document/TranslateProject
2
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git synced 2025-03-24 02:20:09 +08:00
Code Issues Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity

Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/master'

Browse Source 
# Conflicts:
#	published/20170221 How to Install and Configure FTP Server in
Ubuntu.md
This commit is contained in:
wxy 2017-03-16 21:52:17 +09:00
commit 6d5d801e40
5 changed files with 246 additions and 229 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

67
sources/comic/20170314 6 The Depressed Developer series.md
View File

@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
GHLandy Translateing
The Depressed Developer series
=========================
### The Depressed Developer 1
![depressed-developer](http://turnoff.us/image/en/depressed-developer.png)
### The Depressed Developer 2
![depressed-developer](http://turnoff.us/image/en/depressed-developer-2.png)
### The Depressed Developer 3
![depressed-developer](http://turnoff.us/image/en/depressed-developer-3.png)
### The Depressed Developer 4
![depressed-developer](http://turnoff.us/image/en/depressed-developer-4.png)
### The Depressed Developer 5
![depressed-developer](http://turnoff.us/image/en/depressed-developer-5.png)
### The Depressed Developer 6
![depressed-developer](http://turnoff.us/image/en/depressed-developer-6.png)
### The Depressed Developer 7
![depressed-developer](http://turnoff.us/image/en/depressed-developer-7.png)
### The Depressed Developer 10
![depressed-developer](http://turnoff.us/image/en/depressed-developer-10.png)
### The Depressed Developer 11
![depressed-developer](http://turnoff.us/image/en/depressed-developer-11.png)
-------------------------------
译者简介：
[GHLandy](http://GHLandy.com) —— 生活中所有欢乐与苦闷都应藏在心中，有些事儿注定无人知晓，自己也无从说起。
-------------------------------
via:
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer/
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer-2/
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer-3/
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer-4/
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer-5/
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer-6/
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer-7/
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer-10/
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer-11/
作者：[Daniel Stori][a]
译者：[GHLandy](https://github.com/GHLandy)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:http://turnoff.us/about/

129
sources/tech/20170310 How to install Fedora 25 on your Raspberry Pi.md
View File

@ -1,129 +0,0 @@
How to install Fedora 25 on your Raspberry Pi
============================================================
### Check out this step-by-step tutorial.
![How to install Fedora 25 on your Raspberry Pi](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/images/life/gnome_raspberry_pi_fedora.jpg?itok=Efm6IKxP "How to install Fedora 25 on your Raspberry Pi")
>Image by : opensource.com
In October 2016, the release of Fedora 25 Beta was announced, along with initial [support for the Raspberry Pi 2 and 3][6]. The final "general availability" version of Fedora 25 was released a month later, and since then I have been playing around with the many different Fedora spins available for the latest versions of the Raspberry Pi.
This article is not as much a review of Fedora 25 on the Raspberry Pi 3 as a collection of tips, screenshots, and my own personal thoughts on the very first officially supported version of Fedora for the Pi.
More on Raspberry Pi
* [Our latest on Raspberry Pi][1]
* [What is Raspberry Pi?][2]
* [Getting started with Raspberry Pi][3]
* [Send us your Raspberry Pi projects and tutorials][4]
Before I start, it is worth mentioning that all of the work I have done to write this article was done on my personal laptop, which is running Fedora 25\. I used a microSD to SD adapter to copy and edit all of the Fedora images into a 32GB microSD card, which I used to boot up my Raspberry Pi 3 on a Samsung TV. The Raspberry Pi 3 used an Ethernet cable connection for network connectivity because the built-in Wi-Fi is not yet supported by Fedora 25\. Finally, I used a Logitech K410 wireless keyboard and touchpad for input.
If you don't have the opportunity to use an Ethernet wire connection to play around with Fedora 25 on your Raspberry Pi, I was able to get an Edimax Wi-Fi USB adapter to work on Fedora 25 as well, but for the purposes of this article, I only used the Ethernet connection.
### Before you install Fedora 25 on your Raspberry Pi
Read over the [Raspberry Pi support documentation][7] on the Fedora Project wiki. You can download the Fedora 25 images you need for installation from the wiki, and everything that is supported and not supported is listed there. 
Also, be mindful that this is an initially supported version and a lot of new work and support will be coming out with the release of Fedora 26, so feel free to report bugs and share feedback of your own experience with Fedora 25 on the Raspberry Pi via [Bugzilla][8], Fedora's [ARM mailing list][9], or on the Freenode IRC channel #fedora-arm.
### Installation
I downloaded and installed five different Fedora 25 spins: GNOME (Workstation default), KDE, Minimal, LXDE, and Xfce. For the most part, they all had pretty consistent and easy-to-follow steps to ensure my Raspberry Pi 3 would boot up properly. Some have known bugs that people are working on, and some followed standard operating procedure via the Fedora wiki.
![GNOME on Raspberry Pi](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/gnome_on_rpi.png "GNOME on Raspberry Pi")
Fedora 25 workstation, GNOME on Raspberry Pi 3.
### Steps for installation
1\. On your laptop, download one of the Fedora 25 images for the Raspberry Pi from the links on the support documentation page.
2\. On your laptop, copy the image onto your microSD using either **fedora-arm-installer** or the command line:
**xzcat Fedora-Workstation-armhfp-25-1.3-sda.raw.xz | dd bs=4M status=progress of=/dev/mmcblk0**
Note: **/dev/mmclk0** was the device that my microSD to SD adapter mounted on my laptop, and even though I am using Fedora on my laptop and I could have used the **fedora-arm-installer**, I preferred the command line.
3\. Once you've copied the image,  _don't boot up your system yet_ . I know it is tempting to just go for it, but you still need to make a couple of tweaks.
4\. To keep the image file as small as possible for download convenience, the root file system on the image was kept to a minimum, so you must grow your root filesystem. If you don't, your Pi will still boot up, but if you run **dnf update** to upgrade your system, it will fill up the file system and bad things will happen, so with the microSD still on your laptop grow the partition:
**growpart /dev/mmcblk0 4
resize2fs /dev/mmcblk0p4**
Note: In Fedora, the **growpart** command is provided by **cloud-utils-growpart.noarch** RPM.
5\. Once the file system is updated, you will need to blacklist the **vc4** module. [Read more about this bug.][10]
I recommend doing this before you boot up the Raspberry Pi because different spins will behave in different ways. For example, (at least for me) GNOME came up first after I booted, without blacklisting **vc4**, but after doing a system update, it no longer came up. The KDE spin wouldn't come up at all during the first initial boot. We might as well blacklist **vc4** even before our first boot until the bug is resolved.
Blacklisting should happen in two different places. First, on your microSD root partition, create a **vc4.conf** under **etc/modprode.d/** with content: **blacklist vc4**. Second, on your microSD boot partition add **rd.driver.blacklist=vc4** to the end of the append line in the **extlinux/extlinux.conf** file.
6. Now, you are ready to boot up your Raspberry Pi.
### Booting Up
Be patient, especially for the GNOME and KDE distributions to come up. In the age of SSDs (Solid-State Drives), and almost instant bootups, it's easy to become impatient with write speeds for the Pi, especially the first time you boot. Before the Window Manager comes up for the first time, an initial configuration screen will pop up, which will allow you to configure root password, a regular user, time zones, and networking. Once you get that configured, you should be able to SSH into your Raspberry Pi, which can be very handy for debugging display issues.
### System updates
Once you have Fedora 25 up and running on your Raspberry Pi, you will eventually (or immediately) want to apply system updates.
First, when doing kernel upgrades, become familiar with your **/boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf** file. If you upgrade your kernel, the next time you boot, unless you manually pick the right kernel, you will most likely boot into Rescue mode. The best way to avoid that is to take the five lines that define the Rescue image on your **extlinux.conf** and move them to the bottom of the file, so the latest kernel will automatically boot up next time. You can edit the **/boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf** directly on the Pi or by mounting on your laptop:
**label Fedora 25 Rescue fdcb76d0032447209f782a184f35eebc (4.9.9-200.fc25.armv7hl)
            kernel /vmlinuz-0-rescue-fdcb76d0032447209f782a184f35eebc
            append ro root=UUID=c19816a7-cbb8-4cbb-8608-7fec6d4994d0 rd.driver.blacklist=vc4
            fdtdir /dtb-4.9.9-200.fc25.armv7hl/
            initrd /initramfs-0-rescue-fdcb76d0032447209f782a184f35eebc.img**
Second, if for whatever reason your display goes dark again after an upgrade and you are sure that **vc4** is blacklisted, run **lsmod | grep vc4**. You can always boot into multiuser mode, instead of graphical mode, and run **startx**from the command line. Read the content of **/etc/inittab** for directions on how to switch targets. 
![KDE on Raspberry Pi 3](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/kde_on_rpi.png "KDE on Raspberry Pi 3")
A Fedora 25 workstation, KDE on Raspberry Pi 3.
### The Fedora spins
Out of all of the Fedora spins I have tried, the only one that gave me a problem was the XFCE spin, and I believe it was due to this [known bug][11].
GNOME, KDE, LXDE, and minimal spins worked pretty well when I followed the steps I've shared here. Given that KDE and GNOME are a bit more resource heavy, I would recommend LXDE and Minimal for anyone who wants to just start playing with Fedora 25 on the Raspberry Pi. If you are a sysadmin who wants a cheap server backed by SELinux to cover your security concerns and all you want is to run your Raspberry Pi as some sort of server and you are happy with an IP address and port 22 open and vi, go with the Minimal spin. For developers or people starting to learn Linux, the LXDE may be the better way to go because it will give quick and easy access to all the GUI-based tools like browsers, IDEs, and clients you may need.
![LXDE on Raspberry Pi 3](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/lxde_on_rpi.png "LXDE on Raspberry Pi 3")
Fedora 25 workstation, LXDE on Raspberry Pi 3.
It is fantastic to see more and more Linux distributions become available on ARM-based Raspberry Pi computers. For its very first supported version, the Fedora team has provided a polished experience for the everyday Linux user. I will certainly be looking forward to the improvements and bug fixes for Fedora 26.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
作者简介：
Anderson Silva - Anderson started using Linux back in 1996. Red Hat Linux, to be more precise. In 2007, his main professional dream became reality when he joined Red Hat as a Release Engineer in IT. Since then he has worked in several different roles at Red Hat from Release Engineer to System Administrator to Senior Manager and Information System Engineer. He is a RHCE and RHCA and an active Fedora Package maintainer.
----------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/17/3/how-install-fedora-on-raspberry-pi
作者：[Anderson Silva][a]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:https://opensource.com/users/ansilva
[1]:https://opensource.com/tags/raspberry-pi?src=raspberry_pi_resource_menu
[2]:https://opensource.com/resources/what-raspberry-pi?src=raspberry_pi_resource_menu
[3]:https://opensource.com/article/16/12/getting-started-raspberry-pi?src=raspberry_pi_resource_menu
[4]:https://opensource.com/article/17/2/raspberry-pi-submit-your-article?src=raspberry_pi_resource_menu
[5]:https://opensource.com/article/17/3/how-install-fedora-on-raspberry-pi?rate=gIIRltTrnOlwo4h81uDvdAjAE3V2rnwoqH0s_Dx44mE
[6]:https://fedoramagazine.org/raspberry-pi-support-fedora-25-beta/
[7]:https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi
[8]:https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=245418
[9]:https://lists.fedoraproject.org/admin/lists/arm%40lists.fedoraproject.org/
[10]:https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1387733
[11]:https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1389163
[12]:https://opensource.com/user/26502/feed
[13]:https://opensource.com/article/17/3/how-install-fedora-on-raspberry-pi#comments
[14]:https://opensource.com/users/ansilva

88
translated/comic/20170314 6 The Depressed Developer series.md Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
消沉的程序员系列漫画
=========================
### 消沉的程序员 1
![depressed-developer](https://github.com/GHLandy/comic/raw/master/depressed-developer-series/depressed-developer.png)
很有意思吧，很多看到这样的漫画对话的程序员，应该感觉似曾相识吧。Bug 出现了？
### 消沉的程序员 2
![depressed-developer](https://github.com/GHLandy/comic/raw/master/depressed-developer-series/depressed-developer-2.png)
有点疑惑，有好像有点眉目，好像是感觉到哪里错了，是不是要重构。
### 消沉的程序员 3
![depressed-developer](https://github.com/GHLandy/comic/raw/master/depressed-developer-series/depressed-developer-3.png)
哎，终于发现错误了，感觉有点可笑，自己居然犯这样的错误，原来是那次急于提交代码造成的。
### 消沉的程序员 4
![depressed-developer](https://github.com/GHLandy/comic/raw/master/depressed-developer-series/depressed-developer-4.png)
是啊，在编程里一生戎马，代码编写无数，各种平台、规范等等，到头来也是满身的错误啊。该是技术不行吧！
### 消沉的程序员 5
![depressed-developer](https://github.com/GHLandy/comic/raw/master/depressed-developer-series/depressed-developer-5.png)
呀，快要消除错误了，可是，不对。相信事后的 Bug 和 Debug 会是程序员生活中的一个部分。
### 消沉的程序员 6
![depressed-developer](https://github.com/GHLandy/comic/raw/master/depressed-developer-series/depressed-developer-6.png)
每个新建的工程都是有美好的设想吧，可后来为什么总是渐行渐远？大多时候的自言自语，总是是有人认为是在和代码对话吧？可没有身在其中，别人有这么懂得！
### 消沉的程序员 7
![depressed-developer](https://github.com/GHLandy/comic/raw/master/depressed-developer-series/depressed-developer-7.png)
好吧，产品的上线，总是要经过无数次的创建分支，Bug 和 Debug 总还是程序员的永恒话题。其中，有些东西总免不了自己推翻自己，感觉要从头再来一样。
### 消沉的程序员 10
![depressed-developer](https://github.com/GHLandy/comic/raw/master/depressed-developer-series/depressed-developer-10.png)
为了某项专门的研究，学习一门相关的语言，不知道是不是值得？是不是先要思考其必要性呢？最后发现自己并不喜欢这么语言，导致怀疑自己的专业技能，这样大概不好吧！
### 消沉的程序员 11
![depressed-developer](https://github.com/GHLandy/comic/raw/master/depressed-developer-series/depressed-developer-11.png)
其实，本来是愉快的蹲个坑，却不自觉的陷入编码的思考。想想，不仅是程序员，很多人有都有类似此景的情况吧，明明在做着某事，却想着另外一件事。
### 后记
看至此处，各位朋友是不是感觉少了系列的第 8 和第 9 篇？起初，译者也这么想，后来问了作者 Daniel Stori 之后，才恍然，原来序号采用了八进制，按照作者说的，一个隐式的玩笑。明白了吗，朋友们？
大伙儿都习惯了日常的十进制。当常态处于优先级的时候，日常一些非常态就如同细枝末节，也就往往容易被人们忽略。大概就是这样吧。
-------------------------------
译者简介：
[GHLandy](http://GHLandy.com) —— 生活中所有欢乐与苦闷都应藏在心中，有些事儿注定无人知晓，自己也无从说起。
-------------------------------
via:
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer/
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer-2/
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer-3/
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer-4/
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer-5/
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer-6/
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer-7/
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer-10/
- http://turnoff.us/geek/the-depressed-developer-11/
作者：[Daniel Stori][a]
译者：[GHLandy](https://github.com/GHLandy)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:http://turnoff.us/about/

62
sources/tech/20170228 How to Install and Secure MariaDB 10 in CentOS 7.md → translated/tech/20170228 How to Install and Secure MariaDB 10 in CentOS 7.md
View File

@ -1,29 +1,26 @@
beyondworld translating
如何在 CentOS 7 上安装和安全配置 MariaDB 10
===========================================
How to Install and Secure MariaDB 10 in CentOS 7
============================================================
**MariaDB** 是 MySQL 数据库的自由开源分支，与 MySQL 在思想上同出一源，在未来仍将是自由且开源的。
在这篇博文中，我将会介绍如何在当前使用最广的 RHEL/CentOS 和 Fedora 发行版上安装 **MariaDB 10.1** 稳定版。
MariaDB is a free and open source fork of well known MySQL database management server software, developed by the brains behind MySQL, it’s envisioned to remain free/open source.
目前了解到的情况是：Red Hat Enterprise Linux/CentOS 7.0 发行版已将默认的数据库从 MySQL 切换到 MariaDB。
In this tutorial, we will show you how to install MariaDB 10.1 stable version in the most widely used versions of RHEL/CentOS and Fedora distributions.
在本文中需要注意的是，我们假定您能够在服务器中使用 root 帐号工作，或者可以使用 [sudo command][7] 运行任何命令。
For your information, Red Hat Enterprise Linux/CentOS 7.0 switched from supporting MySQL to MariaDB as the default database management system.
### 第一步：添加 MariaDB yum 仓库
Note that in this tutorial, we’ll assume your working on the server as root, otherwise, use the [sudo command][7] to run all the commands.
### Step 1: Add MariaDB Yum Repository
1. Start by adding the MariaDB YUM repository file `MariaDB.repo` for RHEL/CentOS and Fedora systems.
1、首先在 RHEL/CentOS 和 Fedora 操作系统中添加 MariaDB 的 YUM 配置文件 `MariaDB.repo` 文件。
```
# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo
```
Now add the following lines to your respective Linux distribution version as shown.
根据您操作系统版本，选择下面的相应内容添加到文件的末尾。
#### On CentOS 7
#### 在 CentOS 7 中安装
```
[mariadb]
@ -33,7 +30,7 @@ gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
```
#### On RHEL 7
#### 在 RHEL 7 中安装
```
[mariadb]
@ -46,11 +43,11 @@ gpgcheck=1
![Add MariaDB Yum Repo](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Add-MariaDB-Repo.png)
][8]
Add MariaDB Yum Repo
*添加 MariaDB YUM 仓库*
### Step 2: Install MariaDB in CentOS 7
### 第二步：在 CentOS 7 中安装 MariaDB
2. Once MariaDB repository has been added, you can easily install it with just one single command.
2、当 MariaDB 仓库地址添加好后，你可以通过下面的一行命令轻松安装 MariaDB。
```
# yum install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client -y
@ -59,9 +56,9 @@ Add MariaDB Yum Repo
![Install MariaDB in CentOS 7](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Install-MariaDB-in-CentOS-7.png)
][9]
Install MariaDB in CentOS 7
*在 CentOS 7 中安装 MariaDB*
3. As soon as the installation of MariaDB packages completes, start the database server daemon for the time being, and also enable it to start automatically at the next boot like so:
3. MariaDB 包安装完毕后，立即启动数据库服务守护进程，并可以通过下面的操作设置，在操作系统重启后自动启动服务。
```
# systemctl start mariadb
@ -72,11 +69,11 @@ Install MariaDB in CentOS 7
![Start MariaDB Service in CentOS 7](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Start-MariaDB-Service-in-CentOS-7.png)
][10]
Start MariaDB Service in CentOS 7
*在 CentOS 7 中启动 MariaDB 服务*
### Step 3: Secure MariaDB in CentOS 7
### 第三步：在 CentOS 7 中对 MariaDB 进行安全配置
4. Now its time to secure your MariaDB by setting root password, disabling remote root login, removing the test database as well as anonymous users and finally reload privileges as shown in the screen shot below:
4. 现在可以通过以下操作进行安全配置：设置 MariaDB 的 root 账户密码，禁用 root 远程登录，删除测试数据库以及测试帐号，最后需要使用下面的命令重新加载权限。
```
# mysql_secure_installation
@ -85,9 +82,9 @@ Start MariaDB Service in CentOS 7
![Secure MySQL in CentOS 7](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Secure-MySQL-in-CentOS-7.png)
][11]
Secure MySQL in CentOS 7
*CentOS 7 中的 MySQL 安全配置*
5. After securing the database server, you may want to check certain MariaDB features such as: installed version, default program argument list, and also login to the MariaDB command shell as follows:
5. 在配置完数据库的安全配置后，你可能想检查下 MariaDB 的特性，比如：版本号，默认参数列表，以及通过 MariaDB 命令行登录。如下所示：
```
# mysql -V
@ -98,37 +95,36 @@ Secure MySQL in CentOS 7
![Verify MySQL Version](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Verify-MySQL-Version.png)
][12]
Verify MySQL Version
*检查 MySQL 版本信息*
### Step 4: Learn MariaDB Administration
### 第四步：学习 MariaDB 管理
If you are new to MySQL/MariaDB, start off by going through these guides:
如果你刚开始学习使用 MySQL/MariaDB，可以通过以下指南学习：
1. [Learn MySQL / MariaDB for Beginners – Part 1][1]
2. [Learn MySQL / MariaDB for Beginners – Part 2][2]
3. [MySQL Basic Database Administration Commands – Part III][3]
4. [20 MySQL (Mysqladmin) Commands for Database Administration – Part IV][4]
Also check out these following articles to fine tune your MySQL/MariaDB performance and use the tools to monitor the activity of your databases.
同样查看下面的文档学习如何优化你的 MySQL/MariaDB 服务，并使用工具监控数据库的活动情况。
1. [15 Tips to Tune and Optimize Your MySQL/MariaDB Performance][5]
2. [4 Useful Tools to Monitor MySQL/MariaDB Database Activities][6]
That’s it for now! In this simple tutorial, we showed you how to install MariaDB 10.1 stable version in various RHEL/CentOS and Fedora. Use the feedback form below to send us any questions or any thoughts concerning this guide.
文章到此就结束了，本文内容比较浅显，文中主要展示了如何在 RHEL/CentOS 和 Fefora 操作系统中安装 **MariaDB 10.1** 稳定版。您可以通过下面的联系方式将您遇到的任何问题或者想法发给我们。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
作者简介：
Aaron Kili is a Linux and F.O.S.S enthusiast, an upcoming Linux SysAdmin, web developer, and currently a content creator for TecMint who loves working with computers and strongly believes in sharing knowledge.
Aaron Kill 是 Linux 和开源软件的狂热爱好者，即将成为一名 Linux 系统管理员和网站开发工程师，现在是 TecMint 的原创作者，喜欢使用电脑工作并且热衷分享知识。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://www.tecmint.com/install-mariadb-in-centos-7/
作者：[Aaron Kili][a]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
译者：[beyondworld](https://github.com/beyondworld)
校对：[jasminepeng](https://github.com/jasminepeng)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出

129
translated/tech/20170310 How to install Fedora 25 on your Raspberry Pi.md Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
如何在树莓派上安装 Fedora 25
============================================================
### 看看这个分布的教程。
![How to install Fedora 25 on your Raspberry Pi](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/images/life/gnome_raspberry_pi_fedora.jpg?itok=Efm6IKxP "How to install Fedora 25 on your Raspberry Pi")
>图片提供 opensource.com
2016 年 10 月，Fedora 25 Beta 发布了，随之而来的还有对[ Raspberry Pi 2 和 3 的初步支持][6]。Fedora 25 的最终“通用”版将在一个月后发布，从那时起，我一直在树莓派上尝试不同的 Fedora 版本。
这篇文章不仅是一篇 Raspberry Pi 3 上的 Fedora 25 的评论，还集合了提示、截图、以及我对官方初步对 Pi 支持的 Fedora 的一些个人想法。
更多关于树莓派的
* [我们最新的树莓派信息][1]
* [什么是树莓派？][2]
* [树莓派入门][3]
* [给我们发送你的树莓派项目和教程][4]
在我开始之前，需要说一下的是，我为写这篇文章所做的所有工作都是在我的个人笔记本电脑上运行 Fedora 25 。我使用一张 microSD 插到 SD 适配器中复制和编辑所有的 Fedora 镜像到 32GB 的 microSD 卡中，我在连接到一台三星电视后启动了 Raspberry Pi 3。 因为 Fedora 25 还尚不支持内置Wi-Fi，所以 Raspberry Pi 3 还使用以太网线缆进行网络连接。最后，我使用了 Logitech K410 无线键盘和触摸板进行输入。
如果你没有机会使用以太网线连接你的树莓派上玩 Fedora 25，我有一个 Edimax Wi-Fi USB 适配器，它可以在 Fedora 25 上工作，但在本文中，我只使用了以太网连接。
### 在你开始在树莓派上安装 Fedora 25 之前
阅读 Fedora 项目 wiki上 的[树莓派支持文档][7]。你可以从 wiki 下载 Fedora 25 安装所需的镜像，并且列出了所有支持和不支持的内容。
此外，请注意，这是初始支持版本，并且还有许多新的工作和支持将随着 Fedora 26 的发布而出现，所以请随时报告 bug，并通过[Bugzilla][8]，这个 Fedora的[ ARM 邮件列表][9]，或者在 或 Freenode IRC 频道＃fedora-arm 上分享你在树莓派上使用 Fedora 25 的体验反馈。
### 安装
我下载并安装了五个不同的 Fedora 25 版本：GNOME（工作站默认）、KDE、Minimal、LXDE 和 Xfce。在多数情况下，它们都有一致和易于遵循的步骤，以确保我的 Raspberry Pi 3 上启动正常。有些已知 bug 是人们正在解决的，有些通过Fedora wik 遵循标准操作程序。
![GNOME on Raspberry Pi](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/gnome_on_rpi.png "GNOME on Raspberry Pi")
Raspberry Pi 3 上的 Fedora 25 workstation、 GNOME 版本
### 安装步骤
1\. 在你的笔记本上，从支持文档页面的链接下载树莓派的 Fedora 25 镜像。
2\. 在笔记本上，使用 **fedora-arm-installer**或命令行将镜像复制到 microSD：
**xzcat Fedora-Workstation-armhfp-25-1.3-sda.raw.xz | dd bs=4M status=progress of=/dev/mmcblk0**
注意：**/dev/mmclk0**是我的 microSD 插到 SD 适配器后安装在我的笔记本电脑上的设备，即使我在笔记本上使用 Fedora，我可以使用 **fedora-arm-installer**，但是我喜欢命令行。
3\. 复制完镜像后，_先不要启动你的系统_。我知道你很想这么做，但你仍然需要进行几个调整。
4\. 为了使镜像文件尽可能小以便下载，镜像上的根文件系统是很小的，因此你必须增加根文件系统的大小。如果你不这么做，你仍然可以启动你的派，但如果你一旦运行 **dnf** 来升级你的系统，它就会填满文件系统，还会有糟糕的事情会发生，所以乘着 microSD 还在你的笔记本上进行分区：
**growpart /dev/mmcblk0 4
resize2fs /dev/mmcblk0p4**
注意：在 Fedora 中，** growpart** 命令由 **cloud-utils-growpart.noarch** 这个 RPM 提供。
5\.文件系统更新后，您需要将 **vc4** 模块列入黑名单。[有关此 bug 的详细信息。][10]
我建议在启动树莓派之前这样做，因为不同的版本将以不同的方式表现。例如，（至少对我来说）在没有黑名单 **vc4** 的情况下，GNOME 会在我启动后首先出现，但在系统更新后，它将不再出现。 KDE 的版本在第一次启动时根本不会出现。因此我们可能需要在我们的第一次启动之前将 **vc4** 加入黑名单，直到错误解决。
黑名单应该出现在两个不同的地方。首先，在你的 microSD根 分区上，在 **etc/modprode.d/** 下创建一个 **vc4.conf**，内容是：**blacklist vc4**。第二，在你的 microSD 启动分区添加 **rd.driver.blacklist=vc4** 到 **extlinux/extlinux.conf** 的末尾。
6\. 现在，你可以启动你的树莓派了。
### 启动
你要有耐心，特别是对于 GNOME 和 KDE 发行版来说。在 SSD（固态驱动器）和几乎即时启动的时代，特别是第一次启动时，你很容易就对派的启动速度感到不耐烦。在第一次启动 Window Manager 之前，它将弹出一个初始配置页面，它允许你配置 root 密码、常规用户、时区和网络。一旦你得到配置，你应该能够 SSH 到你的树莓派上，这样你就可以方便调试显示问题了。
### 系统更新
一旦你在树莓派上运行了 Fedora 25，你就会最终（或立即）想要系统更新。
首先，当进行内核升级时，先熟悉你的 **/boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf** 文件。如果升级内核，下次启动时，除非手动选择正确的内核，否则很可能会启动进入 Rescue 模式。避免这种情况发生最好方法是，在你的 **extlinux.conf**中将定义 Rescue 镜像的那五行移动到文件的底部，这样最新的内核将在下次自动启动。你可以直接在派上或通过在笔记本挂载来编辑 **/boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf** directly：
**label Fedora 25 Rescue fdcb76d0032447209f782a184f35eebc (4.9.9-200.fc25.armv7hl)
            kernel /vmlinuz-0-rescue-fdcb76d0032447209f782a184f35eebc
            append ro root=UUID=c19816a7-cbb8-4cbb-8608-7fec6d4994d0 rd.driver.blacklist=vc4
            fdtdir /dtb-4.9.9-200.fc25.armv7hl/
            initrd /initramfs-0-rescue-fdcb76d0032447209f782a184f35eebc.img**
第二点，如果无论什么原因，如果你的显示器在升级后再次变暗，并且你确定已经将 **vc4** 加入黑名单，请运行 **lsmod | grep vc4**。你可以先启动到多用户模式而不是图形模式，并从命令行中运行 **startx**。 请阅读 **/etc/inittab** 中的内容，了解如何切换目标的说明。
![KDE on Raspberry Pi 3](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/kde_on_rpi.png "KDE on Raspberry Pi 3")
Raspberry Pi 3 上的 Fedora 25 workstation、 KDE 版本
### Fedora 版本
所有的 Fedora 版本我都试过，唯一一个有问题是 XFCE，我相信这是由于这个[已知的 bug][11]。
当我按照我在这里分享的步骤来时，GNOME、KDE、LXDE 和 minimal 都运行得很好。考虑到 KDE 和 GNOME 会占用更多资源，我会推荐想要在树莓派上使用 Fedora 25 的人 使用 LXDE 和 Minimal。如果你是一个想要一台廉价的支持 SELinux 的服务器来覆盖你的安全考虑的系统管理员，你想要使用树莓派作为你的服务器，并需要支持 22 端口和 vi，那就用 Minimal 版本。对于开发人员或开始学习 Linux 的人来说，LXDE 可能是更好的方式，因为它可以快速方便地访问所有基于 GUI 的工具，如浏览器、IDE 和你可能需要的客户端。
 ！[LXES on Raspberry Pi 3]（https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/lxde_on_rpi.png“LXDE on Raspberry Pi 3”）
Raspberry Pi 3 上的 Fedora 25 workstation、LXDE。
看到越来越多的 Linux 发行版在基于 ARM 的树莓派上可用，那真是太棒了。对于其第一个支持的版本，Fedora 团队为日常 Linux 用户提供了更好的体验。我一定会期待 Fedora 26 的改进和 bug 修复。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
作者简介：
Anderson Silva - Anderson 于 1996 年开始使用 Linux。更精确地说是 Red Hat Linux。 2007 年，当他作为 IT 部门的发布工程师时加入红帽时，他的主要梦想成为了现实。此后，他在红帽担任过多个不同角色，从发布工程师到系统管理员、高级经理和信息系统工程师。他是一名 RHCE 和 RHCA 以及一名活跃的 Fedora 包维护者。
----------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/17/3/how-install-fedora-on-raspberry-pi
作者：[Anderson Silva][a]
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:https://opensource.com/users/ansilva
[1]:https://opensource.com/tags/raspberry-pi?src=raspberry_pi_resource_menu
[2]:https://opensource.com/resources/what-raspberry-pi?src=raspberry_pi_resource_menu
[3]:https://opensource.com/article/16/12/getting-started-raspberry-pi?src=raspberry_pi_resource_menu
[4]:https://opensource.com/article/17/2/raspberry-pi-submit-your-article?src=raspberry_pi_resource_menu
[5]:https://opensource.com/article/17/3/how-install-fedora-on-raspberry-pi?rate=gIIRltTrnOlwo4h81uDvdAjAE3V2rnwoqH0s_Dx44mE
[6]:https://fedoramagazine.org/raspberry-pi-support-fedora-25-beta/
[7]:https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi
[8]:https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=245418
[9]:https://lists.fedoraproject.org/admin/lists/arm%40lists.fedoraproject.org/
[10]:https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1387733
[11]:https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1389163
[12]:https://opensource.com/user/26502/feed
[13]:https://opensource.com/article/17/3/how-install-fedora-on-raspberry-pi#comments
[14]:https://opensource.com/users/ansilva