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sources/tech/20170524 Working with Vi-Vim Editor - Advanced concepts.md

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-translating---geekpi
-
-
-Working with Vi/Vim Editor : Advanced concepts
-======
-Earlier we have discussed some basics about VI/VIM editor but VI & VIM are both very powerful editors and there are many other functionalities that can be used with these editors. In this tutorial, we are going to learn some advanced uses of VI/VIM editor.
-
-( **Recommended Read** : [Working with VI editor : The Basics ][1])
-
-## Opening multiple files with VI/VIM editor
-
-To open multiple files, command would be same as is for a single file; we just add the file name for second file as well.
-
-```
- $ vi file1 file2 file 3
-```
-
-Now to browse to next file, we can use
-
-```
-$ :n
-```
-
-or we can also use
-
-```
-$ :e filename
-```
-
-## Run external commands inside the editor
-
-We can run external Linux/Unix commands from inside the vi editor, i.e. without exiting the editor. To issue a command from editor, go back to Command Mode if in Insert mode & we use the BANG i.e. '!' followed by the command that needs to be used. Syntax for running a command is,
-
-```
-$ :! command
-```
-
-An example for this would be
-
-```
-$ :! df -H
-```
-
-## Searching for a pattern
-
-To search for a word or pattern in the text file, we use following two commands in command mode,
-
-  * command '/' searches the pattern in forward direction
-
-  * command '?' searched the pattern in backward direction
-
-
-Both of these commands are used for same purpose, only difference being the direction they search in. An example would be,
-
- `$ :/ search pattern` (If at beginning of the file)
-
- `$ :/ search pattern` (If at the end of the file)
-
-## Searching & replacing a pattern
-
-We might be required to search & replace a word or a pattern from our text files. So rather than finding the occurrence of word from whole text file & replace it, we can issue a command from the command mode to replace the word automatically. Syntax for using search & replacement is,
-
-```
-$ :s/pattern_to_be_found/New_pattern/g
-```
-
-Suppose we want to find word "alpha" & replace it with word "beta", the command would be
-
-```
-$ :s/alpha/beta/g
-```
-
-If we want to only replace the first occurrence of word "alpha", then the command would be
-
-```
-$ :s/alpha/beta/
-```
-
-## Using Set commands
-
-We can also customize the behaviour, the and feel of the vi/vim editor by using the set command. Here is a list of some options that can be use set command to modify the behaviour of vi/vim editor,
-
- `$ :set ic ` ignores cases while searching
-
- `$ :set smartcase ` enforce case sensitive search
-
- `$ :set nu` display line number at the begining of the line
-
- `$ :set hlsearch ` highlights the matching words
-
- `$ : set ro ` change the file type to read only
-
- `$ : set term ` prints the terminal type
-
- `$ : set ai ` sets auto-indent
-
- `$ :set noai ` unsets the auto-indent
-
-Some other commands to modify vi editors are,
-
- `$ :colorscheme ` its used to change the color scheme for the editor. (for VIM editor only)
-
- `$ :syntax on ` will turn on the color syntax for .xml, .html files etc. (for VIM editor only)
-
-This complete our tutorial, do mention your queries/questions or suggestions in the comment box below.
-
-
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-via: http://linuxtechlab.com/working-vivim-editor-advanced-concepts/
-
-作者：[Shusain][a]
-译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
-校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
-
-本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
-
-[a]:http://linuxtechlab.com/author/shsuain/
-[1]:http://linuxtechlab.com/working-vi-editor-basics/

translated/tech/20170524 Working with Vi-Vim Editor - Advanced concepts.md

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+使用 Vi/Vim 编辑器：高级概念
+======
+早些时候我们已经讨论了一些关于 VI/VIM 编辑器的基础知识，但是 VI 和 VIM 都是非常强大的编辑器，还有很多其他的功能可以和编辑器一起使用。在本教程中，我们将学习 VI/VIM 编辑器的一些高级用法。
+
+（**推荐阅读**：[使用 VI 编辑器：基础知识] [1]）
+
+## 使用 VI/VIM 编辑器打开多个文件
+
+要打开多个文件，命令将与打开单个文件相同。我们只要添加第二个文件的名称。
+
+```
+ $ vi file1 file2 file 3
+```
+
+要浏览到下一个文件，我们可以使用
+
+```
+$ :n
+```
+
+或者我们也可以使用
+
+```
+$ :e filename
+```
+
+## 在编辑器中运行外部命令
+
+我们可以在 vi 编辑器内部运行外部的 Linux/Unix 命令，也就是说不需要退出编辑器。要在编辑器中运行命令，如果在插入模式下，先返回到命令模式，我们使用 BANG 也就是 “!” 接着是需要使用的命令。运行命令的语法是：
+
+```
+$ :! command
+```
+
+这是一个例子
+
+```
+$ :! df -H
+```
+
+## 根据模板搜索
+
+要在文本文件中搜索一个单词或模板，我们在命令模式下使用以下两个命令：
+
+  * 命令 “/” 代表正向搜索模板
+
+  * 命令 “?” 代表正向搜索模板
+
+
+这两个命令都用于相同的目的，唯一不同的是它们搜索的方向。一个例子是：
+
+ `$ :/ search pattern` (如果在文件的开头)
+
+ `$ :? search pattern` (如果在文件末尾)
+
+## 搜索并替换一个模板
+
+我们可能需要搜索和替换我们的文本中的单词或模板。我们不是从整个文本中找到单词的出现的地方并替换它，我们可以在命令模式中使用命令来自动替换单词。使用搜索和替换的语法是：
+
+```
+$ :s/pattern_to_be_found/New_pattern/g
+```
+
+假设我们想要将单词 “alpha” 用单词 “beta” 代替，命令就是这样：
+
+```
+$ :s/alpha/beta/g
+```
+
+如果我们只想替换第一个出现的 “alpha”，那么命令就是：
+
+```
+$ :s/alpha/beta/
+```
+
+## 使用 set 命令
+
+我们也可以使用 set 命令自定义 vi/vim 编辑器的行为和外观。下面是一些可以使用 set 命令修改 vi/vim 编辑器行为的选项列表：
+
+ `$ :set ic ` 在搜索时忽略大小写
+
+ `$ :set smartcase ` 搜索强制区分大小写
+
+ `$ :set nu` 在每行开始显示行号
+
+ `$ :set hlsearch ` 高亮显示匹配的单词
+
+ `$ : set ro ` 将文件类型更改为只读
+
+ `$ : set term ` 打印终端类型
+
+ `$ : set ai ` 设置自动缩进
+
+ `$ :set noai ` 取消自动缩进
+
+其他一些修改 vi 编辑器的命令是：
+
+ `$ :colorscheme ` 用来改变编辑器的配色方案 。（仅适用于 VIM 编辑器）
+
+ `$ :syntax on ` 为 .xml、.html 等文件打开颜色方案。（仅适用于VIM编辑器）
+
+这篇结束了本系列教程，请在下面的评论栏中提出你的疑问/问题或建议。
+
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: http://linuxtechlab.com/working-vivim-editor-advanced-concepts/
+
+作者：[Shusain][a]
+译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
+校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[a]:http://linuxtechlab.com/author/shsuain/
+[1]:http://linuxtechlab.com/working-vi-editor-basics/