以下三篇都做过源文，看看翻译了没有，如果发布了可适当改链接地址 + +- [Linux中的15个‘ls’命令基本用法实例][1] +- [关于Linux “ls”命令的15个面试问题 – 第一部分][2] +- [10个有用的‘ls’命令面试问题 – 第二部分][3] + +![7 Quirky ls Command Tricks](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/ls-command-tricks.jpg) +7个ls命令异用技巧 + +### 1. 以各种时间格式附带时间戳列出目录中的内容 ### + +要以时间格式列出目录内容，我们需要选择以下两种方法中的任何一种。 + + # ls -l –time-style=[STYLE] (方法 A) + +**注意** - 上面的开关（`--time`格式必须和`-l`开关同时使用，否则达不到目的）。 + + # ls –full-time (方法 B) + +用以下任何一个选项替换`[STYLE]`。 + + full-iso + long-iso + iso + locale + +%H:%M:%S:%D + +**注意** - 在上面行中，H（时），M（分），S（秒），D（日期）的顺序可以任意调整。 + +此外，你只需选择那些相关的选项，而不是所有选项。例如，`ls -l --time-style=+%H`将只显示小时。 + +`ls -l --time-style=+%H:%M:%D`将显示小时、分钟和日期。 + + # ls -l --time-style=full-iso + +![ls Command Full Time Style](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/ls-Command-Full-Time-Style.gif) +ls命令完整时间格式 + + # ls -l --time-style=long-iso + +![Long Time Style Listing](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Long-Time-Listing-Format.gif) +长时间格式列表 + + # ls -l --time-style=iso + +![Time Style Listing](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Local-Time-Style-Listing.gif) +时间格式列表 + + # ls -l --time-style=locale + +![Locale Time Style Listing](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Hour-Mintue-Time-Style-Listing.gif) +本地时间格式列表 + + # ls -l --time-style=+%H:%M:%S:%D + +![Date and Time Style Listing](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Full-Time-Style-Listing.gif) +日期和时间格式列表 + + # ls --full-time + +![Full Style Time Listing](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Full-Style-Time-Listing.gif) +完整格式时间列表 + +### 2. 以多种格式列出目录内容，如以逗号分隔、水平格式、长格式、垂直格式、交叉格式等列出。 ### + +目录内容可以用以下建议的ls命令各种格式列出。 + +- 交叉 +- 逗号 +- 水平 +- 长格式 +- 单栏 +- 详情 +- 垂直 + + # ls –-format=across + # ls --format=comma + # ls --format=horizontal + # ls --format=long + # ls --format=single-column + # ls --format=verbose + # ls --format=vertical + +![Listing Formats of ls Command](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/ls-command-Listing-Formats.gif) +ls命令的列出格式 + +### 3. 使用ls命令为目录内容输出结果添加像（/=@|）这样的指示符。 ### + +带有`-p`选项的ls命令将实现该目的。它会根据文件类型添加上面这些指示符其中之一。 + + # ls -p + +![Append Indicators to Content](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Append-Indicators.gif) +添加指示符到内容 + +### 4. 根据扩展名、大小、时间和版本对目录内容排序。 ### + +我们可以使用`--extension`选项来按照扩展名对输出结果排序，`--size`扩展选项按照大小排序，`-t`扩展选项按照时间排序，`-v`扩展选项对版本排序。 + +我们也可以使用`--none`选项，它会以常规方式输出结果而不会进行排序。 + + # ls --sort=extension + # ls --sort=size + # ls --sort=time + # ls --sort=version + # ls --sort=none + +![Sort Listing of Content by Options](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Sort-Content-by-Extensions.gif) +通过选项对内容排序列出 + +### 5. 使用ls命令打印目录中各个内容的数字UID和GID。 ### + +上面的环境可以通过使用带有-n标识的ls命令来实现。 + + # ls -n + +![Print Listing of Content by UID and GID](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Print-UID-GID-of-Contents.gif) +通过UID和GID对打印内容列表 + +### 6. 标准输出结果中打印目录内容中比默认指定的更多栏目。 ### + +好吧，ls命令根据屏幕大小自动输出目录内容。 + +然而，我们可以手动分配屏幕宽度的值和出现的栏目的控制数。这可以通过使用‘`--width`’开关实现。 + + # ls --width 80 + # ls --width 100 + # ls --width 150 + +![List Content Based on Window Sizes](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/List-Content-By-More-Column.gif) +根据窗口大小列出内容 + +**注意**： 你可以试验你可以给width标识传递什么值。 + +### 7. 通过ls命令为列出的目录内容手动指定的tab大小而不是默认的8。 ### + + # ls --tabsize=[value] + +![List Content by Table Size](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/List-Content-by-Table-Size.gif) +按表尺寸列出内容 + +**注意**： 指定`[Value]=`的数值。 + +到目前为止，都讲完了。保持连线到Tecmint，我们会推出下一篇文章。别忘了在下面的评论中为我们提供有价值的反馈。为我们点赞并分享，帮我们推广。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: http://www.tecmint.com/linux-ls-command-tricks/ + +作者：[Avishek Kumar][a] +译者：[GOLinux](https://github.com/GOLinux) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/avishek/ +[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/15-basic-ls-command-examples-in-linux/ +[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/ls-command-interview-questions/ +[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/ls-interview-questions/