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[#]: subject: "Why now is a great time to consider a career in open source hardware"
[#]: via: "https://opensource.com/article/21/11/open-source-hardware-careers"
[#]: author: "Joshua Pearce https://opensource.com/users/jmpearce"
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: "zengyi1001"
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
Why now is a great time to consider a career in open source hardware
======
Open source hardware is now a field of its own and it is growing
rapidly.
![open source hardware shaking hands][1]
It has become commonplace in the software industry for programmers of all flavors to build careers writing code that releases to the commons with open source licenses. Industry headhunters often demand access to the code to vet future employees. Those that focus their career on open source development get rewarded. According to payscale.com, Linux sysadmins earn more than their Windows counterparts, indicating better pay and job security for jobs in open source software. There's also a good feeling (maybe even karma) that comes with sharing your work. You know you are creating value literally for the entire world. Historically, such opportunities did not exist for those of us that work in open hardware. 
Twenty years or so ago, almost no one even knew what open source hardware was, let alone planned a career around it. In 2000, for example, out of the more than 2 million academic papers published that year in the entire world, only seven articles even mentioned "open source hardware" at all. When I first wrote [_Open-Source Lab_][2], I'd collected every example (only a few dozen) and could easily keep up and read every open hardware article that got published to post them on a wiki. I am happy to report that is no longer physically possible. There have already been over 1,500 articles that discuss "open source hardware" this year, and I am sure many more will be out by year's end. Open source hardware is now a field of its own, with a few journals dedicated to it specifically (for example, [_HardwareX_][3] and the [_Journal of Open Hardware_][4]). In a wide range of fields, dozens of traditional journals now routinely cover the latest open hardware developments.
![Smart open source 3-D printing][5]
Developing smart open source 3-D printing (Joshua Pearce, [GNU-FDL][6])
Even a decade ago, stressing open source hardware development was somewhat of a risk from a career perspective. I remember downplaying it on my resume for my last job and stressing my more conventional work. Supervisors in industry and academia had difficulty figuring out how you'd capture value if designs were given away and got manufactured elsewhere. This has all been changing. Like free and open source software, open source hardware development is faster and, dare I say, superior to proprietary approaches.
![Open source recycle bot][7]
(Joshua Pearce, [GNU-FDL][6])
There are plenty of successful [open hardware business models][8] for every kind of enterprise. With the rise of digital manufacturing (largely due to open source development), the lines have blurred between open source software and open source hardware. Open source software like [FreeCAD][9] enables open designs to be made and then used in built-in CAM to get fabricated on open source laser cutters, CNC mills, or 3-D printers. [OpenSCAD][10], an open source script-based CAD package, in particular, really blurs the lines between software and hardware so much that code and physical design become synonymous. Many of us started speaking out about open hardware openly. I made it a core thrust of my research program, first making my own equipment open source and then working on open hardware development for others. I was far from alone. As a community, we had gained enough critical mass that the [Open Source Hardware Association][11] (OSHWA) got founded in 2012. Today, almost a decade later, career prospects in open source hardware are totally different: Hundreds of open source hardware companies exist, the Internet is swimming with millions (millions!) of open source designs, and the interest in open source hardware in the academic literature has been rising exponentially. 
![Open source production for solar photovoltaics][12]
Developing open source production for solar photovoltaics (Joshua Pearce, [GNU-FDL][6])
There are even jobs meant to push a faster transition to ubiquitous open source hardware. For example, the Internet of Production (IoP) Alliance in developing Open Data Standards and growing the community of users of these standards has [positions open now][13] for Operations & Communications Officer, Data standards Community Support Manager, and DevOps engineer. I was just hired into a tenured endowed chair at [Western University in Canada,][14] a top 1% global university, **because** of my open source hardware work, not in spite of it. The position is cross-pointed with the [Ivey Business School,][15] the #1 business school in Canada. My job is to help the University rapidly evolve to take advantage of open source technology development opportunities. To put my money where my mouth is, I am [currently hiring][16] graduate students at the masters and PhD levels, including a full-tuition scholarship and a living stipend. These [Free Appropriate Sustainability Technology (FAST) Lab][17] graduate engineering positions are specifically reserved for developing open source hardware for a range of applications covering solar photovoltaic systems, distributed recycling, and emergency food production. This type of work gets more frequently financed by funders who want to maximize [return on their investment for research][18]. Entire nations are moving in this direction. The latest good example is France, which just published its [second plan for Open Science][19]. I have noticed a marked uptick in the number of "open source" keyword grants listed on [GrantForward][20] for open source funding in the US. Many foundations have already received the open source memo loud and clear—so there is a growing deluge of opportunities in open source R&D.
So if you have not already, maybe it is time for you to consider open source as a career, even if you are an engineer that likes to develop hardware.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/21/11/open-source-hardware-careers
作者：[Joshua Pearce][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/jmpearce
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/open-source-hardware.png?itok=vS4MBRSh (shaking hands open source hardware)
[2]: https://www.appropedia.org/Open-source_Lab
[3]: https://www.hardware-x.com/
[4]: https://openhardware.metajnl.com/
[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/smart-open-source-3d-printing.png (Smart open source 3-D printing)
[6]: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl-1.3.en.html
[7]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/pictures/open-source-recyclebot_0.jpg (Open source recycle bot)
[8]: https://doi.org/10.5334/joh.4
[9]: https://www.freecadweb.org/
[10]: https://openscad.org/
[11]: https://www.oshwa.org/
[12]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/open-source-solar-photovoltaics.png (Open source production for solar photovoltaics)
[13]: https://www.internetofproduction.org/hiring
[14]: https://www.uwo.ca/
[15]: https://www.ivey.uwo.ca/
[16]: https://www.appropedia.org/FAST_application_process
[17]: https://www.appropedia.org/Category:FAST
[18]: https://www.academia.edu/13799962/Return_on_Investment_for_Open_Source_Hardware_Development
[19]: https://www.ouvrirlascience.fr/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Second_French_Plan-for-Open-Science_web.pdf
[20]: https://www.grantforward.com/index

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[#]: subject: "Why now is a great time to consider a career in open source hardware"
[#]: via: "https://opensource.com/article/21/11/open-source-hardware-careers"
[#]: author: "Joshua Pearce https://opensource.com/users/jmpearce"
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: "zengyi1001"
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
Why now is a great time to consider a career in open source hardware
为什么说现在是考虑从事开源硬件职业的好时机
======
开源硬件现在有了自己的专属领域并且正在快速的成长中。
![open source hardware shaking hands][1]
在软件行业中，各种风格的程序员通过编写代码并且使用开源许可发布到公共场所来构建自己的职业生涯，已经变得司空见惯。产业界的猎头们通常要求访问他们未来员工候选人的代码。哪些将自己职业生涯专注在开源项目开发的人得到了回报。从 payscale.com 网站得知，Linux 系统管理员的收入比他们的 Windows 管理员同行要高，说明从事开源软件领域可以获得更高的报酬和更稳定的工作机会。分享你的工作会让你感觉非常好（这甚至可能是一种因果报应），你知道自己正在为整个世界创造价值。历史上，这样的机会可从来没有为我们这些工作在开源硬件领域的人存在过。
大约20年前，没有人知道开源硬件是什么，更别说围绕它规划自己的职业生涯了。举例而言，在2000年全世界发表了超过200万篇学术论文，却只有7篇文章提到过“开源硬件”。在我第一次写 [_Open-Source Lab_][2]的时候，我收集了每一个案例（其实也就几十个）并且可以轻松的跟上和阅读每一篇发布的关于开源硬件的文章，还把它们发布到一个维基上。我很高兴的报告大家这种情况现在已经在物理上成为了不可能。今年已经有超过1500篇文章在讨论“开源硬件”，而且我相信年底的时候还会有更多的文章发表出来。开源硬件现在已经发展出来了自己的领域，有一些专门报导它的杂志（比如说 [_HardwareX_][3] 和 [_Journal of Open Hardware_][4])。在广泛的领域，数十种传统杂志现在也会定期报道最新的开源硬件的发展。
![Smart open source 3-D printing][5]
开发智能开源硬件 3-D 打印 (Joshua Pearce, [GNU-FDL][6])
即使是在十年前，从职业生涯的角度看，着重于开源硬件开发在某种程度上也是一种冒险。我记得在我上一份工作的简历中，我淡化了和它相关的内容，更多的强调了我的传统工作。工业界和学术界的管理人员难以明白如果这些设计被赠与出去并在其他地方生产制造，你又怎样获得收益。这一切都在改变。和自由与开源的软件一样开源硬件开发要更快，而且我敢说，会优于私有开发模式。
![Open source recycle bot][7]
(Joshua Pearce, [GNU-FDL][6])
对于每一种企业，都有大量成功的[开放硬件商业模式][8]。随着数字制造的兴起（主要是由于开源开发），开源软件和开源硬件之间的界限变得模糊。像 [FreeCAD][9] 这样的开源软件可以制作开放式设计，然后在内置 CAM 中使用，以便在开源激光切割机、CNC 铣床或 3D 打印机上进行制造。 [OpenSCAD][10] 是一个基于开源脚本的 CAD 包，尤其是它确实模糊了软件和硬件之间的界限，以至于代码和物理设计成为同义词。我们中的许多人开始公开谈论开放硬件。我把它作为我研究计划的核心推动力，首先让我自己的设备开源，然后为其他人开发开放硬件。我并不孤单。作为一个社区，我们已经获得了足够的临界质量，以至于 [开源硬件协会][11] (OSHWA) 于 2012 年成立。如今，差不多十年后，开源硬件的职业前景完全不同：数百个开源硬件硬件公司存在，互联网上涌现出数百万（数百万！）个开源设计，学术文献中对开源硬件的兴趣呈指数级增长。
![Open source production for solar photovoltaics][12]
太阳能光伏产业的开源生产
为太阳能光伏开发开源产品。(Joshua Pearce, [GNU-FDL][6])
甚至有些工作的目标就是促进更快过渡到无处不在的开源硬件。例如，开发开放数据标准和发展这些标准的用户社区的互联网产业 (IoP) 联盟现在已经为运营通信员、数据标准社区支持经理和 DevOps 工程师提供了[职位][13]。正是由于**我在开源硬件上方面的工作**，我刚被聘为[加拿大西部大学][14]，这所世界排名前 1% 的大学的终身讲席主席。该职位与加拿大排名第一的商学院 [Ivey Business School,][15] 相交叉。我的工作是帮助大学快速发展，抓住开源技术发展机会。说到做到，我现在正[招聘][16]硕士和博士水平的毕业生，包含全额奖学金和生活津贴。这些[免费适用的可持续性技术 (FAST) 实验室][17] 的研究生工程职位专门用于开发开源硬件，用于太阳能光伏系统、分布式回收和紧急食品生产等一系列应用。这种工作得到了那些想要最大化[他们的研究投资回报][18]的资助者的更频繁的资助。整个国家都在朝着这个方向前进。最近的好例子是法国，它刚刚发布了[第二个开放科学计划][19]。我注意到 [GrantForward][20] 上列出的，用于美国开源资金的“开源”关键字资助的数量显着增加。许多基金会已经大声而清晰地收到了开源备忘录——因此开源研发的机会越来越多。
因此，如果你还没开始的话，也许是时候考虑将开源作为一种职业，即使您是一名喜欢开发硬件的工程师。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/21/11/open-source-hardware-careers
作者：[Joshua Pearce][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/zengyi1001)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/jmpearce
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/open-source-hardware.png?itok=vS4MBRSh (shaking hands open source hardware)
[2]: https://www.appropedia.org/Open-source_Lab
[3]: https://www.hardware-x.com/
[4]: https://openhardware.metajnl.com/
[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/smart-open-source-3d-printing.png (Smart open source 3-D printing)
[6]: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl-1.3.en.html
[7]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/pictures/open-source-recyclebot_0.jpg (Open source recycle bot)
[8]: https://doi.org/10.5334/joh.4
[9]: https://www.freecadweb.org/
[10]: https://openscad.org/
[11]: https://www.oshwa.org/
[12]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/open-source-solar-photovoltaics.png (Open source production for solar photovoltaics)
[13]: https://www.internetofproduction.org/hiring
[14]: https://www.uwo.ca/
[15]: https://www.ivey.uwo.ca/
[16]: https://www.appropedia.org/FAST_application_process
[17]: https://www.appropedia.org/Category:FAST
[18]: https://www.academia.edu/13799962/Return_on_Investment_for_Open_Source_Hardware_Development
[19]: https://www.ouvrirlascience.fr/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Second_French_Plan-for-Open-Science_web.pdf
[20]: https://www.grantforward.com/index