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IoT Framework for Edge Computing Gains Ground
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The open source EdgeX Foundry project is developing a standardized interoperability framework for Internet of Things (IoT) edge computing.[Used with permission][1]
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In April, The Linux Foundation [launched][3] the open source [EdgeX Foundry][4] project to develop a standardized interoperability framework for Internet of Things (IoT) edge computing. Recently, EdgeX Foundry [announced][5] eight new members, bringing the total membership to 58.
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The new members are Absolute, IoT Impact LABS, inwinSTACK, Parallel Machines, Queen’s University Belfast, RIOT, Toshiba Digital Solutions Corporation, and Tulip Interfaces. They join a roster that includes AMD, Analog Devices, Canonical/Ubuntu, Cloud Foundry, Dell, Linaro, Mocana, NetFoundry, Opto 22, RFMicron, and VMWare, among others.
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EdgeX Foundry is built around Dell’s early stage, Apache 2.0 licensed [FUSE][6] IoT middleware framework, which offers more than a dozen microservices comprising over 125,000 lines of code. The Linux Foundation worked with Dell to launch the EdgeX Foundry after the FUSE project merged with a similar AllJoyn-compliant IoTX project led by current EdgeX members Two Bulls and Beechwood.
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EdgeX Foundry will create and certify an ecosystem of interoperable, plug-and-play components. The open source EdgeX stack will mediate between a variety of sensor network messaging protocols and multiple cloud and analytics platforms. The framework is designed to help facilitate interoperability code that spans edge analytics, security, system management, and services.
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The key benefit for members and their customers is the potential to more easily integrating pre-certified software for IoT gateways and smart edge devices. “EdgeX Foundry reduces the challenges that we face in deploying multi-vendor solutions in the real world,” said Dan Mahoney, Lead Engineer for [IoT Impact LABS][7], in an interview with Linux.com.
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Why would The Linux Foundation launch another IoT standardization group while it’s still consolidating its AllSeen Alliance project’s AllJoyn spec into its [IoTivity standard][8]? For one thing, EdgeX Foundry differs from IoTivity in that for now it’s focused exclusively on industrial rather than both consumer and industrial IoT. Even more specifically, it targets middleware for gateways and smart endpoints. The projects also differ in that IoTivity is more about interoperability of existing products while EdgeX hopes to shape new products with pre-certified building blocks.
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“IoTivity provides a device protocol enabling seamless device-to-device connectivity, while EdgeX Foundry provides a framework for edge computing,” said Philip DesAutels, PhD Senior Director of IoT at The Linux Foundation. “With EdgeX Foundry, any protocol -- IoTivity, BacNet, EtherCat, etc. -- can be integrated to enable multi-protocol communications between devices implementing a variety of protocols and a common edge framework. The goal is to create an ecosystem of interoperable components to reduce uncertainty, accelerate time to market, and facilitate scale.”
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Last month, the IoTivity project, which is backed by the [Open Connectivity Foundation][9] (OCF), as well as The Linux Foundation, released [IoTivity 1.3][10], which adds bridges to the once rival AllJoyn spec backed by the Allseen Alliance, and also adds hooks to the OCF’s UPnP device discovery standard. The IoTivity and AllJoyn standards should achieve even greater integration in [IoTivity 2.0][11].
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IoTivity and EdgeX are “highly complementary,” DesAutels told Linux.com. “Since there are several members of EdgeX Foundry that are also involved in either IoTivity or OCF, the project anticipates strong partnerships between IoTivity and EdgeX.”
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Although both EdgeX and IoTivity are billed as being cross-platform in both CPU architecture and OS, IoTivity is still primarily a Linux driven effort -- spanning Ubuntu, Tizen, and Android -- that is now expanding to Windows and iOS. By comparison, EdgeX Foundry is designed from the start to be fully cross-platform, regardless of CPU architecture or OS, including Linux, Windows, and Mac OS, and potentially real-time operating systems (RTOSes).
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One of the new EdgeX members is the [RIOT][12] project, which offers an open source, IoT-oriented RIOT RTOS. “RIOT starts where Linux doesn’t fit so it is natural for the RIOT community to participate and support complementary open-source initiatives like EdgeX Foundry for edge computing,” stated RIOT’s Thomas Eichinger in a testimonial quote.
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### Easing sensor integration
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IoT Impact LABS (aka Impact LABS or just plain LABS) is another new EdgeX member. The company has a novel business model of helping small-to-medium sized businesses live pilot IoT solutions. Most of its clients, which include several EdgeX Foundry members, are working on projects for enabling smart cities, resilient infrastructure, improved food security, as well as solutions designed for communities facing natural resource challenges.
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“At LABS we spend a lot of time troubleshooting new solutions for our pilot hosts,” said Dan Mahoney. “EdgeX Foundry will let us deploy faster with high-quality solutions by keeping the edge software development efforts to a minimum.”
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The framework will be especially helpful in projects that involve many types of sensors from multiple vendors. “EdgeX Foundry gives us the ability to rapidly build gateway software to handle all the sensors being deployed,” added Mahoney. Sensor manufacturers will be able to use the EdgeX SDK to write a single application-level device driver for a given protocol that can then be used by multiple vendors and solutions.
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### Bringing analytics to the edge
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When asked how his company would like to see the EdgeX framework evolve, Mahoney said: “A goal we would like to encourage is to have multiple industrial protocols available as device services -- and a clear path for implementing edge analytics.”
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Edge computing analytics is a growing trend in both industrial and consumer IoT. In the latter, we’ve already seen several smart home [hubs integrating analytics][13] technology such as Alexa voice activated AI support or video analytics. This typically requires offloading processing to cloud services, which poses challenges in security and privacy, potential service loss due to provider outages, and latency issues.
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With industrial IoT gateways, latency is the most important issue. As a result, there’s growing interest in adding more cloud-like intelligence to IoT gateways. One solution is to securely bring cloud-like applications to embedded devices via containers, as with [ResinOS and Ubuntu Core’s snap mechanisms][14]. Another approach is to develop IoT ecosystems that shift more cloud intelligence to the edge. Last month, Amazon released its AWS Lambda based [AWS Greengrass][15]IoT stack for Linux based gateways. The software enables AWS compute, messaging, data caching, and sync capabilities to run on connected devices such as IoT gateways.
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Analytics is a key element of the EdgeX Foundry roadmap. One founding member is Cloud Foundry, which is aiming to integrate its industry leading cloud application platform with edge devices. Another new member -- [Parallel Machines][16] -- plans to leverage EdgeX to help it bring AI to the edge.
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It’s still early days at EdgeX Foundry. The software is still in alpha stage, and the company had its first big meeting only last month. The project has initiated a series of “Tech Talks” training sessions for new developers. More information may be found [here][17].
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via: https://www.linux.com/blog/2017/7/iot-framework-edge-computing-gains-ground
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作者：[ ERIC BROWN][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.linux.com/users/ericstephenbrown
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[1]:https://www.linux.com/licenses/category/used-permission
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[2]:https://www.linux.com/files/images/edgexpng-0
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[3]:http://linuxgizmos.com/open-source-group-focuses-on-industrial-iot-gateway-middleware/
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[4]:https://www.edgexfoundry.org/
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[5]:https://www.edgexfoundry.org/announcement/2017/07/17/edgex-foundry-builds-momentum-for-a-iot-interoperability-and-a-unified-marketplace-with-eight-new-members/
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[6]:https://medium.com/@gigastacey/dell-plans-an-open-source-iot-stack-3dde43f24feb
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[7]:https://iotimpactlabs.com/
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[8]:https://www.linux.com/news/how-iotivity-and-alljoyn-could-combine
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[9]:https://openconnectivity.org/developer/specifications/international-standards
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[10]:https://wiki.iotivity.org/release_note_1.3.0
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[11]:https://www.linux.com/news/iotivity-20-whats-store
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[12]:https://riot-os.org/
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[13]:https://www.linux.com/news/smart-linux-home-hubs-mix-iot-ai
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[14]:https://www.linux.com/news/future-iot-containers-aim-solve-security-crisis
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[15]:http://linuxgizmos.com/amazon-releases-aws-greengrass-for-local-iot-processing-on-linux-devices/
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[16]:https://www.parallelmachines.com/
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[17]:https://wiki.edgexfoundry.org/
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#IoT边缘计算框架的新进展
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---
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开源项目 EdgeX Foundry 旨在开发一个标准化的互操作物联网边缘计算框架.[使用权限获取](https://www.linux.com/licenses/category/used-permission).
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在4月, Linux 基金组织[启动](http://linuxgizmos.com/open-source-group-focuses-on-industrial-iot-gateway-middleware/)了开发一个标准化互操作物联网边缘计算框架的开源项目[EdgeX Foundry](https://www.edgexfoundry.org/). 就在最近, EdgeX Foundry 又[宣布](https://www.edgexfoundry.org/announcement/2017/07/17/edgex-foundry-builds-momentum-for-a-iot-interoperability-and-a-unified-marketplace-with-eight-new-members/)新增 8 个成员, 其总成员达到 58.
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这些新成员是 Absolute, IoT Impact LABS, inwinStack, Parallel Machines, Queen's University Belfast, RIOT, Toshiba Digital Solutions Corporation, 和 Tulip Interfaces. 其原有成员包括 AMD, Analog Devices, Canonical/Ubuntu, Cloud Foundry, Dell, Linaro, Mocana, NetFoundry, Opto 22, RFMicron 和 VMWare 等其他公司或组织.
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戴尔贡献出其基于 Apache2.0 协议的[FUSE](https://medium.com/@gigastacey/dell-plans-an-open-source-iot-stack-3dde43f24feb)框架源码作为 EdgeX Foundry 项目的种子，其中包括十几个微服务和超过 12.5 万行代码. Linux 基金会和 Dell 将合并 FUSE 和 AllJoyn-compliant IoTX 项目, 后者是由现有 EdgeX Foundry 成员 Two Bulls 和 Beechwood 发起的与 FUSE 相似的一个项目. 待合并完成 Linux 基金组织将正式宣布启动 EdgeX Foundry 项目.
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EdgeX Foundry 将创造一个互操作性的, 即插即用的物联网边缘计算组件生态系统. 开源 EdgeX 栈将协调多样的传感器网络与后台数据处理云平台间的消息协议. 该框架旨在充分挖掘横跨边缘计算, 安全, 系统管理和微服务等模块间的通用代码.
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对于项目成员及其客户来说, 其关注焦点在于借助于 IoT 网关和智能边缘设备,预认证的软件可方便集成的可能性. 在 Linux.com 的一次采访中, [IoT Impact LABS](https://iotimpactlabs.com/) 的首席工程师, Dan Mahoney 说:"现实中, EdgeX Foundry 降低我们在部署囊括多供应商解决方案时所面对的挑战."
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Linux 基金组织,在将 AllSeen Alliance 的 AllJoyn 项目合并到 [IoTivity](https://www.linux.com/news/how-iotivity-and-alljoyn-could-combine) 的情况下, 为什么Linux基金组织发起了另外一个物联网标准化项目 (EdgeX Foundry)? 原因之一, EdgeX Foundry 不同于 IoTivity, IoTivity 主要解决工业物联网问题, 而 EdgeX Foundry 旨在一站解决消费级和工业级物联网全部的问题. 更具体来说, EdgeX Foundry 旨在成为网关和智能终端的通用中间件. EdgeX Foundry 与 IoTivity 的另一个不同在于, 前者希望借助预连接的终端塑造一种新产品, 后者更多解决现存产品之间的互操作性.
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Linux 基金会 IoT 高级总监 Philip DesAutels 说:"IoTivity 提供实现设备之间无缝连接的协议, 而 EdgeX Foundry 提供了一个边缘计算框架. EdgeX Foundry 能够兼容如 IoTivity, BacNet, EtherCat 等任何协议设备, 从而实现集成多协议通信系统的通用边缘计算框架, 该项目的目标是为构建互操作组件的生态系统的过程中, 降低不确定性, 缩短市场化时间, 更好地产生规模效应."
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上个月, 由 [Open Connectivity Foundation](https://openconnectivity.org/developer/specifications/international-standards) (OCF) 和 Linux 基金组织共同发起的 IoTivity项目发布了 [IoTivity 1.3](https://wiki.iotivity.org/release_note_1.3.0), 该版本增加 了与其曾经的对手 AllJoyn spec 的纽带, 也增加了对于 OCF 的 UPnP 设备的接口. 预计在 [IoTivity 2.0](https://www.linux.com/news/iotivity-20-whats-store) 中, IoTivity 和 AllJoyn 将会更进一步深入集成.
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DesAutels 告诉 linux.com, IoTivity 和 EdgeX 是高度互补的, 其原因是 EdgeX 项目和IoTivity 项目有好几个共同成员, 如此更强化了 IoTivity 和 EdgeX 的互补关系.
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尽管 IoTivity 和 EdgeX 都宣称是跨平台,包括 CPU 架构和 OS, 但是二者还是存在一定区别. IoTivity 最初是基于 Linux 平台设计, 兼容 Ubuntu, Tizen 和 Android 等 Linux 系列 OS, 后来逐步扩展到 Windows 和 IOS 操作系统. 与之对应的 EdgeX 设计之初就是基于跨平台的理念, 其完美兼容于各种 CPU 架构, 以及 Linux, Windows 和 Mac OS 等操作系统. 未来还将兼容于实时操作系统(RTOSes).
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EdgeX 的新成员 [RIOT](https://riot-os.org/) 提供了一个开源项目 RIOT RTOS. RIOT 的主要维护者 Thomas Eichinger 在一次重要报告时说:"由于 RIOT 初衷就是致力于解决 linux 不太适应的问题, 故对于 RIOT 社区来说,参加和支持类似于 EdgeX Foundry 等与 Linux 互补性社区的积极性是自然而然的."
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##传感器集成的简化
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IoT Impact LABS (也叫aka impact LABS 或直接称为 LABS) 是另一个 EdgeX 新成员. 该公司推出了一个独特的业务, 旨在帮助中小企业度过物联网解决方案的试用阶段. 该公司的大部分客户, 其中包括几个 EdgeX Foundry 的项目成员, 是致力于建设智慧城市, 基础设施再利用, 提高食品安全, 以及解决会社面临的自然资源缺乏的挑战.
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Dan Mahoney 说:"在 LABS 我们花费了很多时间来调和试点客户的解决方案之间的差异性. EdgeX Foundry 可以最小化部署边缘软件系统的工作量,从而使我们能够更快更好地部署高质量的解决方案."
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该框架在涉及多个供应商, 多种类型传感器的场景尤其凸显优势. "Edgex Foundry 将为我们提供快速构建网关的能力, 以及快速部署传感器的能力." Mahoney 补充说到. 传感器制造商将借助 EdgeX SDK 烧写应用层协议驱动到边缘设备, 该协议能够兼容多供应商和解决方案.
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##边缘分析能力的构建
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当我们问到, Mahoney 的公司想要见到 EdgeX Foundry 怎样的发展时, 他说:"我们喜见乐闻的一个目标是有更多有效的工业协议作为设备服务出现, 一个更清晰的边缘计算实现路径."
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在工业物联网和消费级物联网中边缘计算都呈现增长趋势. 在后者, 我们已经看到如 Alexa 的智能声控以及录像分析等几个智能家居系统集成了边缘计算分析技术. 这减轻了云服务平台的计算负荷, 但同时也带来了安全, 隐私, 以及由于政策和供应商中断引起的服务中断问题.
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对于工业物联网网关, 隐私问题成为首要的问题. 因此, 在物联网网关方面出现了一些类似于云服务功能的扩展. 其中一个解决方案是, 为了安全将一些云服务上的安全保障应用借助容器如 [RIOS 与 Ubuntu 内核快照机制](https://www.linux.com/news/future-iot-containers-aim-solve-security-crisis)等方式集成到嵌入式设备. 另一种方案是, 开发 IoT 系统迁移云功能到边缘. 上个月, Amazon 为基于 linux 的网关发布了实现 [AWS Greengrass](http://linuxgizmos.com/amazon-releases-aws-greengrass-for-local-iot-processing-on-linux-devices/) 物联网协议栈的 AWS lambda. 该软件能够使计算, 消息路由, 数据收集和同步能力在边缘设备上完成,如物联网网关.
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分析能力是 EdgeX Foundry 的一个关键功能要点. 发起成员 Cloud Foundry 是旨在集成其主要的工业应用平台到边缘设备. 另一个新成员 [Parallel Machines](https://www.parallelmachines.com/) 计划利用EdgeX将AI带到边缘设备.
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EdgeX Foundry 仍然在项目早期, 软件仍然在 α 阶段, 其成员在上个月才刚刚进行了第一次全体成员大会. 同时项目已经为新开发者准备了一些初始训练课程, 另外从[这里](https://wiki.edgexfoundry.org/)也能获取更多的信息.
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原文连接: [https://www.linux.com/blog/2017/7/iot-framework-edge-computing-gains-ground](https://www.linux.com/blog/2017/7/iot-framework-edge-computing-gains-ground)
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作者： [ERIC BROWN](https://www.linux.com/users/ericstephenbrown) 译者：penghuster 校对：校对者ID
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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