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MjSeven
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (Mjseven)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (How to Save the Output of a Command to a File in Linux Terminal [Beginner’s Tip])
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[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/save-command-output-to-file-linux/)
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[#]: author: (Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/)
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How to Save the Output of a Command to a File in Linux Terminal [Beginner’s Tip]
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======
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When you run a command or script in the Linux terminal, it prints the output on the screen for your immediate viewing.
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There will be times when you need to save the output to a file for future references. Now, [you can surely copy and paste in Linux terminal][1] but there are better ways to save the output of a shell script or command in Linux command line. Let me show them to you.
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### Method 1: Use redirection to save command output to file in Linux
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You can [use redirection in Linux for this purpose][2]. With redirection operator, instead of showing the output on the screen, it goes to the provided file.
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* The > redirects the command output to a file replacing any existing content on the file.
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* The >> redirects adds the command output at the end of the existing content (if any) of the file.
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Use the STDOUT redirection operator > for redirecting the output to a file like this:
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```
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command > file.txt
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```
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If the file.txt doesn’t exist, it will be created automatically. If you use the > redirect again with the same file, the file content is replaced by the new output.
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The example below demonstrates it better. It first saves the output of _ls -l_ command. And then later, it replaces the content of the file with the output of _ls *.c_ command.
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![Redirecting command output to file][3]
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If you don’t want to lose the content of the existing file while saving the output of a script or command, use the redirection operation in append mode with >>.
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```
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command >> file.txt
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```
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This example demonstrates it better:
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![Redirecting command output to file in append mode][4]
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Even here if the file doesn’t exist, it is created automatically.
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Bonus Tip: Save Linux command output as well as error to a file
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If your Linux command returns an error, it doesn’t get saved in the file. You can save both the command output and command error in the same file using 2>&1 like this:
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**command > file.txt 2>&1**
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Basically, 0 stands for standard input, 1 for standard output and 2 for standard error. Here, you are redirecting (>) standard error (2) to same address (&) as standard output (1).
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### Method 2: Use tee command to display the output and save it to a file as well
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By the way, did you notice that when you send the command output to a file, you cannot see it anymore on the display? The [tee command in Linux][5] solves this problem for you.
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Like a tee pipe that sends water stream into two directions, the tee command send the output to the display as well as to a file (or as input to another command). You can use it like this:
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```
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command | tee file.txt
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```
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Again, the file will be created automatically, if it doesn’t exist already.
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You may also use the tee command in append mode with option -a in this manner:
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```
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command | tee -a file.txt
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```
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Let me demonstrate it with some easy to follow examples:
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![][6]
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I have used simple Linux commands in my examples. But rest assured, you can use these methods to save the output of bash scripts as well.
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### Note: Avoid pipe pitfall while saving command output to file
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You probably are familiar with pipe redirection. You may use it to combine Linux commands but you cannot pipe the output to a file. It will result in error that filename command not found:
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![][7]
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This is because pipe redirects the output of one command to input of another command. And in this case, you give it a file name while it was expecting a command.
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If you are new to Linux command line, I hope this quick tutorial added to your Linux knowledge a bit. [I/O redirection][8] is an essential concept that one should be aware of.
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As always, questions and suggestions are always welcome.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/save-command-output-to-file-linux/
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作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://itsfoss.com/copy-paste-linux-terminal/
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[2]: https://linuxhandbook.com/redirection-linux/
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[3]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/redirecting_command_output_to_file_in_linux.png?resize=741%2C456&ssl=1
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[4]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/redirecting_command_output_to_file.png?resize=741%2C494&ssl=1
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[5]: https://linuxhandbook.com/tee-command/
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[6]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/display-and-save-linux-command-output.png?resize=741%2C494&ssl=1
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[7]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/pipe-output-to-file-linux.png?resize=687%2C266&ssl=1
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[8]: https://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/io-redirection.html#FTN.AEN17894
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@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (Mjseven)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (How to Save the Output of a Command to a File in Linux Terminal [Beginner’s Tip])
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[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/save-command-output-to-file-linux/)
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[#]: author: (Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/)
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如何将 Linux 终端中命令的输出保存到文件中[新手技巧]
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======
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当你在 Linux 终端中运行命令或脚本时，它会在终端中打印输出方便你立即查看。
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有时你需要将输出保存到文件中以备将来参考。现在，[你当然可以在 Linux 终端中复制和粘贴][1]，但是有更好的方法可以在 Linux 命令行中保存 shell 脚本或命令的输出，让我演示给你看。
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### 方法 1：使用重定向将命令输出保存到文件中
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你可以[在 Linux 中使用重定向来达成目的][2]。使用重定向操作符，它会将输出保存到文件中而不是在屏幕上显示。
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* > 会将命令输出重定向到文件，它会替换文件中的所有内容。
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* >> 会将命令输出添加到文件现有内容的末尾。
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使用 STDOUT 重定向运算符 > 将输出重定向到文件：
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```
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command > file.txt
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```
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如果 file.txt 不存在，它会自动创建。如果你使用 > 再次重定向到相同的文件，文件内容将被替换为新的输出。
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下面的示例将更好地演示它。它首先会保存 _ls -l_ 命令的输出，然后，它将用 _ls *.c_ 命令的输出替换文件的内容。
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![将命令输出重定向到文件][3]
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如果你不想在保存脚本或命令的输出时丢失现有文件的内容，可以使用 >> ：
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```
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command >> file.txt
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```
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下面这个例子更好地展示了它：
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![将命令输出重定向到文件][4]
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即使文件不存在，它也会自动创建。
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温馨提示：将 Linux 命令输出和错误保存到一个文件中。
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如果Linux 命令返回错误，那么错误不会保存在文件中。你可以使用 2>&1 将命令的输出和错误保存到同一个文件中，如下所示：
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**command > file.txt 2>&1**
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通常，0 代表标准输入，1 代表标准输出，2 代表标准错误。在这里，你要将标准错误(2) 重定向（&）到与标准输出(1) 相同的地址。
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### 方法 2：使用 tee 命令显示输出并将其保存到文件中
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顺便说一句，你是否注意到，当你将命令输出发送到一个文件时，你再也无法在终端上看到它了？[Linux 的 tee 命令][5]解决了这个问题。
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类似于将水流发送到两个方向的三通管，tee 命令将输出发送到终端以及文件（或作为另一个命令的输入）。你可以像这样使用它：
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```
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command | tee file.txt
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```
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同样，如果该文件不存在，它将自动创建。
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你还可以使用 tee 命令在附加模式下使用选项 -a：
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```
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command | tee -a file.txt
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```
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让我用一些简单的例子来演示：
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![][6]
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我在例子中使用了简单的 Linux 命令。但是请放心，你也可以使用这些方法来保存 bash 脚本的输出。
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### 注意：将命令输出保存到文件时，避免管道陷阱
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你可能对管道重定向很熟悉，可以使用它来组合 Linux 命令，但不能将输出通过管道传输到文件，它显示找不到 output.txt 命令：
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![][7]
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这是因为管道将一个命令的输出重定向到另一个命令的输入。在本例中，你向它传递一个了一个文件名而它期望一个命令。
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如果你是一个 Linux 命令行新手，我希望这个快速教程对你的 Linux 知识有所帮助。[I/O 重定向][8]是一个需要注意的基本概念。
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一如既往，欢迎提出问题和建议。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/save-command-output-to-file-linux/
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作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[MjSeven](https://github.com/MjSeven)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://itsfoss.com/copy-paste-linux-terminal/
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[2]: https://linuxhandbook.com/redirection-linux/
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[3]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/redirecting_command_output_to_file_in_linux.png?resize=741%2C456&ssl=1
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[4]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/redirecting_command_output_to_file.png?resize=741%2C494&ssl=1
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[5]: https://linuxhandbook.com/tee-command/
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[6]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/display-and-save-linux-command-output.png?resize=741%2C494&ssl=1
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[7]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/pipe-output-to-file-linux.png?resize=687%2C266&ssl=1
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[8]: https://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/io-redirection.html#FTN.AEN17894
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