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翻译完成20141226 The Good The Bad And The Ugly Of Linux In 2014.md
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Translating by H-mudcup
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The Good, The Bad And The Ugly Of Linux In 2014
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================================================================================
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Year 2014 is coming to an end and this is the time to summarize some of the **biggest Linux stories in year 2014**. All year round we have followed some good, some bad and some ugly stories related to Linux and Open Source. Let’ have a quick recap on how was the year 2014 for Linux.
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### The Good ###
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First and foremost, let’s see what were the positive stories for Linux lovers in 2014.
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#### Netflix on Linux ####
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Linux users have been trying several workaround to make Netflix work on Linux from using Wine to [using beta features in Chrome][1]. Good thing is that Netflix finally brought native support on Linux in year 2014 bringing smiles on the faces of Linux users where Netflix is available. People would still have to rely on workaround to [use Netflix outside US][2] (and other countries where Netflix is available officially).
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#### Open Source/Linux adoption in European countries ####
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Give the credit to economic meltdown, if you want, but Linux and Open Source adoption has been gripping European cities. I am not talking about Linux adoption by individuals but by government and authorities. All year round we heard stories of how [French][3] and [Italian cities saved millions of Euro by switching to Linux][4] and Open Office. And the trend was not limited just to Italy and France, the same could be seen in Spain, [Switzerland][5] and [Germany][6].
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#### Windows 10 takes inspiration from Linux ####
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The upcoming release of Microsoft’s flagship operating system, Windows will be called Windows 10 (no Windows 9). And Windows 10 boasts of a number of new features. But these ‘new features’ are new to Microsoft world only and most of those have been existing in Linux world for years. Have a look at such [Windows 10 features copied from Linux][7].
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### The Bad ###
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Everything was not rosy for Linux in year 2014. Some events happened that dented the image of Linux/Open Source.
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#### Heartbleed ####
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In April this year, a vulnerability was detected in [OpenSSL][8]. This bug, named [Heartbleed][9], impacted over half a million ‘secured’ websites including Facebook and Google. The bug actually allowed anyone to read memory of the system and hence giving the access to the key that is used to encrypt the traffic. A [comic at xkcd explains the Heartbleed][10] in easier way. Needless to say that this vulnerability was fixed in an update to OpenSSL.
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#### Shellshock ####
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As if Heartbleed was not enough, Linux world was further rocked in September with a vulnerability in Bash. The bug, named [Shellshock][11], further put Linux system at risk of remote attacks. The vulnerability was exploited by hackers to launch DDoS attacks. An update to Bash version supposedly fixed the issue.
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#### Ubuntu Phone and Steam Console ####
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Promises after promises, hopes after hopes. But even in year 2014 no one saw Ubuntu Phone or Steam gaming consoles. Lots of talks were around Ubuntu Phone tough. From February 2014 release to September to December, finally it is (hopefully slotted) for February 2015 release. No information on Steam consoles though. Read more for [Ubuntu Phone specification, price and release date][12].
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### The Ugly ###
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Things turned ugly with war over systemd adoption.
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### systemd controversy ###
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[init vs systemd][13] dispute is going on for some time. But it turned ugly in 2014 as systemd poised to replace init on several major Linux distribution including Debian, Ubuntu, OpenSUSE, Arch Linux and Fedora. It turned so ugly that it was not just limited to boycottsystemd.org like websites. Lennart Poettering (lead developer and author of systemd) claimed in a [Google Plus post][14] that anti systemd people were “collecting bitcoins to hire a hitman to kill him”. Lennart went on calling Open Source community “a sick place to be in”. People have taken this battle as far as forking Debian to a new OS named [Devuan][15].
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### And the weird ###
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Along with the good, the bad and the ugly comes the weird and that weird is none other than Microsoft.
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#### Microsoft loves Linux ####
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Yes! You read it right. [Microsoft loves Linux][16]. The same Microsoft whose CEO Steve Ballmer had once said that [Linux is cancer][17]. Change in Microsoft leadership saw some changes in its approach towards Linux and Open Source when the new CEO Satya Nadella announced that Microsoft loves Linux. This new found love for Linux is actually Microsoft’s attempt to make [Azure][18] as a better cloud platform. For this purpose it needs Hyper-V (core of Azure) virtualization to work with Linux. This desperation has made [Microsoft, fifth biggest contributor to Linux kernel][19].
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://itsfoss.com/biggest-linux-stories-2014/
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作者：[Abhishek][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://itsfoss.com/author/Abhishek/
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[1]:http://itsfoss.com/watch-netflix-in-ubuntu-14-04/
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[2]:http://itsfoss.com/easiest-watch-netflix-hulu-usa/
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[3]:http://itsfoss.com/french-city-toulouse-saved-1-million-euro-libreoffice/
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[4]:http://itsfoss.com/italian-city-turin-open-source/
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[5]:http://itsfoss.com/170-primary-public-schools-geneva-switch-ubuntu/
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[6]:http://itsfoss.com/german-town-gummersbach-completes-switch-open-source/
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[7]:http://itsfoss.com/windows-10-inspired-linux/
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[8]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSSL
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[9]:http://heartbleed.com/
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[10]:http://xkcd.com/1354/
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[11]:http://itsfoss.com/linux-shellshock-check-fix/
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[12]:http://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-phone-specification-release-date-pricing/
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[13]:http://www.tecmint.com/systemd-replaces-init-in-linux/
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[14]:https://plus.google.com/+LennartPoetteringTheOneAndOnly/posts/J2TZrTvu7vd
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[15]:http://debianfork.org/
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[16]:http://thenewstack.io/microsoft-professes-love-for-linux-adds-support-for-coreos-cloudera-and-host-of-new-features/
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[17]:http://www.theregister.co.uk/2001/06/02/ballmer_linux_is_a_cancer/
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[18]:http://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/
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[19]:http://www.zdnet.com/article/top-five-linux-contributor-microsoft/
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Translated by H-mudcup
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2014年Linux界发生的好事，坏事和丑事
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================================================================================
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2014年已经接近尾声，现在正是盘点**2014年Linux大事件**的时候。整整一年，我们关注了有关Linux和开源的一些好事，坏事和丑事。让我们来快速回顾一下2014对于Linux是怎样的一年。
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### 好事 ###
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首先，让我们来看看在2014年对于Linux爱好者发生了什么有积极意义的事。
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#### Linux上的Netflix ####
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从使用Wine到[使用Chrome的测试功能][1]，为了能让Netflix能在Linux上工作，Linux用户曾尝试了各种方法。好消息是Netflix终于在2014年带来了Linux的本地支持。这让所有能使用Netflix的地区的Linux用户的脸上浮现出了微笑。想在[美国以外的地区使用Netflix][2]（或其他官方授权使用Netflix的国家之外）的人还是得靠其他的方法。
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#### 欧洲国家采用开源/Linux ####
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如果你愿意的话，你可以归功于经济滑坡，但是Linux和开源的采用已经俘虏了欧洲各大城市。我说的可不是个人用户，而是政府和各个官方机构。一整年我们都在听到这样的消息：[法国][3]和[意大利各大城市如何通过改用Linux和开源办公软件节省了数百万欧元][4]。而且这个趋势并没有仅限于意大利和法国，在西班牙、[瑞士][5]和[德国][6]也能见到。
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#### Windows 10从Linux获得灵感 ####
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即将发行的微软的旗舰操作系统Windows，将被称为Windows 10（没有Windows 9）。并且Windows 10将拥有一大堆的新特性。但是这些“新特性”只在微软的世界里是新的，而且大多是这些新特性已经在Linux的世界里存在了数年。看看这些[Windows 10从Linux复制的特性][7]。
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### 坏事 ###
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Linux在2014年并不是一帆风顺。某些事件的发生损坏了Linux/开源的形象。
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#### Heartbleed心血 ####
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在今年的四月份，检测到[OpenSSL][8]有一个缺陷。这个漏洞被命名为[Heartbleed心血][9]。他影响了包括Facebook和Google在内的50多万个“安全”网站。这项漏洞可以真正的允许任何人读取系统的内存，并能因此给予用于加密数据流的密匙的访问权限。[xkcd上的漫画以更简单的方式解释了心血][10]。不必说，这个漏洞在OpenSSL的更新中被修复了。
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#### Shellshock ####
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好像有个心血还不够似的，在Bash里的一个缺陷更严重的震撼了Linux世界。这个漏洞被命名为[Shellshock][11]。这个漏洞把Linux往远程攻击的危险深渊又推了一把。这项漏洞是通过黑客的DDoS攻击暴露出来的。升级一下Bash版本应该能修复这个问题。
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#### Ubuntu Phone和Steam控制台 ####
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一个又一个的承诺，一次又一次的期望。但是即使在2014年也没人看见Ubuntu Phone或是Steam游戏控制台。围绕Ubuntu Phone产生了很多激烈的讨论。从2014年二月发行推到九月又推到十二月，（谢天谢地）终于有可能在2015年二月发行。但是Steam控制台还是没有消息。想了解更多请读[Ubuntu Phone说明书，价格和发行日期][12]。
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### 丑事 ###
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systemd的归属战变得不知廉耻。
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### systemd大论战 ###
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用init还是systemd的争吵已经进行了一段时间了。但是在2014年当systemd准备在包括Debian, Ubuntu, OpenSUSE, Arch Linux and Fedora几个主流Linux分布中替代init时，事情变得不知廉耻了起来。它是如此的一发不可收拾，以至于它已经不限于boycottsystemd.org这类网站了。Lennart Poettering（systemd的首席开发人员及作者）在一条Google Plus状态上声明，说那些反对systemd的人在“收集比特币来雇杀手杀他”。Lennart还声称开源社区“是个恶心得不能待的地方”。人们吵得越来越离谱以至于把Debian分裂成了一个新的操作系统，称为[Devuan][15]。
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### 还有诡异的事 ###
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伴随着好事、坏事和丑事而来得是诡异的事，而且没谁能比微软更诡异。
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#### 微软爱Linux ####
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是的，你没看错。[微软爱Linux][16]。同为微软CEO，Steve Ballmer曾说[Linux是毒瘤][17]。当新CEO，Satya Nadella宣称微软爱Linux时，我们透过微软向Linux和开源的靠近，看到了领导层的改变。这份对Linux的爱实际上是微软试图让[Azure][18]成为更好的云平台。为了达成这项目标，需要虚拟化Hyper-V（Azure核心），以便同Linux一起运行。这个绝境让[微软成为Linux内核的第五大贡献者][19]。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://itsfoss.com/biggest-linux-stories-2014/
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作者：[Abhishek][a]
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译者：[H-mudcup](https://github.com/H-mudcup)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://itsfoss.com/author/Abhishek/
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[1]:http://itsfoss.com/watch-netflix-in-ubuntu-14-04/
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[2]:http://itsfoss.com/easiest-watch-netflix-hulu-usa/
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[3]:http://itsfoss.com/french-city-toulouse-saved-1-million-euro-libreoffice/
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[4]:http://itsfoss.com/italian-city-turin-open-source/
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[5]:http://itsfoss.com/170-primary-public-schools-geneva-switch-ubuntu/
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[6]:http://itsfoss.com/german-town-gummersbach-completes-switch-open-source/
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[7]:http://itsfoss.com/windows-10-inspired-linux/
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[8]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSSL
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[9]:http://heartbleed.com/
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[10]:http://xkcd.com/1354/
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[11]:http://itsfoss.com/linux-shellshock-check-fix/
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[12]:http://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-phone-specification-release-date-pricing/
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[13]:http://www.tecmint.com/systemd-replaces-init-in-linux/
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[14]:https://plus.google.com/+LennartPoetteringTheOneAndOnly/posts/J2TZrTvu7vd
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[15]:http://debianfork.org/
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[16]:http://thenewstack.io/microsoft-professes-love-for-linux-adds-support-for-coreos-cloudera-and-host-of-new-features/
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[17]:http://www.theregister.co.uk/2001/06/02/ballmer_linux_is_a_cancer/
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[18]:http://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/
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[19]:http://www.zdnet.com/article/top-five-linux-contributor-microsoft/
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