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8 个优秀的开源 Markdown 编辑器
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============================================================
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### Markdown
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首先，对 Markdown 进行一个简单的介绍。Markdown 是由 John Gruber 和 Aaron Swartz 共同创建的一种轻量级纯文本格式语法。Markdown 可以让用户“以易读、易写的纯文本格式来进行写作，然后可以将其转换为有效格式的 XHTML（或 HTML）“。Markdown 语法只包含一些非常容易记住的符号。其学习曲线平缓；你可以在炒蘑菇的同时一点点学习 Markdown 语法（大约 10 分钟）。通过使用尽可能简单的语法，错误率达到了最小化。除了拥有友好的语法，它还具有直接输出干净、有效的（X）HTML 文件的强大功能。如果你看过我的 HTML 文件，你就会知道这个功能是多么的重要。
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Markdown 格式语法的主要目标是实现最大的可读性。用户能够以纯文本的形式发布一份 Markdown 格式的文件。用 Markdown 进行文本写作的一个优点是易于在计算机、智能手机和个人之间共享。几乎所有的内容管理系统都支持 Markdown 。它作为一种网络写作格式流行起来，其产生一些被许多服务采用的变种，比如 GitHub 和 Stack Exchange 。
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你可以使用任何文本编辑器来写 Markdown 文件。但我建议使用一个专门为这种语法设计的编辑器。这篇文章中所讨论的软件允许你使用 Markdown 语法来写各种格式的专业文档，包括博客文章、演示文稿、报告、电子邮件以及幻灯片等。另外，所有的应用都是在开源许可证下发布的，在 Linux、OS X 和 Windows 操作系统下均可用。
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### Remarkable
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让我们从 Remarkable 开始。Remarkable 是一个 apt 软件包的名字，它是一个相当有特色的 Markdown 编辑器 — 它并不支持 Markdown 的全部功能特性，但该有的功能特性都有。它使用和 GitHub Markdown 类似的语法。
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你可以使用 Remarkable 来写 Markdown 文档，并在实时预览窗口查看更改。你可以把你的文件导出为 PDF 格式（带有目录）和 HTML 格式文件。它有强大的配置选项，从而具有许多样式，因此，你可以把它配置成你最满意的 Markdown 编辑器。
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其他一些特性：
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* 语法高亮
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* 支持 [GitHub 风味的 Markdown](https://linux.cn/article-8399-1.html)
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* 支持 MathJax - 通过高级格式呈现丰富文档
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* 键盘快捷键
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在 Debian、Ubuntu、Fedora、SUSE 和 Arch 系统上均有 Remarkable 的可用的简易安装程序。
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主页： [https://remarkableapp.github.io/][4]
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许可证： MIT 许可
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### Atom
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毫无疑问， Atom 是一个神话般的文本编辑器。超过 50 个开源包集合在一个微小的内核上，从而构成 Atom 。伴有 Node.js 的支持，以及全套功能特性，Atom 是我最喜欢用来写代码的编辑器。Atom 的特性在[杀手级开源应用][5]的文章中有更详细介绍，它是如此的强大。但是作为一个 Markdown 编辑器，Atom 还有许多不足之处，它的默认包不支持 Markdown 的特性。例如，正如上图所展示的，它不支持等价渲染。
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但是，开源拥有强大的力量，这是我强烈提倡开源的一个重要原因。Atom 上有许多包以及一些复刻，从而添加了缺失的功能特性。比如，Markdown Preview Plus 提供了 Markdown 文件的实时预览，并伴有数学公式渲染和实时重加载。另外，你也可以尝试一下 [Markdown Preview Enhanced][6]。如果你需要自动滚动特性，那么 [markdown-scroll-sync][7] 可以满足你的需求。我是 [Markdown-Writer][8]和 [Markdown-pdf][9]的忠实拥趸，后者支持将 Markdown 快速转换为 PDF、PNG 以及 JPEG 文件。
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这个方式体现了开源的理念：允许用户通过添加扩展来提供所需的特性。这让我想起了 Woolworths 的 n 种杂拌糖果的故事。虽然需要多付出一些努力，但能收获最好的回报。
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主页： [https://atom.io/][10]
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许可证： MIT 许可
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### Haroopad
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Haroopad 是一个优秀的 Markdown 编辑器，是一个用于创建适宜 Web 的文档的处理器。使用 Haroopad 可以创作各种格式的文档，比如博客文章、幻灯片、演示文稿、报告和电子邮件等。Haroopad 在 Windows、Mac OS X 和 Linux 上均可用。它有 Debian/Ubuntu 的软件包，也有 Windows 和 Mac 的二进制文件。该应用程序使用 node-webkit、CodeMirror，marked，以及 Twitter 的 Bootstrap 。
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Haroo 在韩语中的意思是“一天”。
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它的功能列表非常可观。请看下面：
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* 主题、皮肤和 UI 组件
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* 超过 30 种不同的编辑主题 - tomorrow-night-bright 和 zenburn 是近期刚添加的
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* 编辑器中的代码块的语法高亮
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* Ruby、Python、PHP、Javascript、C、HTML 和 CSS 的语法高亮支持
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* 基于 CodeMirror，这是一个在浏览器中使用 JavaScript 实现的通用文本编辑器
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* 实时预览主题
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* 基于 markdown-css 的 7 个主题
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* 语法高亮
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* 基于 hightlight.js 的 112 种语言以及 49 种样式
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* 定制主题
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* 基于 CSS （层叠样式表）的样式
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* 演示模式 - 对于现场演示非常有用
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* 绘图 - 流程图和序列图
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* 任务列表
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* 扩展 Markdown 语法，支持 TOC（目录）、 GitHub 风味 Markdown 以及数学表达式、脚注和任务列表等
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* 字体大小
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* 使用首选窗口和快捷键来设置编辑器和预览字体大小
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* 嵌入富媒体内容
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* 视频、音频、3D、文本、开放图形以及 oEmbed
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* 支持大约 100 种主要的网络服务（YouTude、SoundCloud、Flickr 等）
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* 支持拖放
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* 显示模式
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* 默认：编辑器｜预览器，倒置：预览器｜编辑器，仅编辑器，仅预览器（View -> Mode）
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* 插入当前日期和时间
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* 多种格式支持（Insert -> Data & Time）
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* HtML 到 Markdown
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* 拖放你在 Web 浏览器中选择好的文本
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* Markdown 解析选项
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* 大纲预览
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* 纯粹主义者的 Vim 键位绑定
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* Markdown 自动补全
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* 导出为 PDF 和 HTML
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* 带有样式的 HTML 复制到剪切板可用于所见即所得编辑器
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* 自动保存和恢复
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* 文件状态信息
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* 换行符或空格缩进
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* （一、二、三）列布局视图
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* Markdown 语法帮助对话框
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* 导入和导出设置
|
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* 通过 MathJax 支持 LaTex 数学表达式
|
||||
* 导出文件为 HTML 和 PDF
|
||||
* 创建扩展来构建自己的功能
|
||||
* 高效地将文件转换进博客系统：WordPress、Evernote 和 Tumblr 等
|
||||
* 全屏模式－尽管该模式不能隐藏顶部菜单栏和顶部工具栏
|
||||
* 国际化支持：英文、韩文、西班牙文、简体中文、德文、越南文、俄文、希腊文、葡萄牙文、日文、意大利文、印度尼西亚文土耳其文和法文
|
||||
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||||
主页 [http://pad.haroopress.com/][11]
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许可证： GNU GPL v3 许可
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### StackEdit
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||||
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||||
StackEdit 是一个功能齐全的 Markdown 编辑器，基于 PageDown（该 Markdown 库被 Stack Overflow 和其他一些 Stack 交流网站使用）。不同于在这个列表中的其他编辑器，StackEdit 是一个基于 Web 的编辑器。在 Chrome 浏览器上即可使用 StackEdit 。
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特性包括：
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||||
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||||
* 实时预览 HTML，并通过绑定滚动连接特性来将编辑器和预览的滚动条相绑定
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||||
* 支持 Markdown Extra 和 GitHub 风味 Markdown，Prettify/Highlight.js 语法高亮
|
||||
* 通过 MathJax 支持 LaTex 数学表达式
|
||||
* 所见即所得的控制按键
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* 布局配置
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* 不同风格的主题支持
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* la carte 扩展
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* 离线编辑
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* 可以与 Google 云端硬盘（多帐户）和 Dropbox 在线同步
|
||||
* 一键发布到 Blogger、Dropbox、Gist、GitHub、Google Drive、SSH 服务器、Tumblr 和 WordPress
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||||
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||||
主页： [https://stackedit.io/][12]
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许可证： Apache 许可
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||||
### MacDown
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||||
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||||
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||||
MacDown 是在这个列表中唯一一个只运行在 macOS 上的全特性编辑器。具体来说，它需要在 OX S 10.8 或更高的版本上才能使用。它在内部使用 Hoedown 将 Markdown 渲染成 HTML，这使得它的特性更加强大。Heodown 是 Sundown 的一个复活复刻。它完全符合标准，无依赖，具有良好的扩展支持和 UTF-8 感知。
|
||||
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||||
MacDown 基于 Mou，这是专为 Web 开发人员设计的专用解决方案。
|
||||
|
||||
它提供了良好的 Markdown 渲染，通过 Prism 提供的语言识别渲染实现代码块级的语法高亮，MathML 和 LaTex 渲染，GTM 任务列表，Jekyll 前端以及可选的高级自动补全。更重要的是，它占用资源很少。想在 OS X 上写 Markdown？MacDown 是我针对 Web 开发者的开源推荐。
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||||
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||||
主页： [https://macdown.uranusjr.com/][13]
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||||
许可证： MIT 许可
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||||
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||||
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||||
### ghostwriter
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
ghostwriter 是一个跨平台的、具有美感的、无干扰的 Markdown 编辑器。它内建了 Sundown 处理器支持，还可以自动检测 pandoc、MultiMarkdown、Discount 和 cmark 处理器。它试图成为一个朴实的编辑器。
|
||||
|
||||
ghostwriter 有许多很好的功能设置，包括语法高亮、全屏模式、聚焦模式、主题、通过 Hunspell 进行拼写检查、实时字数统计、实时 HTML 预览、HTML 预览自定义 CSS 样式表、图片拖放支持以及国际化支持。Hemingway 模式按钮可以禁用退格键和删除键。一个新的 “Markdown cheat sheet” HUD 窗口是一个有用的新增功能。主题支持很基本，但在 [GitHub 仓库上][14]也有一些可用的试验性主题。
|
||||
|
||||
ghostwriter 的功能有限。我越来越欣赏这个应用的通用性，部分原因是其简洁的界面能够让写作者完全集中在策划内容上。这一应用非常值得推荐。
|
||||
|
||||
ghostwirter 在 Linux 和 Windows 系统上均可用。在 Windows 系统上还有一个便携式的版本可用。
|
||||
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||||
主页： [https://github.com/wereturtle/ghostwriter][15]
|
||||
许可证： GNU GPL v3 许可
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||||
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||||
### Abricotine
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Abricotine 是一个为桌面构建的、旨在跨平台且开源的 Markdown 编辑器。它在 Linux、OS X 和 Windows 上均可用。
|
||||
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||||
该应用支持 Markdown 语法以及一些 GitHub 风味的 Markdown 增强（比如表格）。它允许用户直接在文本编辑器中预览文档，而不是在侧窗栏。
|
||||
|
||||
该应用有一系列有用的特性，包括拼写检查、以 HTML 格式保存文件或把富文本复制粘贴到邮件客户端。你也可以在侧窗中显示文档目录，展示语法高亮代码、以及助手、锚点和隐藏字符等。它目前正处于早期的开发阶段，因此还有一些很基本的 bug 需要修复，但它值得关注。它有两个主题可用，如果有能力，你也可以添加你自己的主题。
|
||||
|
||||
主页： [http://abricotine.brrd.fr/][16]
|
||||
许可证： GNU 通用公共许可证 v3 或更高许可
|
||||
|
||||
### ReText
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
ReText 是一个简单而强大的 Markdown 和 reStructureText 文本编辑器。用户可以控制所有输出的格式。它编辑的文件是纯文本文件，但可以导出为 PDF、HTML 和其他格式的文件。ReText 官方仅支持 Linux 系统。
|
||||
|
||||
特性包括：
|
||||
|
||||
* 全屏模式
|
||||
* 实时预览
|
||||
* 同步滚动（针对 Markdown）
|
||||
* 支持数学公式
|
||||
* 拼写检查
|
||||
* 分页符
|
||||
* 导出为 HTML、ODT 和 PDF 格式
|
||||
* 使用其他标记语言
|
||||
|
||||
主页： [https://github.com/retext-project/retext][17]
|
||||
许可证： GNU GPL v2 或更高许可
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.ossblog.org/markdown-editors/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Steve Emms][a]
|
||||
译者：[ucasFL](https://github.com/ucasFL)
|
||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://www.ossblog.org/author/steve/
|
||||
[1]:https://www.ossblog.org/author/steve/
|
||||
[2]:https://www.ossblog.org/markdown-editors/#comments
|
||||
[3]:https://www.ossblog.org/category/utilities/
|
||||
[4]:https://remarkableapp.github.io/
|
||||
[5]:https://www.ossblog.org/top-software/2/
|
||||
[6]:https://atom.io/packages/markdown-preview-enhanced
|
||||
[7]:https://atom.io/packages/markdown-scroll-sync
|
||||
[8]:https://atom.io/packages/markdown-writer
|
||||
[9]:https://atom.io/packages/markdown-pdf
|
||||
[10]:https://atom.io/
|
||||
[11]:http://pad.haroopress.com/
|
||||
[12]:https://stackedit.io/
|
||||
[13]:https://macdown.uranusjr.com/
|
||||
[14]:https://github.com/jggouvea/ghostwriter-themes
|
||||
[15]:https://github.com/wereturtle/ghostwriter
|
||||
[16]:http://abricotine.brrd.fr/
|
||||
[17]:https://github.com/retext-project/retext
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
|
||||
T-UI Launcher：将你的 Android 设备变成 Linux 命令行界面
|
||||
============================================================
|
||||
|
||||
不管你是一位命令行大师，还是只是不想让你的朋友和家人使用你的 Android 设备，那就看下 T-UI Launcher 这个程序。Unix/Linux 用户一定会喜欢这个。
|
||||
|
||||
T-UI Launcher 是一个免费的轻量级 Android 程序，具有类似 Linux 的命令行界面，它可将你的普通 Android 设备变成一个完整的命令行界面。对于喜欢使用基于文本的界面的人来说，这是一个简单、快速、智能的启动器。
|
||||
|
||||
#### T-UI Launcher 功能
|
||||
|
||||
下面是一些重要的功能：
|
||||
|
||||
* 第一次启动后展示快速使用指南。
|
||||
* 快速且可完全定制。
|
||||
* 提供自动补全菜单及快速、强大的别名系统。
|
||||
* 此外，提供预测建议，并提供有用的搜索功能。
|
||||
|
||||
它是免费的，你可以从 Google Play 商店[下载并安装它][1]，接着在 Android 设备中运行。
|
||||
|
||||
安装完成后，第一次启动时你会看到一个快速指南。阅读完成之后，你可以如下面那样使用简单的命令开始使用了。
|
||||
|
||||
[][2]
|
||||
|
||||
*T-UI 命令行帮助指南*
|
||||
|
||||
要启动一个 app，只要输入几个字母，自动补全功能会在屏幕中展示可用的 app。接着点击你想打开的程序。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ Telegram ### 启动 telegram
|
||||
$ WhatsApp ### 启动 whatsapp
|
||||
$ Chrome ### 启动 chrome
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
[][3]
|
||||
|
||||
*T-UI 命令行使用*
|
||||
|
||||
要浏览你的 Android 设备状态（电池电量、wifi、移动数据），输入：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ status
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
[][4]
|
||||
|
||||
*Android 电话状态*
|
||||
|
||||
其它的有用命令。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ uninstall telegram ### 卸载 telegram
|
||||
$ search [google, playstore, youtube, files] ### 搜索在线应用或本地文件
|
||||
$ wifi ### 打开或关闭 WIFI
|
||||
$ cp Downloads/* Music ### 从 Download 文件夹复制所有文件到 Music 文件夹
|
||||
$ mv Downloads/* Music ### 从 Download 文件夹移动所有文件到 Music 文件夹
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
就是这样了！在本篇中，我们展示了一个带有类似 Linux CLI（命令界面）的简单而有用的 Android 程序，它可以将你的常规 Android 设备变成一个完整的命令行界面。尝试一下并在下面的评论栏分享你的想法。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
作者简介：
|
||||
|
||||
Aaron Kili 是 Linux 和 F.O.S.S 爱好者，将来的 Linux 系统管理员和网络开发人员，目前是 TecMint 的内容创作者，他喜欢用电脑工作，并坚信分享知识。
|
||||
|
||||
------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.tecmint.com/t-ui-launcher-turns-android-device-into-linux-cli/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Aaron Kili][a]
|
||||
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
|
||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://www.tecmint.com/author/aaronkili/
|
||||
[1]:https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ohi.andre.consolelauncher
|
||||
[2]:https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/T-UI-Commandline-Help.jpg
|
||||
[3]:https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/T-UI-Commandline-Usage.jpg
|
||||
[4]:https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/T-UI-Commandline-Status.jpg
|
||||
[5]:https://www.tecmint.com/author/aaronkili/
|
||||
[6]:https://www.tecmint.com/10-useful-free-linux-ebooks-for-newbies-and-administrators/
|
||||
[7]:https://www.tecmint.com/free-linux-shell-scripting-books/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
|
||||
Faster machine learning is coming to the Linux kernel
|
||||
============================================================
|
||||
|
||||
### The addition of heterogenous memory management to the Linux kernel will unlock new ways to speed up GPUs, and potentially other kinds of machine learning hardware
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
>Credit: Thinkstock
|
||||
|
||||
It's been a long time in the works, but a memory management feature intended to give machine learning or other GPU-powered applications a major performance boost is close to making it into one of the next revisions of the kernel.
|
||||
|
||||
Heterogenous memory management (HMM) allows a device’s driver to mirror the address space for a process under its own memory management. As Red Hat developer Jérôme Glisse [explains][10], this makes it easier for hardware devices like GPUs to directly access the memory of a process without the extra overhead of copying anything. It also doesn't violate the memory protection features afforded by modern OSes.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
One class of application that stands to benefit most from HMM is GPU-based machine learning. Libraries like OpenCL and CUDA would be able to get a speed boost from HMM. HMM does this in much the same way as [speedups being done to GPU-based machine learning][11], namely by leaving data in place near the GPU, operating directly on it there, and moving it around as little as possible.
|
||||
|
||||
These kinds of speed-ups for CUDA, Nvidia’s library for GPU-based processing, would only benefit operations on Nvidia GPUs, but those GPUs currently constitute the vast majority of the hardware used to accelerate number crunching. However, OpenCL was devised to write code that could target multiple kinds of hardware—CPUs, GPUs, FPGAs, and so on—so HMM could provide much broader benefits as that hardware matures.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
There are a few obstacles to getting HMM into a usable state in Linux. First is kernel support, which has been under wraps for quite some time. HMM was first proposed as a Linux kernel patchset [back in 2014][12], with Red Hat and Nvidia both involved as key developers. The amount of work involved wasn’t trivial, but the developers believe code could be submitted for potential inclusion within the next couple of kernel releases.
|
||||
|
||||
The second obstacle is video driver support, which Nvidia has been working on separately. According to Glisse’s notes, AMD GPUs are likely to support HMM as well, so this particular optimization won’t be limited to Nvidia GPUs. AMD has been trying to ramp up its presence in the GPU market, potentially by [merging GPU and CPU processing][13] on the same die. However, the software ecosystem still plainly favors Nvidia; there would need to be a few more vendor-neutral projects like HMM, and OpenCL performance on a par with what CUDA can provide, to make real choice possible.
|
||||
|
||||
The third obstacle is hardware support, since HMM requires the presence of a replayable page faults hardware feature to work. Only Nvidia’s Pascal line of high-end GPUs supports this feature. In a way that’s good news, since it means Nvidia will only need to provide driver support for one piece of hardware—requiring less work on its part—to get HMM up and running.
|
||||
|
||||
Once HMM is in place, there will be pressure on public cloud providers with GPU instances to [support the latest-and-greatest generation of GPU][14]. Not just by swapping old-school Nvidia Kepler cards for bleeding-edge Pascal GPUs; as each succeeding generation of GPU pulls further away from the pack, support optimizations like HMM will provide strategic advantages.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.infoworld.com/article/3196884/linux/faster-machine-learning-is-coming-to-the-linux-kernel.html
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Serdar Yegulalp][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://www.infoworld.com/author/Serdar-Yegulalp/
|
||||
[1]:https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infoworld.com%2Farticle%2F3196884%2Flinux%2Ffaster-machine-learning-is-coming-to-the-linux-kernel.html&via=infoworld&text=Faster+machine+learning+is+coming+to+the+Linux+kernel
|
||||
[2]:https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infoworld.com%2Farticle%2F3196884%2Flinux%2Ffaster-machine-learning-is-coming-to-the-linux-kernel.html
|
||||
[3]:http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infoworld.com%2Farticle%2F3196884%2Flinux%2Ffaster-machine-learning-is-coming-to-the-linux-kernel.html&title=Faster+machine+learning+is+coming+to+the+Linux+kernel
|
||||
[4]:https://plus.google.com/share?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infoworld.com%2Farticle%2F3196884%2Flinux%2Ffaster-machine-learning-is-coming-to-the-linux-kernel.html
|
||||
[5]:http://reddit.com/submit?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infoworld.com%2Farticle%2F3196884%2Flinux%2Ffaster-machine-learning-is-coming-to-the-linux-kernel.html&title=Faster+machine+learning+is+coming+to+the+Linux+kernel
|
||||
[6]:http://www.stumbleupon.com/submit?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infoworld.com%2Farticle%2F3196884%2Flinux%2Ffaster-machine-learning-is-coming-to-the-linux-kernel.html
|
||||
[7]:http://www.infoworld.com/article/3196884/linux/faster-machine-learning-is-coming-to-the-linux-kernel.html#email
|
||||
[8]:http://www.infoworld.com/article/3152565/linux/5-rock-solid-linux-distros-for-developers.html#tk.ifw-infsb
|
||||
[9]:http://www.infoworld.com/newsletters/signup.html#tk.ifw-infsb
|
||||
[10]:https://lkml.org/lkml/2017/4/21/872
|
||||
[11]:http://www.infoworld.com/article/3195437/machine-learning-analytics-get-a-boost-from-gpu-data-frame-project.html
|
||||
[12]:https://lwn.net/Articles/597289/
|
||||
[13]:http://www.infoworld.com/article/3099204/hardware/amd-mulls-a-cpugpu-super-chip-in-a-server-reboot.html
|
||||
[14]:http://www.infoworld.com/article/3126076/artificial-intelligence/aws-machine-learning-vms-go-faster-but-not-forward.html
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
|
||||
How Microsoft is becoming a Linux vendor
|
||||
=====================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
>Microsoft is bridging the gap with Linux by baking it into its own products.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Linux and open source technologies have become too dominant in data centers, cloud and IoT for Microsoft to ignore them.
|
||||
|
||||
On Microsoft’s own cloud, one in three machines run Linux. These are Microsoft customers who are running Linux. Microsoft needs to support the platform they use, or they will go somewhere else.
|
||||
|
||||
Here's how Microsoft's Linux strategy breaks down on its developer platform (Windows 10), on its cloud (Azure) and datacenter (Windows Server).
|
||||
|
||||
**Linux in Windows**: IT professionals managing Linux machines on public or private cloud need native UNIX tooling. Linux and macOS are the only two platforms that offer such native capabilities. No wonder all you see is MacBooks or a few Linux desktops at events like DockerCon, OpenStack Summit or CoreOS Fest.
|
||||
|
||||
To bridge the gap, Microsoft worked with Canonical to build a Linux subsystem within Windows that offers native Linux tooling. It’s a great compromise, where IT professionals can continue to use Windows 10 desktop while getting to run almost all Linux utilities to manage their Linux machines.
|
||||
|
||||
**Linux in Azure**: What good is a cloud that can’t run fully supported Linux machines? Microsoft has been working with Linux vendors that allow customers to run Linux applications and workloads on Azure.
|
||||
|
||||
Microsoft not only managed to sign deals with all three major Linux vendors Red Hat, SUSE and Canonical, it also worked with countless other companies to offer support for community-based distros like Debian.
|
||||
|
||||
**Linux in Windows Server**: This is the last missing piece of the puzzle. There is a massive ecosystem of Linux containers that are used by customers. There are over 900,000 Docker containers on Docker Hub, which can run only on Linux machines. Microsoft wanted to bring these containers to its own platform.
|
||||
|
||||
At DockerCon, Microsoft announced support for Linux containers on Windows Server bringing all those containers to Linux.
|
||||
|
||||
Things are about to get more interesting, after the success of Bash on Ubuntu on Windows 10, Microsoft is bringing Ubuntu bash to Windows Server. Yes, you heard it right. Windows Server will now have a Linux subsystem.
|
||||
|
||||
Rich Turner, Senior Program Manager at Microsoft told me, “WSL on the server provides admins with a preference for *NIX admin scripting & tools to have a more familiar environment in which to work.”
|
||||
|
||||
Microsoft said in an announcement that It will allow IT professionals “to use the same scripts, tools, procedures and container images they have been using for Linux containers on their Windows Server container host. These containers use our Hyper-V isolation technology combined with your choice of Linux kernel to host the workload while the management scripts and tools on the host use WSL.”
|
||||
|
||||
With all three bases covered, Microsoft has succeeded in creating an environment where its customers don't have to deal with any Linux vendor.
|
||||
|
||||
### What does it mean for Microsoft?
|
||||
|
||||
By baking Linux into its own products, Microsoft has become a Linux vendor. They are part of the Linux Foundation, they are one of the many contributors to the Linux kernel, and they now distribute Linux from their own store.
|
||||
|
||||
There is only one minor problem. Microsoft doesn’t own any Linux technologies. They are totally dependent on an external vendor, in this case Canonical, for their entire Linux layer. Too risky a proposition, if Canonical gets acquired by a fierce competitor.
|
||||
|
||||
It might make sense for Microsoft to attempt to acquire Canonical and bring the core technologies in house. It makes sense.
|
||||
|
||||
### What does it mean for Linux vendors
|
||||
|
||||
On the surface, it’s a clear victory for Microsoft as its customers can live within the Windows world. It will also contain the momentum of Linux in a datacenter. It might also affect Linux on the desktop as now IT professionals looking for *NIX tooling don’t have to run Linux desktop, they can do everything from within Windows.
|
||||
|
||||
Is Microsoft's victory a loss for traditional Linux vendors? To some degree, yes. Microsoft has become a direct competitor. But the clear winner here is Linux.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.cio.com/article/3197016/linux/how-microsoft-is-becoming-a-linux-vendor.html
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[ Swapnil Bhartiya ][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://www.cio.com/author/Swapnil-Bhartiya/
|
||||
103
sources/talk/20170517 Security Debt is an Engineers Problem.md
Normal file
103
sources/talk/20170517 Security Debt is an Engineers Problem.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
|
||||
Security Debt is an Engineer’s Problem
|
||||
============================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
>Keziah Plattner of AirBnBSecurity.
|
||||
|
||||
Just like organizations can build up technical debt, so too can they also build up something called “security debt,” if they don’t plan accordingly, attendees learned at the [WomenWhoCode Connect ][5]event at Twitter headquarters in San Francisco last month.
|
||||
|
||||
Security has got to be integral to every step of the software development process, stressed [Mary Ann Davidson][6], Oracle’s Chief Security Officer, in a keynote talk with about security for developers with [Zassmin Montes de Oca][7] of [WomenWhoCode][8].
|
||||
|
||||
In the past, security used to be ignored by pretty much everyone, except banks. But security is more critical than it has ever been because there are so many access points. We’ve entered the era of [Internet of Things][9], where thieves can just hack your fridge to see that you’re not home.
|
||||
|
||||
Davidson is in charge of assurance at Oracle, “making sure we build security into everything we build, whether it’s an on-premise product, whether it’s a cloud service, even devices we have that support group builds at customer sites and reports data back to us, helping us do diagnostics — every single one of those things has to have security engineered into it.”
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Plattner talking to a capacity crowd at #WWCConnect
|
||||
|
||||
AirBnB’s [Keziah Plattner][10] echoed that sentiment in her breakout session. “Most developers don’t see security as their job,” she said, “but this has to change.”
|
||||
|
||||
She shared four basic security principles for engineers. First, security debt is expensive. There’s a lot of talk about [technical debt ][11]and she thinks security debt should be included in those conversations.
|
||||
|
||||
“This historical attitude is ‘We’ll think about security later,’” Plattner said. As companies grab the low-hanging fruit of software efficiency and growth, they ignore security, but an initial insecure design can cause problems for years to come.
|
||||
|
||||
It’s very hard to add security to an existing vulnerable system, she said. Even when you know where the security holes are and have budgeted the time and resources to make the changes, it’s time-consuming and difficult to re-engineer a secure system.
|
||||
|
||||
So it’s key, she said, to build security into your design from the start. Think of security as part of the technical debt to avoid. And cover all possibilities.
|
||||
|
||||
Most importantly, according to Plattner, is the difficulty in getting to people to change their behavior. No one will change voluntarily, she said, even when you point out that the new behavior is more secure. We all nodded.
|
||||
|
||||
Davidson said engineers need to start thinking about how their code could be attacked, and design from that perspective. She said she only has two rules. The first is never trust any unvalidated data and rule two is see rule one.
|
||||
|
||||
“People do this all the time. They say ‘My client sent me the data so it will be fine.’ Nooooooooo,” she said, to laughs.
|
||||
|
||||
The second key to security, Plattner said, is “never trust users.”
|
||||
|
||||
Davidson put it another way: “My job is to be a professional paranoid.” She worries all the time about how someone might breach her systems even inadvertently. This is not academic, there has been recent denial of service attacks through IoT devices.
|
||||
|
||||
### Little Bobby Tables
|
||||
|
||||
If part of your security plan is trusting users to do the right thing, your system is inherently insecure regardless of whatever other security measures you have in place, said Plattner.
|
||||
|
||||
It’s important to properly sanitize all user input, she explained, showing the [XKCD cartoon][12] where a mom wiped out an entire school database because her son’s middle name was “DropTable Students.”
|
||||
|
||||
So sanitize all user input. Check.
|
||||
|
||||
She showed an example of JavaScript developers using Eval on open source. “A good ground rule is ‘Never use eval(),’” she cautioned. The [eval() ][13]function evaluates JavaScript code. “You’re opening your system to random users if you do.”
|
||||
|
||||
Davidson cautioned that her paranoia extends to including security testing your example code in documentation. “Because we all know no one ever copies sample code,” she said to laughter. She underscored the point that any code should be subject to security checks.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Make it easy
|
||||
|
||||
Plattner’s suggestion three: Make security easy. Take the path of least resistance, she suggested.
|
||||
|
||||
Externally, make users opt out of security instead of opting in, or, better yet, make it mandatory. Changing people’s behavior is the hardest problem in tech, she said. Once users get used to using your product in a non-secure way, getting them to change in the future is extremely difficult.
|
||||
|
||||
Internal to your company, she suggested make tools that standardize security so it’s not something individual developers need to think about. For example, encrypting data as a service so engineers can just call the service to encrypt or decrypt data.
|
||||
|
||||
Make sure that your company is focused on good security hygiene, she said. Switch to good security habits across the company.
|
||||
|
||||
You’re only secure as your weakest link, so it’s important that each individual also has good personal security hygiene as well as having good corporate security hygiene.
|
||||
|
||||
At Oracle, they’ve got this covered. Davidson said she got tired of explaining security to engineers who graduated college with absolutely no security training, so she wrote the first coding standards at Oracle. There are now hundreds of pages with lots of contributors, and there are classes that are mandatory. They have metrics for compliance to security requirements and measure it. The classes are not just for engineers, but for doc writers as well. “It’s a cultural thing,” she said.
|
||||
|
||||
And what discussion about security would be secure without a mention of passwords? While everyone should be using a good password manager, Plattner said, but they should be mandatory for work, along with two-factor authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
Basic password principles should be a part of every engineer’s waking life, she said. What matters most in passwords is their length and entropy — making the collection of keystrokes as random as possible. A robust password entropy checker is invaluable for this. She recommends [zxcvbn][14], the Dropbox open-source entropy checker.
|
||||
|
||||
Another trick is to use something intentionally slow like [bcrypt][15] when authenticating user input, said Plattner. The slowness doesn’t bother most legit users but irritates hackers who try to force password attempts.
|
||||
|
||||
All of this adds up to job security for anyone wanting to get into the security side of technology, said Davidson. We’re putting more code more places, she said, and that creates systemic risk. “I don’t think anybody is not going to have a job in security as long as we keep doing interesting things in technology.”
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://thenewstack.io/security-engineers-problem/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[TC Currie][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://thenewstack.io/author/tc/
|
||||
[1]:http://twitter.com/share?url=https://thenewstack.io/security-engineers-problem/&text=Security+Debt+is+an+Engineer%E2%80%99s+Problem+
|
||||
[2]:http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https://thenewstack.io/security-engineers-problem/
|
||||
[3]:http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://thenewstack.io/security-engineers-problem/
|
||||
[4]:https://thenewstack.io/security-engineers-problem/#disqus_thread
|
||||
[5]:http://connect2017.womenwhocode.com/
|
||||
[6]:https://www.linkedin.com/in/mary-ann-davidson-235ba/
|
||||
[7]:https://www.linkedin.com/in/zassmin/
|
||||
[8]:https://www.womenwhocode.com/
|
||||
[9]:https://www.thenewstack.io/tag/Internet-of-Things
|
||||
[10]:https://twitter.com/ittskeziah
|
||||
[11]:https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TechnicalDebt.html
|
||||
[12]:https://xkcd.com/327/
|
||||
[13]:https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/eval
|
||||
[14]:https://blogs.dropbox.com/tech/2012/04/zxcvbn-realistic-password-strength-estimation/
|
||||
[15]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bcrypt
|
||||
[16]:https://thenewstack.io/author/tc/
|
||||
@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
|
||||
|
||||
朝鲜180局的网络战部门让西方国家忧虑。
|
||||
|
||||
Translating by hwlog
|
||||
North Korea's Unit 180, the cyber warfare cell that worries the West
|
||||
|
||||
============================================================
|
||||
[][13] [**PHOTO:** 脱北者说， 平壤的网络战攻击目的在于一个叫做“180局”的部门来筹集资金。(Reuters: Damir Sagolj, file)][14]
|
||||
据叛逃者，官方和网络安全专家称，朝鲜的情报机关有一个叫做180局的特殊部门， 这个部门已经发起过多起勇敢且成功的网络战。
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
|
||||
T-UI Launcher – Turns Android Device into Linux Command Line Interface
|
||||
============================================================
|
||||
|
||||
Are you a command line guru, or do you simply want to make your Android device unusable for friends and family, then check out T-UI Launcher app. Unix/Linux users will definitely love this.
|
||||
|
||||
T-UI Launcher is a free lightweight Android app with a Linux-like CLI (Command Line Interface) that turns your regular Android device into a complete command line interface. It is a simple, quick and smart launcher for those who love to work with text-based interfaces.
|
||||
|
||||
#### T-UI Launcher Features
|
||||
|
||||
Below are some of its notable features:
|
||||
|
||||
* Shows quick usage guide after the first launch.
|
||||
|
||||
* It’s fast and fully customizable.
|
||||
|
||||
* Offers to autocomplete menu with fast, powerful alias system.
|
||||
|
||||
* Also, provides predictive suggestions and offers a serviceable search function.
|
||||
|
||||
It is free, and you can [download and install][1] it from Google Play Store, then run it on your Android device.
|
||||
|
||||
Once you have installed it, you’ll be shown a quick usage guide when you first launch it. After reading the guide, you can start using it with simple commands as the ones explained below.
|
||||
|
||||
[][2]
|
||||
|
||||
T-UI Commandline Help Guide
|
||||
|
||||
To launch an app, simply type the first few letter in its name and the auto completion functionality will show all the available apps on the screen. Then click on the one you want to open.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ Telegram #launch telegram
|
||||
$ WhatsApp #launch whatsapp
|
||||
$ Chrome #launch chrome
|
||||
```
|
||||
[][3]
|
||||
|
||||
T-UI Commandline Usage
|
||||
|
||||
To view your Android device status (battery charge, wifi, mobile data), type.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ status
|
||||
```
|
||||
[][4]
|
||||
|
||||
Android Phone Status
|
||||
|
||||
Other useful commands you can use.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ uninstall telegram #uninstall telegram
|
||||
$ search [google, playstore, youtube, files] #search online apps or for a local file
|
||||
$ wifi #trun wifi on or off
|
||||
$ cp Downloads/* Music #copy all files from Download folder to Music
|
||||
$ mv Downloads/* Music #move all files from Download folder to Music
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
That’s all! In this article, we reviewed simple yet useful Android app with a Linux-like CLI (Command Line Interface) that turns your regular Android device into a complete command line interface. Give it a try and share your thoughts with us via the comment section below.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
作者简介：
|
||||
|
||||
Aaron Kili is a Linux and F.O.S.S enthusiast, an upcoming Linux SysAdmin, web developer, and currently a content creator for TecMint who loves working with computers and strongly believes in sharing knowledge.
|
||||
|
||||
------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.tecmint.com/t-ui-launcher-turns-android-device-into-linux-cli/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Aaron Kili ][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://www.tecmint.com/author/aaronkili/
|
||||
[1]:https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ohi.andre.consolelauncher
|
||||
[2]:https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/T-UI-Commandline-Help.jpg
|
||||
[3]:https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/T-UI-Commandline-Usage.jpg
|
||||
[4]:https://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/T-UI-Commandline-Status.jpg
|
||||
[5]:https://www.tecmint.com/author/aaronkili/
|
||||
[6]:https://www.tecmint.com/10-useful-free-linux-ebooks-for-newbies-and-administrators/
|
||||
[7]:https://www.tecmint.com/free-linux-shell-scripting-books/
|
||||
@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
|
||||
How to Password Protect a Vim File in Linux
|
||||
============================================================
|
||||
ch-cn translating
|
||||
|
||||
Download Your Free eBooks NOW - [10 Free Linux eBooks for Administrators][16] | [4 Free Shell Scripting eBooks][17]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
72
sources/tech/20170516 What Fuchsia could mean for Android.md
Normal file
72
sources/tech/20170516 What Fuchsia could mean for Android.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
|
||||
What Fuchsia could mean for Android
|
||||
============================================================
|
||||
|
||||
Fuchsia could be next replacement for Android, or Android and Chrome OS. Speculation abounds, and Jack Wallen adds to this speculation some kudos and caveats for Google to consider.
|
||||
|
||||
In this white paper, you’ll learn why legacy IT systems create drag on businesses, and how companies can transform their operations and reap the benefits of hybrid IT by partnering with the right managed services provider. [Download Now][9]
|
||||
|
||||
 Image: Jack Wallen
|
||||
|
||||
Google has never been one to settle or to do things in a way that is not decidedly "Google". So it should have come as no surprise to anyone that they began working on a project that had many scratching their heads. The project is called [Fuschia][6] and most people that follow Google and Android closely, know of this new platform.
|
||||
|
||||
For those that haven't been following the latest and greatest from Google, Fuschia is a new, real-time, open source operating system that first popped up on the radar in August, 2016\. Back then, Fuchsia was nothing more than a command line. Less than a year has zipped by and the platform already has a rather interesting GUI.
|
||||
|
||||
Much to the chagrin of the Linux faithful, Fuchsia does not use the Linux kernel. This project is all Google and uses a Google-developed microkernel, named "Magenta." Why would they do this? Consider the fact that Google's newest device, the Pixel, runs kernel 3.18 and you have your answer. The 3.18 Linux kernel was released in 2014 (which, in tech terms is ancient). With that in mind, why wouldn't Google want to break out completely on their own to keep their mobile platform as up to date as possible?
|
||||
|
||||
Although it pains me to think that Linux might not be (in some unknown future date) powering the most widely-used ecosystem on the planet, I believe this is the right move for Google, with one major caveat.
|
||||
|
||||
### First, a couple of kudos
|
||||
|
||||
I have to first say, bravo to Google for open sourcing Fuchsia. This was the right move. Android has benefitted from the open source Linux kernel for years, so it only makes sense that Google would open up their latest project. To be perfectly honest, had it not been for open source and the Linux kernel, Android would not have risen nearly as quickly as it did. In fact, I would venture a guess to say that, had it not been for Android being propped up by Linux and open source, the mobile market share would show a very different, apple-shaped, picture at the moment.
|
||||
|
||||
The next bit of bravo comes by way of necessity. Operating systems need to be completely rethought now and then. Android is an amazing platform that serves the mobile world quite well. However, there's only so much evolution one can squeeze out of it; and considering the consuming world is always looking for next big thing, Android (and iOS) can only deliver so many times before they have been wrung dry. Couple that with a sorely out of date kernel and you have a perfect storm ready for the likes of Fuchsia.
|
||||
|
||||
Google has never been one to remain stagnant and this new platform is proof.
|
||||
|
||||
### That darned caveat
|
||||
|
||||
I will preface this by reminding everyone of my open source background. I have been a user of Linux since the late 90s and have covered nearly every aspect of open source to be found. Over the last few years, I've been watching and commenting on the goings on with Ubuntu and their (now) failed attempt at convergence. With that said, here's my concern with Fuchsia.
|
||||
|
||||
My suspicion is that Google's big plan for Fucshia is to create a single operating system for all devices: Smartphones, IoT, Chromebooks. On the surface, that sounds like an idea that would bear significant fruit; but if you examine the struggles Canonical endured with Unity 8/Mir/Convergence, you cringe at the idea of "one platform to rule them all". Of course, this isn't quite the same. I doubt Google is creating a single platform that will allow you to "converge" all of your devices. After all, what benefit would there be to converging IoT with your smartphone? It's not like we need to start exchanging data between a phone and a thermostat. Right? Right???
|
||||
|
||||
Even so, should that be the plan for Google, I would caution them to look closely at what befell Canonical and Unity 8\. It was an outstanding idea that simply couldn't come to fruition.
|
||||
|
||||
I could be wrong about this. Google might be thinking of Fuchsia as nothing more than a replacement for Android. It is quite possible this was Google needing to replace the outdated Linux kernel and deciding they may as well go "all in". But considering Armadillo (the Fuchsia UI) has been written in the cross-platform [Flutter SDK][7], the idea of crossing the platform boundary starts to fall into the realm of the possible.
|
||||
|
||||
Or, maybe Fuchsia is simply just Google saying "Let's rebuild our smartphone platform with the knowledge we have today and see where it goes." If that's the case, I would imagine the Google mobile OS will be primed for major success. However, there's one elephant in the room that many have yet to address that hearkens back to "one platform to rule them all". Google has been teasing Android apps on Chromebooks for quite some time. Unfortunately, the success with this idea has been moderate (at best). With Microsoft going out of their way to compete with Chromebooks, Google knows they have to expand that ecosystem, or else lose precious ground (such as within the education arena). One way to combat this is with a single OS to drive both smartphones and Chromebooks. It would mean all apps would work on both platforms (which would be a serious boon) and a universality to the ecosystem (again, massive boon).
|
||||
|
||||
### Speculation
|
||||
|
||||
Google is very good at keeping this sort of thing close to the vest; which translates to a lot of speculation on the part of pundits. Generally speaking, at least with Android, Google has always seemed to make the right moves. If they believe Fuchsia is the way to go, then I'm inclined to believe them. However, there are so many uncertainties surrounding this platform that one is left constantly scratching one's head in wonder.
|
||||
|
||||
What do you think? What will Fuchsia become? Speculate with me.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
作者简介：
|
||||
|
||||
Jack Wallen is an award-winning writer for TechRepublic and Linux.com. He’s an avid promoter of open source and the voice of The Android Expert. For more news about Jack Wallen, visit his website jackwallen.com.
|
||||
|
||||
-------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.techrepublic.com/article/what-fuchsia-could-mean-for-android/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[About Jack Wallen ][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://www.techrepublic.com/article/what-fuchsia-could-mean-for-android/#modal-bio
|
||||
[1]:http://www.techrepublic.com/article/biometric-mobile-payments-will-hit-2b-this-year/
|
||||
[2]:http://www.techrepublic.com/article/apple-invests-200m-in-us-manufacturing-to-help-corning-produce-new-state-of-the-art-glass/
|
||||
[3]:http://www.techrepublic.com/article/google-will-soon-require-android-for-work-profiles-for-enterprise-users/
|
||||
[4]:http://www.techrepublic.com/newsletters/
|
||||
[5]:http://www.techrepublic.com/article/what-fuchsia-could-mean-for-android/#postComments
|
||||
[6]:https://github.com/fuchsia-mirror
|
||||
[7]:https://flutter.io/
|
||||
[8]:http://intent.cbsi.com/redir?tag=medc-content-top-leaderboard&siteId=11&rsid=cbsitechrepublicsite&pagetype=article&sl=en&sc=us&topicguid=09288d3a-8606-11e2-a661-024c619f5c3d&assetguid=714cb8ff-ebf0-4584-a421-e8464aae66cf&assettype=content_article&ftag_cd=LGN3588bd2&devicetype=desktop&viewguid=4c47ca57-283d-4861-a131-09e058b652ac&q=&ctype=docids;promo&cval=33109435;7205&ttag=&ursuid=&bhid=&destUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.techrepublic.com%2Fresource-library%2Fwhitepapers%2Ftaming-it-complexity-with-managed-services-japanese%2F%3Fpromo%3D7205%26ftag%3DLGN3588bd2%26cval%3Dcontent-top-leaderboard
|
||||
[9]:http://intent.cbsi.com/redir?tag=medc-content-top-leaderboard&siteId=11&rsid=cbsitechrepublicsite&pagetype=article&sl=en&sc=us&topicguid=09288d3a-8606-11e2-a661-024c619f5c3d&assetguid=714cb8ff-ebf0-4584-a421-e8464aae66cf&assettype=content_article&ftag_cd=LGN3588bd2&devicetype=desktop&viewguid=4c47ca57-283d-4861-a131-09e058b652ac&q=&ctype=docids;promo&cval=33109435;7205&ttag=&ursuid=&bhid=&destUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.techrepublic.com%2Fresource-library%2Fwhitepapers%2Ftaming-it-complexity-with-managed-services-japanese%2F%3Fpromo%3D7205%26ftag%3DLGN3588bd2%26cval%3Dcontent-top-leaderboard
|
||||
[10]:http://www.techrepublic.com/rssfeeds/topic/android/
|
||||
[11]:http://www.techrepublic.com/meet-the-team/us/jack-wallen/
|
||||
[12]:https://twitter.com/intent/user?screen_name=jlwallen
|
||||
@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
|
||||
10 Useful Tips for Writing Effective Bash Scripts in Linux
|
||||
============================================================
|
||||
ch-cn translating
|
||||
|
||||
[Shell scripting][4] is the easiest form of programming you can learn/do in Linux. More so, it is a required skill for [system administration for automating tasks][5], developing new simple utilities/tools just to mention but a few.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
|
||||
How to Kill a Process from the Command Line
|
||||
============================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
>Linux has all the tools you need to stop running processes at the command line. Jack Wallen has details.[Creative Commons Zero][4]
|
||||
|
||||
Picture this: You’ve launched an application (be it from your favorite desktop menu or from the command line) and you start using that launched app, only to have it lock up on you, stop performing, or unexpectedly die. You try to run the app again, but it turns out the original never truly shut down completely.
|
||||
|
||||
What do you do? You kill the process. But how? Believe it or not, your best bet most often lies within the command line. Thankfully, Linux has every tool necessary to empower you, the user, to kill an errant process. However, before you immediately launch that command to kill the process, you first have to know what the process is. How do you take care of this layered task? It’s actually quite simple...once you know the tools at your disposal.
|
||||
|
||||
Let me introduce you to said tools.
|
||||
|
||||
The steps I’m going to outline will work on almost every Linux distribution, whether it is a desktop or a server. I will be dealing strictly with the command line, so open up your terminal and prepare to type.
|
||||
|
||||
### Locating the process
|
||||
|
||||
The first step in killing the unresponsive process is locating it. There are two commands I use to locate a process: _top _ and _ps_ . Top is a tool every administrator should get to know. With _top_ , you get a full listing of currently running process. From the command line, issue _top_ to see a list of your running processes (Figure 1).
|
||||
|
||||
### [killa.jpg][5]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 1: The top command gives you plenty of information.[Used with permission][1]
|
||||
|
||||
From this list you will see some rather important information. Say, for example, Chrome has become unresponsive. According to our _top_ display, we can discern there are four instances of chrome running with Process IDs (PID) 3827, 3919, 10764, and 11679\. This information will be important to have with one particular method of killing the process.
|
||||
|
||||
Although _top_ is incredibly handy, it’s not always the most efficient means of getting the information you need. Let’s say you know the Chrome process is what you need to kill, and you don’t want to have to glance through the real-time information offered by _top_ . For that, you can make use of the _ps_ command and filter the output through _grep_ . The _ps_ command reports a snapshot of a current process and _grep _ prints lines matching a pattern. The reason why we filter _ps_ through _grep_ is simple: If you issue the _ps_ command by itself, you will get a snapshot listing of all current processes. We only want the listing associated with Chrome. So this command would look like:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
ps aux | grep chrome
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The _aux_ options are as follows:
|
||||
|
||||
* a = show processes for all users
|
||||
|
||||
* u = display the process's user/owner
|
||||
|
||||
* x = also show processes not attached to a terminal
|
||||
|
||||
The _x_ option is important when you’re hunting for information regarding a graphical application.
|
||||
|
||||
When you issue the command above, you’ll be given more information than you need (Figure 2) for the killing of a process, but it is sometimes more efficient than using top.
|
||||
|
||||
### [killb.jpg][6]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 2: Locating the necessary information with the ps command.[Used with permission][2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Killing the process
|
||||
|
||||
Now we come to the task of killing the process. We have two pieces of information that will help us kill the errant process:
|
||||
|
||||
* Process name
|
||||
|
||||
* Process ID
|
||||
|
||||
Which you use will determine the command used for termination. There are two commands used to kill a process:
|
||||
|
||||
* kill - Kill a process by ID
|
||||
|
||||
* killall - Kill a process by name
|
||||
|
||||
There are also different signals that can be sent to both kill commands. What signal you send will be determined by what results you want from the kill command. For instance, you can send the HUP (hang up) signal to the kill command, which will effectively restart the process. This is always a wise choice when you need the process to immediately restart (such as in the case of a daemon). You can get a list of all the signals that can be sent to the kill command by issuing kill -l. You’ll find quite a large number of signals (Figure 3).
|
||||
|
||||
### [killc.jpg][7]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 3: The available kill signals.[Used with permission][3]
|
||||
|
||||
The most common kill signals are:
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
Signal Name
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
Single Value
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
Effect
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
SIGHUP
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
1
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
Hangup
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
SIGINT
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
2
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
Interrupt from keyboard
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
SIGKILL
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
9
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
Kill signal
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
SIGTERM
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
15
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
Termination signal
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
SIGSTOP
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
17, 19, 23
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
Stop the process
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
What’s nice about this is that you can use the Signal Value in place of the Signal Name. So you don’t have to memorize all of the names of the various signals.
|
||||
So, let’s now use the _kill _ command to kill our instance of chrome. The structure for this command would be:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
kill SIGNAL PID
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Where SIGNAL is the signal to be sent and PID is the Process ID to be killed. We already know, from our _ps_ command that the IDs we want to kill are 3827, 3919, 10764, and 11679\. So to send the kill signal, we’d issue the commands:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
kill -9 3827
|
||||
|
||||
kill -9 3919
|
||||
|
||||
kill -9 10764
|
||||
|
||||
kill -9 11679
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Once we’ve issued the above commands, all of the chrome processes will have been successfully killed.
|
||||
|
||||
Let’s take the easy route! If we already know the process we want to kill is named chrome, we can make use of the _killall _ command and send the same signal the process like so:
|
||||
|
||||
_killall -9 chrome_
|
||||
|
||||
The only caveat to the above command is that it may not catch all of the running chrome processes. If, after running the above command, you issue the ps aux|grep chrome command and see remaining processes running, your best bet is to go back to the _kill _ command and send signal 9 to terminate the process by PID.
|
||||
|
||||
### Ending processes made easy
|
||||
|
||||
As you can see, killing errant processes isn’t nearly as challenging as you might have thought. When I wind up with a stubborn process, I tend to start off with the _killall _ command as it is the most efficient route to termination. However, when you wind up with a really feisty process, the _kill _ command is the way to go.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.linux.com/learn/intro-to-linux/2017/5/how-kill-process-command-line
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[JACK WALLEN][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://www.linux.com/users/jlwallen
|
||||
[1]:https://www.linux.com/licenses/category/used-permission
|
||||
[2]:https://www.linux.com/licenses/category/used-permission
|
||||
[3]:https://www.linux.com/licenses/category/used-permission
|
||||
[4]:https://www.linux.com/licenses/category/creative-commons-zero
|
||||
[5]:https://www.linux.com/files/images/killajpg
|
||||
[6]:https://www.linux.com/files/images/killbjpg
|
||||
[7]:https://www.linux.com/files/images/killcjpg
|
||||
[8]:https://www.linux.com/files/images/stop-processesjpg
|
||||
@ -1,230 +0,0 @@
|
||||
8 个优秀的开源 MARKDOWN 编辑器
|
||||
============================================================
|
||||
|
||||
### Markdown
|
||||
|
||||
首先，对 Markdown 进行一个简单的介绍。Markdown 是由 John Gruber 和 Aaron Swartz 共同创建的一种轻量级纯文本格式语法。Markdown 给用户提供了“易读、易写的纯文本格式来进行写作，然后可以将其转换为有效格式的 XHTML（或 HTML）“。Markdown 语法只包含一些非常容易记住的符号。它具有一条平缓的学习曲线；你可以在炒蘑菇的同时学习 Markdown 语法（大约 10 分钟）。通过使用尽可能简单的语法，错误率达到了最小化。除了拥有友好的语法，它还具有直接输出干净、有效的 （X）HTML 文件的强大功能。如果你看过我的 HTML 文件，你就会知道这个功能是多么的重要。
|
||||
|
||||
Markdown 格式语法的主要目标是实现最大的可读性。用户能够以纯文本的形式发布一份 Markdown 格式的文件。用 Markdown 进行文本写作的一个优点是易于在计算机、智能手机和个人之间共享。几乎所有的内容管理系统都支持 Markdown 。它作为一种网络写作格式流行起来，产生的变种被许多服务采用，比如 GitHub 和 Stack Exchange 。
|
||||
|
||||
你可以使用任何文本编辑器来写 Markdown 文件。但我建议使用一个专门为这种语法设计的编辑器。这篇文章中所讨论的软件允许你使用 Markdown 语法来写各种格式的专业文档，包括博客文章、演示文稿、报告、电子邮件以及幻灯片等。另外，所有的应用都是在开源许可证下发布的，在 Linux、OS X 和 Windows 操作系统下均可用。
|
||||
|
||||
* * *
|
||||
|
||||
### Remarkable
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
让我们从 Remarkable 开始。Remarkable 是一个包的名字，它是一个相当有特色的 Markdown 编辑器 — 它并不支持 Markdown 的全部功能特性，但该有的功能特性都有。它具有一个和 GitHub Markdown 类似的语法。
|
||||
|
||||
你可以使用 Remarkable 来写 Markdown 文档，并在实时预览窗口查看更改。你可以把你的文件导出为 PDF 格式（带有目录）和 HTML 格式文件。它有强大的配置选项，从而具有许多样式，因此，你可以把它配置成你最满意的 Markdown 编辑器。
|
||||
|
||||
其他一些特性：
|
||||
|
||||
* 语法高亮
|
||||
* 支持 GitHub 风味的 Markdown
|
||||
* 支持 MathJax - 通过高级格式呈现丰富文档
|
||||
* 键盘快捷键
|
||||
|
||||
在 Debian、Ubuntu、Fedora、SUSE 和 Arch 系统上均有 Remarkable 的可用的简易安装程序。
|
||||
|
||||
主页： [https://remarkableapp.github.io/][4]
|
||||
许可证： MIT 许可
|
||||
|
||||
* * *
|
||||
|
||||
### Atom
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
毫无疑问， Atom 是一个神话般的文本编辑器。超过 50 个开源包集合成一个最小的核，从而构成 Atom 。伴有 Node.js 的支持，以及全套功能特性，Atom 是我最喜欢用来写代码的编辑器。Atom 的特性在[开源应用终结者][5]的文章中有更详细介绍，它是如此的强大。但是作为一个 Markdown 编辑器，Atom 还有许多不足之处，它的默认包不支持 Markdown 的特性。例如，正如上图所展示的，它不支持渲染方程。
|
||||
|
||||
但是，开源拥有强大的力量，这是我强烈提倡开源的一个重要原因。Atom 上有许多包以及一些复刻，从而添加了缺失的功能特性。比如，Markdown Prview Plus 提供了 Markdown 文件的实时预览，并伴有数学公式渲染和实时重加载。另外，你也可以尝试一下 [Markdown Preview Enhanced][6]。如果你需要自动滚动特性，那么 [markdown-scroll-sync][7] 可以满足你的需求。我是 [Markdown-Writer][8]和 [Markdown-pdf][9]的一个狂热粉丝，后者支持将 Markdown 快速转换为 PDF、PNG 以及 JPEG 文件。
|
||||
|
||||
这个方式体现了开源的理念：允许用户通过添加扩展来提供所需的特性。这让我想起了 Woolworths 挑选 ‘n’ 混合糖果的故事。虽然需要多付出一些努力，但能收获最好的回报。
|
||||
|
||||
主页： [https://atom.io/][10]
|
||||
许可证： MIT 许可
|
||||
|
||||
* * *
|
||||
|
||||
### Haroopad
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Haroopad 是一个优秀的 Markdown 编辑器，是一个创建 web 友好文档的文档处理器。使用 Haroopad 可以创作各种格式的文档，比如博客文章、幻灯片、演示文稿、报告和电子邮件等。Haroopad 在 Windows、Mac OS X 和 Linux 上均可用。它有 Debian/Ubuntu 的软件包，有 Windows 和 Mac 的二进制文件。该应用程序使用 node-webkit、CodeMirror 标记，以及 Twitter 引导。
|
||||
|
||||
Haroo 在韩语中的意思是“一天”。
|
||||
|
||||
它的功能列表非常可观。请看下面：
|
||||
|
||||
* 主题、皮肤和 UI 组件
|
||||
* 超过 30 中不同的编辑主题 - tomorrow-night-bright 和 zenburn 是近期刚添加的
|
||||
* 编辑器中的代码块的语法高亮
|
||||
* Ruby、Python、PHP、Javascript、C、HTML 和 CSS 的语法高亮支持
|
||||
* 基于 CodeMirror：一个在浏览器中使用 JavaScript 实现的通用文本编辑器
|
||||
* 实时预览主题
|
||||
* 基于 markdown-css 的 7 个主题
|
||||
* 语法高亮
|
||||
* 基于 hightlight.js 的 112 种语言以及 49 种样式
|
||||
* 定制主题
|
||||
* 基于 CSS 的样式（层叠样式表）
|
||||
* 演示模式 - 对于现场演示非常有用
|
||||
* 绘图 - 流程图和序列图
|
||||
* 任务列表
|
||||
* 通过 TOC 扩展 Markdown 语法，GitHub 风味 Markdown 以及数学表达式、脚注和任务列表等更多的扩展。
|
||||
* 字体大小
|
||||
* 使用首选窗口和快件键来设置编辑器和预览字体大小
|
||||
* 嵌入丰富媒体内容
|
||||
* 视频、音频、3D、文本、公开图以及 oEmbed
|
||||
* 支持大约 100 种主要的网络服务（YouTude、SoundCloud、Flickr 等）
|
||||
* 支持拖放
|
||||
* 显示模式
|
||||
* 默认：编辑器｜预览器，倒置：预览器｜编辑器，仅编辑器，仅预览器（View > Mode）
|
||||
* 插入当前日期和时间
|
||||
* 多种格式支持（Insert > Data & Time）
|
||||
* HtML 到 Markdown
|
||||
* 拖放在 Web 浏览器中选择好的文本
|
||||
* Markdown 解析选项
|
||||
* 离线预览
|
||||
* 纯粹主义者的 Vim 键位绑定
|
||||
* Markdown 自动补全
|
||||
* 导出为 PDF 和 HTML
|
||||
* HTML 通过 WYSIWYG 编辑器复制到剪切板
|
||||
* 自动保存和重新存储
|
||||
* 文件状态信息
|
||||
* 换行符和空格缩进
|
||||
* 列（一、二、三）布局视图
|
||||
* Markdown 语法帮助对话框
|
||||
* 导入和导出设置
|
||||
* 通过 MathJax 支持 LaTex 数学表达式
|
||||
* 导出文件为 HTML 和 PDF
|
||||
* 创建扩展来构建自己的功能
|
||||
* 高效地将文件转换进博客系统：WordPress、Evernote 和 Tumblr 等
|
||||
* 全屏模式－尽管该模式不能隐藏顶部菜单栏和顶部工具栏
|
||||
* 国际化支持：英文、韩文、西班牙文、简体中文、德文、越南文、俄文、希腊文、葡萄牙文、日文、意大利文、印度尼西亚文土耳其文和法文
|
||||
|
||||
主页 [http://pad.haroopress.com/][11]
|
||||
许可证： GNU GPL v3 许可
|
||||
|
||||
* * *
|
||||
|
||||
### StackEdit
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
StackEdit 基于 PageDown，是一个功能齐全的 Markdown 编辑器， Mwrkdown 库被 Stack Overflow 和其他一些 Stack 交流网站使用。不同于在这个列表中的其他编辑器，StackEdit 是一个基于 Web 的编辑器。在 Chrome 浏览器上即可使用 StackEdit 。
|
||||
|
||||
特性包括：
|
||||
|
||||
* 通过绑定滚动连接特性到编辑器和预览滚动条，实现实时预览 HTML
|
||||
* 支持 Markdown 外加 GitHub 风味 Markdown，Prettify/Highlight.js 语法高亮
|
||||
* 通过 MathJax 支持 LaTex 数学表达式
|
||||
* WYSIWYG 控制按键
|
||||
* 布局配置
|
||||
* 不同风格的主题支持
|
||||
* la carte 扩展
|
||||
* 离线编辑
|
||||
* 与 Google 云端硬盘（多帐户）和 Dropbox 在线同步
|
||||
* 在 Blogger、Dropbox、Gist、GitHub、Google Drive、SSH服务器、Tumblr 和 WordPress 上一键点击发布
|
||||
|
||||
主页： [https://stackedit.io/][12]
|
||||
许可证： Apache 许可
|
||||
|
||||
* * *
|
||||
|
||||
### MacDown
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
MacDown 是在这个列表中唯一运行在 macOS 上的全特性编辑器。具体来说，它需要在 OX S 10.8 或更高的版本上才能使用。它在内部使用 Hoedown 将 Markdown 渲染成 HTML，这使得它的特性更加强大。Heodown 是 Sundown 的一个复刻。它完全符合标准，无依赖，具有良好的扩展和 UTF-8 感知
|
||||
|
||||
MacDown 基于 Mou：专为 Web 开发人员设计的专用解决方案。
|
||||
|
||||
它提供了良好的 Markdown 渲染，通过 Prism 提供的语言识别渲染实现代码块的语法高亮，MathML 和 LaTex 渲染，GTM 任务列表，Jekyll 前端以及可选的高级自动补全。更重要的是，它占用资源很少。想在 OS X 上写 Markdown？MacDown 是我针对 Web 开发者的开源推荐。
|
||||
|
||||
主页： [https://macdown.uranusjr.com/][13]
|
||||
许可证： MIT 许可
|
||||
|
||||
* * *
|
||||
|
||||
### ghostwriter
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
ghostwriter 是一个跨平台的、具有美感的、无干扰的 Markdown 编辑器。它有 Sundown 处理器的内建支持，还可以自动检测 pandoc、MultiMarkdown、Discount 和 cmark 处理器。它试图成为一个不显眼的编辑器。
|
||||
|
||||
ghostwriter 有许多很好的功能设置，包括语法高亮、全屏模式、聚焦模式、主题、通过 Hunspell 进行拼写检查、实时字数统计、实时 HTML 预览、HTML 预览自定义 CSS 样式表、图片拖放支持以及国际化支持。Hemingway 模式按钮可以禁用 `backspace` 键和 `delete` 键。一个新的 `Markdown cheat sheet HUD` 窗口是一个有用的新增功能。主题支持很基本，但在 [GitHub 仓库上][14]也有一些可用的试验性主题。
|
||||
|
||||
ghostwriter 的功能有限。我越来越欣赏这个应用的通用性，部分原因是其简洁的界面能够让写作者完全集中在策划内容上。这一应用非常值得推荐。
|
||||
|
||||
ghostwirter 在 Linux 和 Windows 系统上均可用。在 Windows 系统上还有一个便携式的版本可用。
|
||||
|
||||
主页： [https://github.com/wereturtle/ghostwriter][15]
|
||||
许可证： GNU GPL v3 许可
|
||||
|
||||
* * *
|
||||
|
||||
### Abricotine
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Abricotine 是一个内置桌面、有前途的跨平台且开源的 Markdown 编辑器。它在 Linux、OS X 和 Windows 上均可用。
|
||||
|
||||
该应用支持 Markdown 语法以及一些 GitHub 风味的 Markdown 加强（如上表所示）。它允许用户直接在文本编辑器中预览文档，而不是在侧窗栏。
|
||||
|
||||
该应用有一系列有用的特性，包括拼写检查、以 HTML 格式保存文件或把富文本复制粘贴到邮件客户端。你也可以在侧窗中显示文档表，展示语法高亮代码、以及助手、锚点和隐藏字符等。它目前正处于早期的开发阶段，因此还有一些很基本的 bug 需要修复，但它值得关注。它有两个主题可用，如果有能力，你也可以添加你自己的主题。
|
||||
|
||||
主页： [http://abricotine.brrd.fr/][16]
|
||||
许可证： GNU 通用公共许可证 v3 或更高许可
|
||||
|
||||
* * *
|
||||
|
||||
### ReText
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
ReText 是一个简单但强大的 Markdown 和 reStructureText 文本编辑器。用户可以控制输入所有格式。它编辑的文件是纯文本文件，但可以导出为 PDF、HTML 和其他格式的文件。ReText 官方仅支持 Linux 系统。
|
||||
|
||||
特性包括：
|
||||
|
||||
* 全屏模式
|
||||
* 实时预览
|
||||
* 同步滚动（针对 Markdown）
|
||||
* 支持数学公式
|
||||
* 拼写检查
|
||||
* 分页符
|
||||
* 导出为 HTML、ODT 和 PDF 格式
|
||||
* 使用其他标记语言
|
||||
|
||||
主页： [https://github.com/retext-project/retext][17]
|
||||
许可证： GNU GPL v2 或更高许可
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.ossblog.org/markdown-editors/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Steve Emms][a]
|
||||
译者：[ucasFL](https://github.com/ucasFL)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://www.ossblog.org/author/steve/
|
||||
[1]:https://www.ossblog.org/author/steve/
|
||||
[2]:https://www.ossblog.org/markdown-editors/#comments
|
||||
[3]:https://www.ossblog.org/category/utilities/
|
||||
[4]:https://remarkableapp.github.io/
|
||||
[5]:https://www.ossblog.org/top-software/2/
|
||||
[6]:https://atom.io/packages/markdown-preview-enhanced
|
||||
[7]:https://atom.io/packages/markdown-scroll-sync
|
||||
[8]:https://atom.io/packages/markdown-writer
|
||||
[9]:https://atom.io/packages/markdown-pdf
|
||||
[10]:https://atom.io/
|
||||
[11]:http://pad.haroopress.com/
|
||||
[12]:https://stackedit.io/
|
||||
[13]:https://macdown.uranusjr.com/
|
||||
[14]:https://github.com/jggouvea/ghostwriter-themes
|
||||
[15]:https://github.com/wereturtle/ghostwriter
|
||||
[16]:http://abricotine.brrd.fr/
|
||||
[17]:https://github.com/retext-project/retext
|
||||
@ -11,63 +11,63 @@ AI 正快速入侵我们生活的五个方面
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. AI 影响你的购买决定
|
||||
|
||||
最近 [VentureBeat][3] 上的一篇文章，[“AI 将如何帮助我们解读千禧一代”][4]吸引了我的注意。我承认我对人工智能没有思考太多，也没有费力尝试解读千禧一代，所以我很好奇，渴望了解更多。事实证明，文章标题有点误导;“如何卖东西给千禧一代”会是一个更准确的标题。
|
||||
最近 [VentureBeat][3] 上的一篇文章，[“AI 将如何帮助我们解读千禧一代”][4]吸引了我的注意。我承认我对人工智能没有思考太多，也没有费力尝试解读千禧一代，所以我很好奇，渴望了解更多。事实证明，文章标题有点误导；“如何卖东西给千禧一代”会是一个更准确的标题。
|
||||
|
||||
根据这篇文章，千禧一代是“一个年龄阶段的人群，被人觊觎，以至于来自全世界的市场经理都在争抢他们”。通过分析网络行为 —— 无论是购物、社交媒体或其他活动 - 机器学习可以帮助预测行为模式，这将可以变成有针对性的广告。文章接着解释如何对物联网和社交媒体平台进行挖掘形成数据点。“使用机器学习挖掘社交媒体数据，可以让公司了解千禧一代如何谈论其产品，他们对一个产品类别的看法，他们对竞争对手的广告活动如何响应，还可获得很多数据，用于设计有针对性的广告，"这篇文章解释说。AI 和千禧一代成为营销的未来并不是什么很令人吃惊的事，但是 X 一代和婴儿潮一代，你们也逃不掉呢！
|
||||
根据这篇文章，千禧一代是“一个年龄阶段的人群，被人觊觎，以至于来自全世界的市场经理都在争抢他们”。通过分析网络行为 —— 无论是购物、社交媒体或其他活动 - 机器学习可以帮助预测行为模式，这将可以变成有针对性的广告。文章接着解释如何对物联网和社交媒体平台进行挖掘形成数据点。“使用机器学习挖掘社交媒体数据，可以让公司了解千禧一代如何谈论其产品，他们对一个产品类别的看法，他们对竞争对手的广告活动如何响应，还可获得很多数据，用于设计有针对性的广告，"这篇文章解释说。AI 和千禧一代成为营销的未来并不是什么很令人吃惊的事，但是 X 一代和婴儿潮一代，你们也逃不掉呢！（LCTT 译注：X 一代指出生于20世纪60年代中期至70年代末的美国人，婴儿潮是指二战结束后，1946年初至1964年底出生的人）
|
||||
|
||||
> 人工智能被用来根据行为变化来定位包括城市人在内的整个人群。
|
||||
> 人工智能根据行为变化，将包括城市人在内的整个人群设为目标群体。
|
||||
|
||||
例如， [Raconteur上][23]的一篇文章——"AI将怎样改变购买者的行为"解释说，AI 在网上零售行业最大的力量是它能够迅速适应流动的情况下改变客户行为。人工智能创业公司 [Fluid AI][25]首席执行官 Abhinav Aggarwal 表示，他的公司的软件被客户用来预测客户行为，并且系统注意到在暴风雪期间发生了变化。“那些通常会忽略在一天中发送的电子邮件或应用内通知的用户现在正在打开它们，因为他们在家里没有太多的事情可做。一个小时，AI 系统就适应了新的情况，并在工作时间发送更多的促销材料。"他解释说。
|
||||
例如， [Raconteur 上][23]的一篇文章 —— “AI 将怎样改变购买者的行为”解释说，AI 在网上零售行业最大的力量是它能够迅速适应改变客户行为的不断变化的形势。人工智能创业公司 [Fluid AI][25]首席执行官 Abhinav Aggarwal 表示，他公司的软件被一个客户用来预测顾客行为，有一次系统注意到在暴风雪期间发生了一个变化。“那些通常会忽略在一天中发送的电子邮件或应用内通知的用户现在正在打开它们，因为他们在家里没有太多的事情可做。一个小时之内，AI 系统就适应了新的情况，并在工作时间开始发送更多的促销材料。”他解释说。
|
||||
|
||||
AI正在改变了我们怎样花钱和为什么花钱，但是AI是怎样改变我们挣钱的方式的呢？
|
||||
AI 正在改变们怎样花钱和为什么花钱，但是 AI 是怎样改变我们挣钱的方式的呢？
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. 人工智能正在改变我们如何工作
|
||||
|
||||
[Fast 公司][5]最近的一篇文章《这就是在 2017 年人工智能如何改变我们的生活》说道，求职者将会从人工智能中受益。作者解释说，除薪酬趋势更新之外，人工智能将被用来给求职者发送相关职位空缺信息。当你应该升职的时候，你就会得到一个升职的机会。
|
||||
[Fast 公司][5]最近的一篇文章“2017 年人工智能将如何改变我们的生活”中说道，求职者将会从人工智能中受益。作者解释说，除更新薪酬趋势之外，人工智能将被用来给求职者发送相关职位空缺信息。当你应该升职的时候，你很可能会得到一个升职的机会。
|
||||
|
||||
人造智能也将被公司用来帮助新入职的员工。文章解释说：“许多新员工在头几天内获得了大量信息，其中大部分不会被保留。” 相反，机器人可能会随着时间的推移向一名新员工“滴滴”，因为它变得更加相关。
|
||||
人工智能也可以被公司用来帮助新入职的员工。文章解释说：“许多新员工在刚入职的几天内会获得大量信息，其中大部分不会被保留。” 相反，机器人可能会随着时间的推移，当新员工需要相关信息时，再向他一点点“告知信息”。
|
||||
|
||||
[Inc.][7]的一篇文章[《没有偏见的企业：人工智能将如何重塑招聘机制》][8]着眼于人才管理解决方案提供商 [SAP SuccessFactors][9] 是怎样利用人工智能作为一个工作描述偏差检查器”和检查员工赔偿金的偏差。
|
||||
[Inc.][7] 有一篇文章[“没有偏见的企业：人工智能将如何重塑招聘机制”][8]，观察了人才管理解决方案提供商 [SAP SuccessFactors][9] 是怎样利用人工智能作为一个工作描述“偏见检查器”，以及检查员工赔偿金的偏见。
|
||||
|
||||
[《Deloitte 2017 人力资本趋势报告》][10]显示，AI 正在激励组织进行重组。Fast公司的文章[《AI 是怎样改变公司组织的方式》][11]审查了这篇报告，该文章是基于全球 10,000 多名人力资源和商业领袖的调查结果。这篇文章解释说："许多公司现在更注重文化和环境的适应性，而不是聘请最有资格的人来做某个具体任务，因为知道个人角色必须随 AI 的实施而发展 。" 为了适应不断变化的技术，组织也从自上而下的结构转向多学科团队，文章说。
|
||||
[《Deloitte 2017 人力资本趋势报告》][10]显示，AI 正在激励组织进行重组。Fast 公司的文章[“AI 是怎样改变公司组织的方式”][11]审查了这篇报告，该报告是基于全球 10,000 多名人力资源和商业领袖的调查结果。这篇文章解释说："许多公司现在更注重文化和环境的适应性，而不是聘请最有资格的人来做某个具体任务，因为知道个人角色必须随 AI 的实施而发展。" 为了适应不断变化的技术，组织也从自上而下的结构转向多学科团队，文章说。
|
||||
|
||||
###3. AI 正在改变教育
|
||||
### 3. AI 正在改变教育
|
||||
|
||||
> AI 将使所有教育生态系统的利益相关者受益。
|
||||
|
||||
尽管教育的预算正在缩减，但是教室的规模却正在增长。因此利用技术的进步有助于提高教育体系的生产率和效率，并在提高教育质量和负担能力方面发挥作用。根据VentureBeat上的一篇文章[《2017 年人工智能是怎样改变教育》][26]，今年我们将看到 AI 对学生们的书面答案进行评分，机器人回答学生的答案，虚拟个人助理辅导学生等等。文章解释说：“AI 将惠及教育生态系统的所有利益相关者。学生将能够通过即时的反馈和指导学习地更好，教师将获得丰富的学习分析和对个性化教学的见解，父母将以更低的成本看到他们的孩子的更好的职业前景，学校能够规模化优质的教育，政府能够向所有人提供可负担得起的教育。"
|
||||
尽管教育的预算正在缩减，但是教室的规模却正在增长。因此利用技术的进步有助于提高教育体系的生产率和效率，并在提高教育质量和负担能力方面发挥作用。根据VentureBeat 上的一篇文章[“2017 年人工智能将怎样改变教育”][26]，今年我们将看到 AI 对学生们的书面答案进行评分，机器人回答学生的问题，虚拟个人助理辅导学生等等。文章解释说：“AI 将惠及教育生态系统的所有利益相关者。学生将能够通过即时的反馈和指导学习地更好，教师将获得丰富的学习分析和对个性化教学的见解，父母将以更低的成本看到他们的孩子的更好的职业前景，学校能够规模化优质的教育，政府能够向所有人提供可负担得起的教育。"
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. 人工智能正在重塑医疗保健
|
||||
|
||||
2017 年 2 月[CB Insights][12]的一篇文章挑选了 106 个医疗保健领域的人工智能初创公司，它们中的很多在过去几年中提高了第一次股权融资。这篇文章说：“在24 家成像和诊断公司中，19 家公司自 2015 年 1 月起就首次公开募股。”这份名单上了有那些从事于远程病人监测，药物发现和肿瘤学方面人工智能的公司。
|
||||
2017 年 2 月 [CB Insights][12] 的一篇文章挑选了 106 个医疗保健领域的人工智能初创公司，它们中的很多在过去几年中提高了第一次股权融资。这篇文章说：“在 24 家成像和诊断公司中，19 家公司自 2015 年 1 月起就首次公开募股。”这份名单上了有那些从事于远程病人监测，药物发现和肿瘤学方面人工智能的公司。
|
||||
|
||||
3 月 16 日发表在 TechCrunch 上的一篇关于 AI 进步如何重塑医疗保健的文章解释说:"一旦对人类的 DNA 有了更好的理解，就有机会更进一步，并能根据他们特殊的生活习性为他们提供个性化的见解"。这种趋势预示着“个性化遗传学”的新纪元，人们能够通过获得关于自己身体的前所未有的信息来充分控制自己的健康。"
|
||||
3 月 16 日发表在 TechCrunch 上的一篇关于 AI 进步如何重塑医疗保健的文章解释说:“一旦对人类的 DNA 有了更好的理解，就有机会更进一步，并能根据他们特殊的生活习性为他们提供个性化的见解。这种趋势预示着‘个性化遗传学’的新纪元，人们能够通过获得关于自己身体的前所未有的信息来充分控制自己的健康。”
|
||||
|
||||
本文接着解释说，AI 和机器学习降低了研发新药的成本和时间。部分得益于广泛的测试，新药进入市场需要 12年 以上的时间。这篇文章说：“机器学习算法可以让计算机根据先前处理的数据来"学习"如何做出预测，或者选择(在某些情况下，甚至是产品)需要做什么实验。类似的算法还可用于预测特定化合物对人体的副作用，这样可以加快审批速度。"这篇文章指出，2015 年旧金山的一个创业公司 [Atomwise][15] 完成了对两种可以减少一天内 Ebola 感染的新药物。
|
||||
本文接着解释说，AI 和机器学习降低了研发新药的成本和时间。部分得益于广泛的测试，新药进入市场需要 12 年以上的时间。这篇文章说：“机器学习算法可以让计算机根据先前处理的数据来‘学习’如何做出预测，或者选择(在某些情况下，甚至是产品)需要做什么实验。类似的算法还可用于预测特定化合物对人体的副作用，这样可以加快审批速度。”这篇文章指出，2015 年旧金山的一个创业公司 [Atomwise][15] 一天内完成了可以减少 Ebola 感染的两种新药物的分析，而不是花费数年时间。
|
||||
|
||||
> AI 正在帮助发现、诊断和治疗新疾病。
|
||||
|
||||
另外一个位于伦敦的初创公司 [BenevolentAI][27] 正在利用人工智能寻找科学文献中的模式。这篇文章说："最近，这家公司找到了两种可能对 Alzheimer 起作用的化合物，引起了很多制药公司的关注。"
|
||||
另外一个位于伦敦的初创公司 [BenevolentAI][27] 正在利用人工智能寻找科学文献中的模式。这篇文章说：“最近，这家公司找到了两种可能对 Alzheimer 起作用的化合物，引起了很多制药公司的关注。"
|
||||
|
||||
除了有助于研发新药，AI正在帮助发现、诊断和治疗新疾病。TechCrunch 上 文章解释说，过去是根据显示的症状诊断疾病，但是现在 AI 正在被用于检测血液中的疾病特征，并利用对数十亿例临床病例分析进行深度学习获得经验来制定治疗计划。这篇文章说：“IBM 的 Watson 正在与纽约的 Memorial Sloan Kettering 合作，消化理解数十年来关于癌症患者和治疗方面的数据，为了向治疗疑难的癌症病例的医生提供和建议治疗方案。”
|
||||
除了有助于研发新药，AI 正在帮助发现、诊断和治疗新疾病。TechCrunch 上文章解释说，过去是根据显示的症状诊断疾病，但是现在 AI 正在被用于检测血液中的疾病特征，并利用对数十亿例临床病例分析进行深度学习获得经验来制定治疗计划。这篇文章说：“IBM 的 Watson 正在与纽约的 Memorial Sloan Kettering 合作，消化理解数十年来关于癌症患者和治疗方面的数据，为了向治疗疑难的癌症病例的医生提供和建议治疗方案。”
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. AI正在改变我们的爱情生活
|
||||
### 5. AI 正在改变我们的爱情生活
|
||||
|
||||
有 195 个国家的超过 5000 万活跃用户通过一个在 2012 年推出的约会应用程序 [Tinder][16] 找到潜在的伴侣。在一篇 [Forbes 采访播客][17]中，Tinder 的创始人兼董事长 Sean Rad spoke 与 Steven Bertoni 对人工智能是如何正在改变人们约会进行过讨论。在一篇[关于采访的文章][18]中，Bertoni 引用了 Rad 说的话，他说:"可能有这样一个时刻，这时 Tinder 非常擅长推测你会感兴趣的人，Tinder 在组织一次约会中可能会做很多跑腿的工作,对吧？"所以，这个 app 会向用户推荐一些附近的同伴，并更进一步，协调彼此的时间安排一次约会，而不只是向用户显示一些有可能的同伴。
|
||||
有 195 个国家的超过 5000 万活跃用户通过一个在 2012 年推出的约会应用程序 [Tinder][16] 找到潜在的伴侣。在一个 [Forbes 采访播客][17]中，Tinder 的创始人兼董事长 Sean Rad spoke 与 Steven Bertoni 对人工智能是如何正在改变人们约会进行过讨论。在[关于此次采访的文章][18]中，Bertoni 引用了 Rad 说的话，他说：“可能有这样一个时刻，Tinder 很好的推测你会感兴趣的人，在组织约会中还可能会做很多跑腿的工作，对吧？”所以，这个 app 会向用户推荐一些附近的同伴，并更进一步，协调彼此的时间安排一次约会，而不只是向用户显示一些有可能的同伴。
|
||||
|
||||
> 我们的后代真的可能会爱上人工智能。
|
||||
|
||||
你爱上了 AI 吗？我们的后代真的可能会爱上人工智能。Raya Bidshahri 发表在 [Singularity Hub][19] 的一篇文章《AI 将如何重新定义爱情》说，几十年的后，我们可能会认为爱情不再受生物学的限制。
|
||||
你爱上了 AI 吗？我们的后代真的可能会爱上人工智能。Raya Bidshahri 发表在 [Singularity Hub][19] 的一篇文章“AI 将如何重新定义爱情”说，几十年的后，我们可能会认为爱情不再受生物学的限制。
|
||||
|
||||
Bidshahri 解释说:"我们的技术符合摩尔定律，正在以惊人的速度增长——智能设备正在越来越多地融入我们的生活。"，他补充道:"到 2029 年，我们将会有和人类同等智慧的 AI,而到 21 世纪 40 年代，AI 将会比人类聪明无数倍。许多人预测，有一天我们会与强大的机器合并，我们自己可能会变成人工智能。"他认为在这样一个世界上那些是不可避免的，人们将会接受与完全的非生物相爱。
|
||||
Bidshahri 解释说：“我们的技术符合摩尔定律，正在以惊人的速度增长 —— 智能设备正在越来越多地融入我们的生活。”，他补充道：“到 2029 年，我们将会有和人类同等智慧的 AI,而到 21 世纪 40 年代，AI 将会比人类聪明无数倍。许多人预测，有一天我们会与强大的机器合并，我们自己可能会变成人工智能。”他认为在这样一个世界上那些是不可避免的，人们将会接受与完全的非生物相爱。
|
||||
|
||||
这听起来有点怪异，但是相比较于未来机器人将统治世界，爱上AI会是一个更乐观的结果。Bidshahri说:"对AI进行编程，让他们能够感受到爱，这将使我们创造出更富有同情心的AI，这可能也是避免很多人忧虑的AI大灾难的关键。"
|
||||
这听起来有点怪异，但是相比较于未来机器人将统治世界，爱上 AI 会是一个更乐观的结果。Bidshahri 说:"对 AI 进行编程，让他们能够感受到爱，这将使我们创造出更富有同情心的 AI，这可能也是避免很多人忧虑的 AI 大灾难的关键。"
|
||||
|
||||
这份 AI 正在入侵我们生活各领域的其中五个方面的清单仅仅只是涉及到了我们身边的人工智能的表面。哪些 AI 创新是让你最兴奋的，或者是让你最烦恼的？大家可以在文章评论区写下你们的感受。
|
||||
这份 AI 正在入侵我们生活各领域的清单只是涉及到了我们身边的人工智能的表面。哪些 AI 创新是让你最兴奋的，或者是让你最烦恼的？大家可以在文章评论区写下你们的感受。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
Rikki Endsley - Rikki Endsley 是开源社区 Opensource.com 的管理员。在过去，她曾做过 Red Hat 开源和标准(OSAS)团队社区传播者;自由技术记者;USENIX 协会的社区管理员; linux 权威杂志 ADMIN 和 Ubuntu User 的合作出版者，还是杂志 Sys Admin 和 UnixReview.com 的主编。在 Twitter上关注她:@rikkiends。
|
||||
Rikki Endsley - Rikki Endsley 是开源社区 Opensource.com 的管理员。在过去，她曾做过 Red Hat 开源和标准（OSAS）团队社区传播者；自由技术记者；USENIX 协会的社区管理员；linux 权威杂志 ADMIN 和 Ubuntu User 的合作出版者，还是杂志 Sys Admin 和 UnixReview.com 的主编。在 Twitter 上关注她：@rikkiends。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user