From d4d5cf45561606316f713eb528acafd94098ce76 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DarkSun Date: Wed, 20 Jan 2021 05:05:18 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?=E9=80=89=E9=A2=98[tech]:=2020210119=20Set=20up?= =?UTF-8?q?=20a=20Linux=20cloud=20on=20bare=20metal?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit sources/tech/20210119 Set up a Linux cloud on bare metal.md --- ...0119 Set up a Linux cloud on bare metal.md | 128 ++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 128 insertions(+) create mode 100644 sources/tech/20210119 Set up a Linux cloud on bare metal.md diff --git a/sources/tech/20210119 Set up a Linux cloud on bare metal.md b/sources/tech/20210119 Set up a Linux cloud on bare metal.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..5445ad9141 --- /dev/null +++ b/sources/tech/20210119 Set up a Linux cloud on bare metal.md @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ +[#]: collector: (lujun9972) +[#]: translator: ( ) +[#]: reviewer: ( ) +[#]: publisher: ( ) +[#]: url: ( ) +[#]: subject: (Set up a Linux cloud on bare metal) +[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/21/1/cloud-image-virt-install) +[#]: author: (Sumantro Mukherjee https://opensource.com/users/sumantro) + +Set up a Linux cloud on bare metal +====== +Create cloud images with virt-install on Fedora. +![Sky with clouds and grass][1] + +Virtualization is one of the most used technologies. Fedora Linux uses [Cloud Base images][2] to create general-purpose virtual machines (VM), but there are many ways to set up Cloud Base images. Recently, the virt-install command-line tool for provisioning VMs added support for **cloud-init**, so it can now be used to configure and run a cloud image locally. + +This article walks through how to set up a base Fedora cloud instance on bare metal. The same steps can be used with any raw or Qcow2 Cloud Base image. + +### What is --cloud-init? + +The **virt-install** command creates a KVM, Xen, or [LXC][3] guest using **libvirt**. The `--cloud-init` option uses a local file (called a **nocloud datasource**) so you don't need a network connection to create an image. The **nocloud** method derives user data and metadata for the guest from an iso9660 filesystem (an `.iso` file) during the first boot. When you use this option, **virt-install** generates a random (and temporary) password for the root user account, provides a serial console so you can log in and change your password, and then disables the `--cloud-init` option for subsequent boots.  + +### Set up a Fedora Cloud Base image + +First, [download a Fedora Cloud Base (for OpenStack) image][2]. + +![Fedora Cloud website screenshot][4] + +(Sumantro Mukherjee, [CC BY-SA 4.0][5]) + +Then install the **virt-install** command: + + +``` +`$ sudo dnf install virt-install` +``` + +Once **virt-install** is installed and the Fedora Cloud Base image is downloaded, create a small YAML file named `cloudinit-user-data.yaml` to contain a few configuration lines that virt-install will use. + + +``` +#cloud-config +password: 'r00t' +chpasswd: { expire: false } +``` + +This simple cloud-config sets the password for the default **fedora** user. If you want to use a password that expires, you can set it to expire after logging in. + +Create and boot the VM: + + +``` +$ virt-install --name local-cloud18012709 \ +\--memory 2000 --noreboot \ +\--os-variant detect=on,name=fedora-unknown \ +\--cloud-init user-data="/home/r3zr/cloudinit-user-data.yaml" \ +\--disk=size=10,backing_store="/home/r3zr/Downloads/Fedora-Cloud-Base-33-1.2.x86_64.qcow2" +``` + +In this example, `local-cloud18012709` is the name of the virtual machine, RAM is set to 2000MiB, disk size (the virtual hard drive) is set to 10GB, and `--cloud-init` and `backing_store` contain the absolute path to the YAML config file you created and the Qcow2 image you downloaded. + +### Log in + +After the image is created, you can log in with the username **fedora** and the password set in the YAML file (in my example, this is **r00t**, but you may have used something different). Change your password once you've logged in for the first time. + +To power off your virtual machine, execute the `sudo poweroff` command, or press **Ctrl**+**]** on your keyboard. + +### Start, stop, and kill VMs + +The `virsh` command is used to start, stop, and kill VMs. + +To start any VM that is running: + + +``` +`$ virsh start ` +``` + +To stop any running VM: + + +``` +`$ virsh shutdown ` +``` + +To list all VMs that are in a running state: + + +``` +`$ virsh list` +``` + +To destroy the VMs: + + +``` +`$ virsh destroy ` +``` + +![Destroying a VM][6] + +(Sumantro Mukherjee, [CC BY-SA 4.0][5]) + +### Fast and easy + +The **virt-install** command combined with the `--cloud-init` option makes it fast and easy to create cloud-ready images without worrying about whether you have a cloud to run them on yet.  Whether you're preparing for a a major deployment or just learning about containers, give `virt-install --cloud-init` a try. + +Do you have a favourite tool for your work in the cloud? Tell us about them in the comments. + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://opensource.com/article/21/1/cloud-image-virt-install + +作者：[Sumantro Mukherjee][a] +选题：[lujun9972][b] +译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://opensource.com/users/sumantro +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/bus-cloud.png?itok=vz0PIDDS (Sky with clouds and grass) +[2]: https://alt.fedoraproject.org/cloud/ +[3]: https://www.redhat.com/sysadmin/exploring-containers-lxc +[4]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/fedoracloud.png (Fedora Cloud website) +[5]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ +[6]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/destroyvm.png (Destroying a VM)