From 738adc3cc828827e3af8a728cd9744cafab149fd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DarkSun Date: Wed, 29 Nov 2017 11:15:42 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?=E7=BF=BB=E8=AF=91=E5=AE=8C=E6=AF=95=2020171117?= =?UTF-8?q?=20how=20to=20easily=20remember=20linux=20commands.md=20(#6366)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * translated * 翻译完毕 --- ...7 How to Easily Remember Linux Commands.md | 126 ------------------ ...7 How to Easily Remember Linux Commands.md | 74 ++++++++++ 2 files changed, 74 insertions(+), 126 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 sources/tech/20171117 How to Easily Remember Linux Commands.md create mode 100644 translated/tech/20171117 How to Easily Remember Linux Commands.md diff --git a/sources/tech/20171117 How to Easily Remember Linux Commands.md b/sources/tech/20171117 How to Easily Remember Linux Commands.md deleted file mode 100644 index fe69efb128..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20171117 How to Easily Remember Linux Commands.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,126 +0,0 @@ -translating by darksun -# How to Easily Remember Linux Commands - -![](https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/10/rc-feat.jpg) - - -The command line can be daunting for new Linux users. Part of that is -remembering the multitude of commands available. After all, in order to use -the command line effectively, you need to know the commands. - -Unfortunately, there's no getting around the fact that you need to learn the -commands, but there are some tools that can help you out when you're getting -started. - -## History - -![Linux Bash History Commands](https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/10/rc-bash-history.jpg) - -The first thing you can use to remember commands that you've already used is -your own command line history. Most [Linux shells](https://www.maketecheasier.com/remember-linux-commands/), including -the most common default, Bash, create a history file that lists your past -commands. For Bash, you can find it at "/home//.bash_history." - -It's a plain text file, so you can open it in any text editor and loop back -through or even search. - -## Apropos - -There's actually a command that helps you find _other_ commands. It 's called -"apropos," and it helps you find the appropriate command to complete the -action you search or. For example, if you need to know the command to list the -contents of a directory, you can run the following command: - -[code] - - apropos "list directory" -[/code] - -![Linux Apropos](https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/10/rc-apropos.jpg) - -There's a catch, though. It's very literal. Add an "s" to "directory," and try -again. - -[code] - - apropos "list directories" -[/code] - -It doesn't work. What `apropos` does is search through a list of commands and -the accompanying descriptions. If your search doesn't match the description, -it won't pick up the command as a result. - -There is something else you can do. By using the `-a` flag, you can add -together search terms in a more flexible way. Try this command: - -[code] - - apropos "match pattern" -[/code] - -![Linux Apropos -a Flag](https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/10/rc-apropos-a.jpg) - -You'd think it'd turn up something, like -[grep](https://www.maketecheasier.com/remember-linux-commands/)? Instead, you -get nothing. Again, apropos is being too literal. Now, try separating the -words and using the `-a` flag. - -[code] - - apropos "match" -a "pattern" -[/code] - -Suddenly, you have many of the results that you'd expect. - -apropos is a great tool, but you always need to be aware of its quirks. - -## ZSH - -![Linux ZSH -Autocomplete](https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/10/rc- -zsh.jpg)![Linux ZSH -Autocomplete](https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/10/rc- -zsh.jpg) - -ZSH isn't really a tool for remembering commands. It's actually an alternative -shell. You can substitute [ZSH](https://www.maketecheasier.com/remember-linux- -commands/) for Bash and use it as your command line shell. ZSH -includes an autocorrect feature that catches you if you enter in a command -wrong or misspell something. If you enable it, it'll ask you if you meant -something close. You can continue to use the command line as you normally -would with ZSH, but you get an extra safety net and some other really nice -features, too. The easiest way to get the most of ZSH is with [Oh-My- -ZSH](https://www.maketecheasier.com/remember-linux-commands/). - -## Cheat Sheet - -The last, and probably simplest, option is to use a [cheat sheet](https://www.maketecheasier.com/remember-linux-commands/). There are plenty available online like [this -one](https://www.maketecheasier.com/remember-linux-commands/) that you can use to look up commands quickly. - -![linux-commandline-cheatsheet](https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2013/10/linux-commandline-cheatsheet.gif) - -You can actually even find them in image form and set one as your desktop -wallpaper for quick reference. - -This isn't the best solution for actually remembering the commands, but when -you're starting out, it can save you from doing a search online every time you -don't remember a command. - -Rely on these methods when you're learning, and eventually you'll find -yourself referring to them less and less. No one remembers everything, so -don't feel bad if you occasionally forget or run into something you haven't -seen before. That's what these resources and, of course, the Internet are -there for. - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://www.maketecheasier.com/remember-linux-commands/ - -作者：[Nick Congleton][a] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - diff --git a/translated/tech/20171117 How to Easily Remember Linux Commands.md b/translated/tech/20171117 How to Easily Remember Linux Commands.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8e4483cd20 --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20171117 How to Easily Remember Linux Commands.md @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ +# How to Easily Remember Linux Commands + +![](https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/10/rc-feat.jpg) + + +Linux 新手往往对命令行心存畏惧。部分原因是因为需要记忆大量的命令。毕竟掌握命令是高效使用命令行的前提。 +不幸的是，学习这些命令并无捷径，然而在你开始学习命令之初，有些工具还是可以帮到你的。 +## History + +![Linux Bash History 命令](https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/10/rc-bash-history.jpg) + +首先要介绍的是命令行工具 history。它能帮你记住那些你曾经用过的命令。大多数 [Linux shells](https://www.maketecheasier.com/remember-linux-commands/)，包括应用最广泛的 Bash，都会创建一个历史文件来包含那些你输入过的命令。如果你用的是 Bash，这个历史文件就是 "/home//.bash_history"。 +这个历史文件是纯文本格式的，你可以用任意的文本编辑器打开来浏览和搜索。 +## Apropos + +确实存在有一个命令可以帮你找到其他命令。这个命令就是 "apropos"，它能帮你找出合适的命令来完成你搜索的操作。比如，假设你需要知道哪个命令可以列出目录的内容，你可以运行下面命令: + +```shell + apropos "list directory" +``` + +![Linux Apropos](https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/10/rc-apropos.jpg) + +这就搜索出结果了。非常直接。给 "directory" 加上 "s" 后再试一下。 + +```shell + apropos "list directories" +``` + +这次没用了。`apropos` 所作的其实就是搜索一系列命令的描述。描述不匹配的命令不会纳入结果中。 +还有其他的用法。通过 `-a` 标志，你可以以更灵活的方式来增加搜索关键字。试试这条命令: + +```shell + apropos "match pattern" +``` + +![Linux Apropos -a Flag](https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/10/rc-apropos-a.jpg) + +你会觉得应该会有一些匹配的内容出现，比如 [grep](https://www.maketecheasier.com/remember-linux-commands/) 对吗? +然而，实际上并没有匹配出任何结果。再说一次，apropos 只会根据字面内容进行搜索。 +现在让我们试着用 `-a` 标志来把单词分割开来。 + +```shell + apropos "match" -a "pattern" +``` + +这一下，你可以看到很多期望的结果了。 +apropos 是一个很棒的工具，不过你需要留意它的缺陷。 +## ZSH + +![Linux ZSH Autocomplete](https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/10/rc-zsh.jpg) + +ZSH 其实并不是用于记忆命令的工具。它其实是一种 shell。你可以用 [ZSH](https://www.maketecheasier.com/remember-linux-commands/) 来替代 Bash 作为你的命令行 shell。ZSH 包含了自动纠错机制，能在你输入命令的时候给你予提示。 +开启该功能后，它会提示你相近的选择想面。在 ZSH 中你可以像往常一样使用命令行，同时你还能享受到极度安全的网络以及其他一些非常好用的特性。充分利用 ZSH 的最简单方法就是使用 [Oh-My-ZSH](https://www.maketecheasier.com/remember-linux-commands/)。 +## Cheat Sheet + +最后，也可能是最间的方法就是使用 [cheat sheet](https://www.maketecheasier.com/remember-linux-commands/)。 +有很多在线的 cheat sheet，比如[这个](https://www.maketecheasier.com/remember-linux-commands/) 可以帮助你快速查询命令。 +![linux-commandline-cheatsheet](https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2013/10/linux-commandline-cheatsheet.gif) + +为了快速查询，你可以寻找图片格式的 cheat sheet 然后将它设置为你的桌面墙纸。 +这并不是记忆命令的最好方法，但是这么做可以帮你节省在线搜索遗忘命令的时间。 +在学习时依赖这些方法，最终你会发现你会越来越少地使用这些工具。 +没有人能够记住所有的事情，因此偶尔遗忘掉某些东西或者遇到某些没有见过的东西也很正常。这也是这些工具以及因特网存在的意义。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://www.maketecheasier.com/remember-linux-commands/ + +作者：[Nick Congleton][a] +译者：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出