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2015年 Linux 世界的十个大事件
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======================
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2015年已经过去，我在这里（It's FOSS)发表《2015年的大事件》系列。这个系列的第一篇文章为《2015年 Linux 世界的十个大事件》。这些事件在 Linux 世界中产生了极大的影响，无论它们是积极的还是消极的。
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我总结了2015发生的十件产生了最大影响的事件。让我们来看看：
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### 2015年度十大 Linux /开源相关事件
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补充一句，以下这些事件没有按照时间顺序排列。
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#### 微软与 Linux 的结盟
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在9月下旬，所有人听到[微软构建了自己的 Linux 发行版][1]这个消息时都大吃一惊。其在后来被揭露，这其实是一个微软开发的用于它的 Azure cloud switches 的[软件][2]。
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但故事还没结束。微软真的与 Canonical（Ubuntu Linux 的母公司）达成合作来开发 [HDInsight][3]，这是微软在 Azure 上构建的 Hadoop 大数据服务。 Ubuntu 是[微软在其上部署应用][4]的第一个 Linux 系统。
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微软会继续保持它与 Linux 的关系吗？ 还是在使用 Linux 达到其目的（Azure）就会收手？只有时间能告诉我们一切。
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#### 微软发布适用于 Linux 的 Visual Studio Code
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在微软发布 Linux 发行版引起喧嚣之前，微软扔下了另一枚炸弹——发布 [Linux 版 Visual Studio Code][27], 与其一并发布的还有 Windows 版以及 OS X 版。尽管 Visual Studio Code 并不是开源的，从某种意义上讲，发布 Linux 版本仍然是 Linux 用户的胜利。（LCTT 译注：此处原文消息有误，[Visual Studio Code 已开源][28]。）无论如何，Linus Torvalds 曾说过一句很著名的话：“如果微软给 Linux 开发过一款应用的话，这就意味着我已经赢了”。
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你可以看这个教程来学习[如何在 Ubuntu 中安装 Visual Studio Code][5]。
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#### 苹果公司开源编程语言 Swift
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在向 Linux 及开源“示爱”方面，苹果公司也不甘示弱。苹果用来制作 iOS 应用的首选编程语言 Swift，[现已开源][6]并移植到 Linux 中。虽然其还在测试中，但你已经可以轻易地[在 Ubuntu 中安装 Swift][7]。
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但是，苹果就是苹果，它[开始吹嘘][8]其为“第一个视开源开发为公司关键的软件开发策略的计算机公司巨头（原文如此）”。
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#### Ubuntu 手机终于发布
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Ubuntu 手机终于在今年年初发布。因其早期使用者及开发者，Ubuntu 深受 Ubuntu 社区喜爱。主流智能机用户仍然回避它，主要是[因为该系统还在重度开发中][9]。对于 Ubuntu 手机的问世，2016年将成为决定性的一年。
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#### Jolla 遭受经济危机
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Jolla 是 Sailfish OS 这个基于 Linux 的智能手机系统的幕后公司，它遭受了严重的财政困难。这导致了[一半的Jolla 员工被裁][10]。
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Jolla 在2014年针对它的平板电脑完成了一次非常[成功的众筹][11]，显然，他们将大部分预算都花在了 Sailfish OS 的开发上，而在主要投资者退出后，公司正在挣扎以求生存。
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不过有一个好消息，Jolla 成功拿到了一些雄厚的资金，而且他们[已经继续运营了][12]。
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#### Firefox OS 已死
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作为安卓的开源替代品，Mozila 的移动操作系统 Firefox OS 在去年底慢性死亡。本打算在发展中国家售卖低至25美金的智能手机，可基于 Firefox OS 的手机却一直没有流行起来。我认为主要原因是它的硬件配置不高，以及它缺少流行应用。
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在十二月，[Mozilla 宣布][13]其将停止开发 Firefox OS，并停止出售 Firefox 智能手机。
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虽然没有正式宣布过，我认为 [Tizen][14]，这个 Linux 基金会旗下的基于 Linux 的移动操作系统，也已经消失了。我没有看到任何关于 Tizen 开发的消息，而且 Linux 基金会从未推动过它的开发。Tizen 何时死亡只是一个时间问题。（LCTT 译注：此处原文消息有误，[Tizen 在2015年发布了 3.0 版本][29]。）
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#### “Ubuntu 家族”内讧
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五月份时，Kubuntu 项目的领导者 Jonathan Riddell [被 Ubuntu 社区委员会强制要求下台][15]，这引起了很多激烈的讨论。Jonathan 曾质问 Ubuntu 所收捐款的使用情况，他抱怨 Kubuntu 从未见到过这些钱。
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这导致了两方的互相谴责。最终。Ubuntu 的大老板，[Mark Shuttleworth 要求 Jonathan 下台][16]。
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#### 女性 Linux 内核开发者因“野蛮的沟通方式”而退出
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Linux 之父 Linus Torvalds 以其粗俗的语言而著称。Linux 内核开发者 [Sarah Sharp][17] 也因为嘴快心直而闻名。
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Sarah Sharp 曾在2013年与 Linus Torvalds 公开争执，[建议 Linus 将“语言暴力”赶出邮件列表][18]。但 Linus 也没有[委婉地][19]回复她。
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那是在2013年。2015年，Sarah 宣布她正在[逐步停止她在内核社区的工作][20]，因为他们的交流方式缺乏基本礼仪，并且野蛮而充满亵渎。
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这一举动让人们开始讨论 Linux 内核社区是否真的应该改变他们的行为方式，还是 Sarah 做的太过分了。
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#### Unity 游戏编辑器移植到 Linux平台
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尽管[在 Linux 上玩游戏][21]仍是 Linux 用户们的阿克琉斯之踵，而在游戏引擎 Unity 宣布其正在测试[Linux 下的游戏编辑器][22]时整个社区都沸腾了。因为在渲染图像时，Linux 是一个最流行的选择，所以我们推测这将使游戏开发者向 Linux 靠拢。不过，Unity 是否真的会推出一个最终版本的游戏编辑器，这个问题还未被证实。
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#### 政府机构采用开源软件
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欧洲数个城市的管理机构决定[抛弃先前的软件][23]，并使用其开源的替代品。大多数城市管理机构将 Microsoft Office 替换为 LibreOffice 或 OpenOffice. 一些城市管理机构和[公立学校][24]也在跟进，将 Microsoft Windows 换成 Linux。
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对于这一行为，削减成本是一个重要的因素，因为城市管理机构通过采用开源软件省下了无数欧元。
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大学也并没有在采用开源软件的道路上落后。这一年，我们听到了[大学如何抛弃 Photoshop 改用 Krita][25] 以及[大学使用开源 Office 软件][26]的消息。
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### 总结
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与其他年一样，2015年同样有许多令 Linux 爱好者感到积极或消极的时刻。我们看到 Linux 的竞争者，如微软和苹果，向 Linux 靠拢，政府机构采用开源软件。同时，我们还见证了 Firefox 智能手机系统的失败。我想说，这真是喜忧参半的一年。
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|
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你认为呢？我希望你们分享你所认为对于 Linuxer 们来说最重要的新闻，和你们对这一年的整体感受。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://itsfoss.com/biggest-linux-stories-2015/
|
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|
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作者：[Abhishek][a]
|
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译者：[StdioA](https://github.com/StdioA)
|
||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
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|
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
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|
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[a]: http://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
|
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[1]: https://linux.cn/article-6269-1.html
|
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[2]: http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/09/microsoft-has-built-software-but-not-a-linux-distribution-for-its-software-switches/
|
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[3]: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/hdinsight/
|
||||
[4]: http://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-deploys-first-major-server-application-on-ubuntu-linux/
|
||||
[5]: https://linux.cn/article-5423-1.html
|
||||
[6]: https://linux.cn/article-6689-1.html
|
||||
[7]: https://linux.cn/article-6781-1.html
|
||||
[8]: https://business.facebook.com/itsfoss/photos/pb.115098615297581.-2207520000.1450817108./634288916711879/?type=3&theater
|
||||
[9]: http://www.engadget.com/2015/07/24/ubuntu-phone-review/
|
||||
[10]: https://linux.cn/article-6621-1.html
|
||||
[11]: https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/jolla-tablet-world-s-first-crowdsourced-tablet#/
|
||||
[12]: https://linux.cn/article-6757-1.html
|
||||
[13]: https://linux.cn/article-6800-1.html
|
||||
[14]: https://www.tizen.org/
|
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[15]: https://linux.cn/article-5529-1.html
|
||||
[16]: http://www.cio.com/article/2926838/linux/mark-shuttleworth-ubuntu-community-council-ask-kubuntu-developer-to-step-down-as-leader.html
|
||||
[17]: http://sarah.thesharps.us/
|
||||
[18]: http://www.techeye.net/chips/linus-torvalds-and-intel-woman-in-sweary-spat
|
||||
[19]: http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=137392506516022&w=2
|
||||
[20]: https://linux.cn/article-6361-1.html
|
||||
[21]: https://linux.cn/article-6258-1.html
|
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[22]: http://itsfoss.com/unity-gaming-engine-linux/
|
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[23]: https://linux.cn/article-6459-1.html
|
||||
[24]: http://itsfoss.com/spanish-school-ditches-windows-ubuntu/
|
||||
[25]: http://itsfoss.com/french-university-dumps-adobe-photoshop-open-source-app-krita/
|
||||
[26]: http://itsfoss.com/hungarian-universities-switch-eurooffice/
|
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[27]: https://linux.cn/article-5376-1.html
|
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[28]: https://linux.cn/article-6604-1.html
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[29]: https://linux.cn/article-6261-1.html
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@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
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For my dear RMS
|
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30 Years of Free Software Foundation: Best Quotes of Richard Stallman
|
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================================================================================
|
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注：youtube 视频
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<iframe width="660" height="495" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/aIL594DTzH4?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
|
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|
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**Richard Matthew Stallman** (rms) – one of biggest figure in Information Technology. He is a computer programmer and architect (GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)), GNU Debugger, Emacs), software freedom evangelist, [GNU Project][1] and [FSF][2] founder.
|
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|
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**GNU** is a recursive acronym “GNU’s Not Unix!”. GNU – collection of free computer software for Unix-based operation system. Can be used with GNU/Hurd and Linux kernels. Announced on September 27, 1983. General components:
|
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|
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- GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)
|
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- GNU C library (glibc)
|
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- GNU Core Utilities (coreutils)
|
||||
- GNU Debugger (GDB)
|
||||
- GNU Binary Utilities (binutils)
|
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- GNU Bash shell
|
||||
- NOME desktop environment
|
||||
|
||||
注：视频
|
||||
<video src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/FSF30-video/FSF_30_720p.webm" controls="controls" width="640" height="390"></video>
|
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|
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**Free Software Foundation** (FSF) – non-profit organization for free software and computer user freedom promotion and defend their rights. Read more information here. Founded on 4 October 1985.
|
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|
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- The freedom to run the program as you wish, for any purpose (freedom 0).
|
||||
- The freedom to study how the program works, and change it so it does your computing as you wish (freedom 1). Access to the source code is a precondition for this.
|
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- The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor (freedom 2).
|
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- The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others (freedom 3). By doing this you can give the whole community a chance to benefit from your changes. Access to the source code is a precondition for this.
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|
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This is the Four Freedoms of free software.
|
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|
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Here is quotes of Richard Stallman about freedom, software, social, philosophy and others things.
|
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|
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**About Facebook:**
|
||||
|
||||
> Facebook is not your friend, it is a surveillance engine.
|
||||
|
||||
**About Android:**
|
||||
|
||||
> Android is very different from the GNU/Linux operating system because it contains very little of GNU. Indeed, just about the only component in common between Android and GNU/Linux is Linux, the kernel.
|
||||
|
||||
**About computer industry:**
|
||||
|
||||
> The computer industry is the only industry that is more fashion-driven than women's fashion.
|
||||
|
||||
**About cloud computing:**
|
||||
|
||||
> The interesting thing about cloud computing is that we've redefined cloud computing to include everything that we already do.
|
||||
|
||||
**About ethics:**
|
||||
|
||||
> Whether gods exist or not, there is no way to get absolute certainty about ethics. Without absolute certainty, what do we do? We do the best we can.
|
||||
|
||||
**About freedom:**
|
||||
|
||||
> Free software is software that respects your freedom and the social solidarity of your community. So it's free as in freedom.
|
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|
||||
**About goal and idealism:**
|
||||
|
||||
> If you want to accomplish something in the world, idealism is not enough - you need to choose a method that works to achieve the goal.
|
||||
|
||||
**About sharing:**
|
||||
|
||||
> Sharing is good, and with digital technology, sharing is easy.
|
||||
|
||||
**About facebook (extended version):**
|
||||
|
||||
> Facebook mistreats its users. Facebook is not your friend; it is a surveillance engine. For instance, if you browse the Web and you see a 'like' button in some page or some other site that has been displayed from Facebook. Therefore, Facebook knows that your machine visited that page.
|
||||
|
||||
**About web application:**
|
||||
|
||||
> One reason you should not use web applications to do your computing is that you lose control.
|
||||
>
|
||||
> If you use a proprietary program or somebody else's web server, you're defenceless. You're putty in the hands of whoever developed that software.
|
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|
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**About books:**
|
||||
|
||||
> With paper printed books, you have certain freedoms. You can acquire the book anonymously by paying cash, which is the way I always buy books. I never use a credit card. I don't identify to any database when I buy books. Amazon takes away that freedom.
|
||||
|
||||
**About MPAA:**
|
||||
|
||||
> Officially, MPAA stands for Motion Picture Association of America, but I suggest that MPAA stands for Malicious Power Attacking All.
|
||||
|
||||
**About money and career:**
|
||||
|
||||
> I could have made money this way, and perhaps amused myself writing code. But I knew that at the end of my career, I would look back on years of building walls to divide people, and feel I had spent my life making the world a worse place.
|
||||
|
||||
**About proprietary software:**
|
||||
|
||||
> Proprietary software keeps users divided and helpless. Divided because each user is forbidden to redistribute it to others, and helpless because the users can't change it since they don't have the source code. They can't study what it really does. So the proprietary program is a system of unjust power.
|
||||
|
||||
**About smartphone:**
|
||||
|
||||
> A smartphone is a computer - it's not built using a computer - the job it does is the job of being a computer. So, everything we say about computers, that the software you run should be free - you should insist on that - applies to smart phones just the same. And likewise to those tablets.
|
||||
|
||||
**About CD and digital content:**
|
||||
|
||||
> CD stores have the disadvantage of an expensive inventory, but digital bookshops would need no such thing: they could write copies at the time of sale on to memory sticks, and sell you one if you forgot your own.
|
||||
|
||||
**About paradigm of competition:**
|
||||
|
||||
> The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a good job; but its defenders are wrong in assuming it always works this way.
|
||||
|
||||
**About vi and emacs:**
|
||||
|
||||
> People sometimes ask me if it is a sin in the Church of Emacs to use vi. Using a free version of vi is not a sin; it is a penance. So happy hacking.
|
||||
|
||||
**About freedom and history:**
|
||||
|
||||
> Value your freedom or you will lose it, teaches history. 'Don't bother us with politics', respond those who don't want to learn.
|
||||
|
||||
**About patents:**
|
||||
|
||||
> Fighting patents one by one will never eliminate the danger of software patents, any more than swatting mosquitoes will eliminate malaria.
|
||||
>
|
||||
> Software patents are dangerous to software developers because they impose monopolies on software ideas.
|
||||
|
||||
**About copyrights:**
|
||||
|
||||
> In practice, the copyright system does a bad job of supporting authors, aside from the most popular ones. Other authors' principal interest is to be better known, so sharing their work benefits them as well as readers.
|
||||
|
||||
**About pay for work:**
|
||||
|
||||
> There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive.
|
||||
|
||||
**About Chrome OS:**
|
||||
|
||||
> In essence, Chrome OS is the GNU/Linux operating system. However, it is delivered without the usual applications, and rigged up to impede and discourage installing applications.
|
||||
|
||||
**About Linux users:**
|
||||
|
||||
> Many users of the GNU/Linux system will not have heard the ideas of free software. They will not be aware that we have ideas, that a system exists because of ethical ideals, which were omitted from ideas associated with the term 'open source.'
|
||||
|
||||
**About privacy in facebook:**
|
||||
|
||||
> If there is a Like button in a page, Facebook knows who visited that page. And it can get IP address of the computer visiting the page even if the person is not a Facebook user.
|
||||
|
||||
**About programming:**
|
||||
|
||||
> Programming is not a science. Programming is a craft.
|
||||
>
|
||||
> My favorite programming languages are Lisp and C. However, since around 1992 I have worked mainly on free software activism, which means I am too busy to do much programming. Around 2008 I stopped doing programming projects.
|
||||
>
|
||||
> C++ is a badly designed and ugly language. It would be a shame to use it in Emacs.
|
||||
|
||||
**About hacking and learn programming:**
|
||||
|
||||
> People could no longer learn hacking the way I did, by starting to work on a real operating system, making real improvements. In fact, in the 1980s I often came across newly graduated computer science majors who had never seen a real program in their lives. They had only seen toy exercises, school exercises, because every real program was a trade secret. They never had the experience of writing features for users to really use, and fixing the bugs that real users came across. The things you need to know to do real work.
|
||||
>
|
||||
> It is hard to write a simple definition of something as varied as hacking, but I think what these activities have in common is playfulness, cleverness, and exploration. Thus, hacking means exploring the limits of what is possible, in a spirit of playful cleverness. Activities that display playful cleverness have "hack value".
|
||||
|
||||
**About web browsing:**
|
||||
|
||||
> For personal reasons, I do not browse the web from my computer. (I also have no net connection much of the time.) To look at page I send mail to a daemon which runs wget and mails the page back to me. It is very efficient use of my time, but it is slow in real time.
|
||||
|
||||
**About music sharing:**
|
||||
|
||||
> Friends share music with each other, they don't allow themselves to be divided by a system that says that nobody is supposed to have copies.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://tlhp.cf/fsf-richard-stallman/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Pavlo Rudyi][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://tlhp.cf/author/paul/
|
||||
[1]:http://www.gnu.org/
|
||||
[2]:http://www.fsf.org/
|
||||
@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
|
||||
Linux Foundation Explains a "World without Linux" and Open Source
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
> The Linux Foundation responds to questions about its "World without Linux" movies, including what the Internet would be like without Linux and other open source software.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Would the world really be tremendously different if Linux, the open source operating system kernel, did not exist? Would there be no Internet or movies? Those are the questions some viewers of the [Linux Foundation's][1] ongoing "[World without Linux][2]" video series are asking. Here are some answers.
|
||||
|
||||
In case you've missed it, the "World without Linux" series is a collection of quirky short films that depict, well, a world without Linux (and open source software more generally). They have emphasized themes like [Linux's role in movie-making][3] and in [serving the Internet][4].
|
||||
|
||||
To offer perspective on the series's claims, direction and hidden symbols, Jennifer Cloer, vice president of communications at The Linux Foundation, recently sent The VAR Guy responses to some common queries about the movies. Below are the answers, in her own words.
|
||||
|
||||
### The latest episode takes Sam and Annie to the movies. Would today's graphics really be that much different without Linux? ###
|
||||
|
||||
In episode #4, we do a bit of a parody on "Avatar." Love it or hate it, the graphics in the real "Avatar" are pretty impressive. In a world without Linux, the graphics would be horrible but we wouldn't even know it because we wouldn't know any better. But in fact, "Avatar" was created using Linux. Weta Digital used one of the world's largest Linux clusters to render the film and do 3D modeling. It's also been reported that "Lord of the Rings," "Fantastic Four" and "King Kong," among others, have used Linux. We hope this episode can bring attention to that work, which hasn't been widely reported.
|
||||
|
||||
### Some people criticized the original episode for concluding there would be no Internet without Linux. What's your reaction? ###
|
||||
|
||||
We enjoyed the debate that resulted from the debut episode. With more than 100,000 views to date of that episode alone, it brought awareness to the role that Linux plays in society and to the worldwide community of contributors and supporters. Of course the Internet would exist without Linux but it wouldn't be the Internet we know today and it wouldn't have matured at the pace it has. Each episode makes a bold and fun statement about Linux's role in our every day lives. We hope this can help extend the story of Linux to more people around the world.
|
||||
|
||||
### Why is Sam and Annie's cat named String? ###
|
||||
|
||||
Nothing in the series is a coincidence. Look closely and you'll find all kinds of inside Linux and geek jokes. String is named after String theory and was named by our Linux.com Editor Libby Clark. In physics, string theory is a theoretical framework in which the point-like particles of particle physics are replaced by one-dimensional objects called strings. String theory describes how these strings propagate through space and interact with each other. Kind of like Sam, Annie and String in a World Without Linux.
|
||||
|
||||
### What can we expect from the next two episodes and, in particular, the finale? When will it air? ###
|
||||
|
||||
In episode #5, we'll go to space and experience what a world without Linux would mean to exploration. It's a wild ride. In the finale, we finally get to see Linus in a world without Linux. There have been clues throughout the series as to what this finale will include but I can't give more than that away since there are ongoing contests to find the clues. And I can't give away the air date for the finale! You'll have to follow #WorldWithoutLinux to learn more.
|
||||
|
||||
### Can you give us a hint on the clues in episode #4? ###
|
||||
|
||||
There is another reference to the Free Burger Restaurant in this episode. Linux also actually does appear in this world without Linux but in a very covert way; you could say it's like reading Linux in another language. And, of course, just for fun, String makes another appearance.
|
||||
|
||||
### Is the series achieving what you hoped? ###
|
||||
|
||||
Yes. We're really happy to see people share and engage with these stories. We hope that it's reaching people who might not otherwise know the story of Linux or understand its pervasiveness in the world today. It's really about surfacing this to a broader audience and giving thanks to the worldwide community of developers and companies that support Linux and all the things it makes possible.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://thevarguy.com/open-source-application-software-companies/linux-foundation-explains-world-without-linux-and-open-so
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Christopher Tozzi][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://thevarguy.com/author/christopher-tozzi
|
||||
[1]:http://linuxfoundation.org/
|
||||
[2]:http://www.linuxfoundation.org/world-without-linux
|
||||
[3]:http://thevarguy.com/open-source-application-software-companies/new-linux-foundation-video-highlights-role-open-source-3d
|
||||
[4]:http://thevarguy.com/open-source-application-software-companies/100715/would-internet-exist-without-linux-yes-without-open-sourc
|
||||
@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
|
||||
sonofelice translating
|
||||
Microsoft and Linux: True Romance or Toxic Love?
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
Every now and then, you come across a news story that makes you choke on your coffee or splutter hot latte all over your monitor. Microsoft's recent proclamations of love for Linux is an outstanding example of such a story.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
|
||||
zpl1025
|
||||
Supporting secure DNS in glibc
|
||||
========================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
|
||||
30 年自由软件基金会：理查德·斯托曼语录集锦
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
注：youtube 视频
|
||||
<iframe width="660" height="495" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/aIL594DTzH4?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
|
||||
|
||||
**理查德·马修·斯托曼** (rms) – IT大牛之一。他是一名程序员，GCC、GDB、Emacs 的构建者，软件自由传教士，[GNU Project][1] 和 [FSF][2] 的创办人。
|
||||
|
||||
**GNU** 是 “GNU’s Not Unix!”的缩写。GNU 是基于 Unix 操作系统的自由计算机软件集合。支持 GNU/Hurd 和 Linux 内核。于1983年9月27日公诸于众。常有组件：
|
||||
|
||||
- GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)
|
||||
- GNU C library (glibc)
|
||||
- GNU Core Utilities (coreutils)
|
||||
- GNU Debugger (GDB)
|
||||
- GNU Binary Utilities (binutils)
|
||||
- GNU Bash shell
|
||||
- NOME desktop environment
|
||||
|
||||
注：视频
|
||||
<video src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/FSF30-video/FSF_30_720p.webm" controls="controls" width="640" height="390"></video>
|
||||
|
||||
**自由软件基金会** (FSF) – 一个自由软件的非营利组织，致力于计算机用户自由的提升和权力的捍卫。于 1985 年 10 月 4 日成立。阅读[更多][3]。
|
||||
|
||||
- 于目的无关，随心运行程序的自由（自由0）。
|
||||
- 学习程序如何运作，并改变它为你所用的自由（自由1）。可以访问源码是这条的前提。
|
||||
- 重新发布副本的自由，如此你便可以帮助你的邻居了 （自由 2）。
|
||||
- 发布自己修改版本给他人的自由（自由 3）。这样能让整个社区有机会从你的改变中受益。可以访问源码是这条的前提。
|
||||
|
||||
以上为自由软件的四项自由原则。
|
||||
|
||||
以下为理查德·斯托曼关于自由、软件、社交、哲学等的名言摘引。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于 Facebook：**
|
||||
|
||||
> Facebook 不是你的朋友，是监控引擎。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于 Android：**
|
||||
|
||||
> Android 和 GNU/Linux 有很大的区别，因为其中几乎没有 GNU。的确，Android 和 GNU/Linux 之间仅有一个共同组件，那就是内核 - Linux。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于计算机行业：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 计算机行业是唯一一个比时尚女装更被时尚驱动的行业。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于云计算：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 关于云计算，有趣的是我们已经重新定义了云计算来包含我们曾干的所有事。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于伦理：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 无论神存在与否，都没有绝对的伦理道德。没有这份理所当然，我们该如何？也唯有尽善吧。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于自由：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 自由软件是尊重个人自由和社会团结的软件。所以才能如自由般自由自在。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于目标和理想：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 如果你想为这世界做些什么，仅有理想是不够的，你需要找条通往目标的道路并走完。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于分享：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 分享很棒，而且数字化技术也使分享变得容易。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于 facebook（进阶版）：**
|
||||
|
||||
> Facebook 蹂躏它们的用户。它不是你们的朋友；它就是个监控引擎。举个例子，你是否曾在一些网页或网站上看到 Facebook 的 “like” 按键。对，Facebook 知道你的电脑曾访问过那些网页。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于 web 应用：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 给你个为什么不应该使用 web 应用的理由，因为你失去了计算机的控制权。
|
||||
>
|
||||
> 如果你使用私有程序或他人的 web 服务器，那么你只能任人鱼肉。被软件的软件的开发者轻易操纵。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于书：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 印刷出来的书，当然是自由的。即使你买了别人也不知道，这也是我一直买书的方式。买时不会被任何数据库认出。是亚马逊把自由夺走了。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于 MPAA：**
|
||||
|
||||
> MPAA 其实是美国电影协会（Motion Picture Association of America），但我认为叫做攻击万物的邪恶力量（Malicious Power Attacking All）更为合适。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于金钱与职业：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 我可以这样赚钱，并沉浸在编码的快乐中。但在职业生涯结束后，回首目睹自己筑就的高墙将人与人分隔开，我会觉得我耗尽毕生精力只换来了一个更糟糕的世界。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于私有软件：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 私有软件使用户孤立、无助。因为禁止将软件给他人使用所以孤立，因为无法改变源码所以无助。他们学不了其中正真的工作方式。所以整个私有软件体系就是一种不公的力量。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于智能手机：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 智能手机就是电脑 - 虽然做的和常用的电脑不同 - 但是却能干电脑能干的活。所以我们所说的一切有关于电脑上的软件应该能自由运行 - 必须坚持 - 在智能手机上也是这样。当然也包括平板。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于 CD 和数字内容：**
|
||||
|
||||
> CD 商店有一个弱势就是需要昂贵的库存，但是电子商店就没有这方面的需求：他们只需要将售卖的副本写入记忆棒，并在你忘带自己的记忆棒时卖你一个就是了。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于竞争范式：About paradigm of competition:**
|
||||
|
||||
> 竞争范式就像是赛跑：鼓励每一个跑得更快的人。当资本主义真的这样运作时，当然是件好事；但是维护者若是假设它一直这样运作的话那就大错特错了。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于 vi 和 emacs：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 有时会有人问我在 Emacs 的阵营使用 vi 是不是一种罪过。使用自由版的 vi 并不是一种罪过；是一种忏悔。所以好好享受其中乐趣吧。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于自由和历史：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 历史教会我们：珍惜自由，否则你将失去他。“别和我们谈政治”，对听不进的人这就是答复。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于专利：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 和专利一个一个的战斗并不能解决软件专利带来的危害，就像打再多的蚊子也消灭不了疟疾一样。
|
||||
>
|
||||
> 软件专利对于软件的开发者来说十分危险，因为它们加剧了对于软件理念的垄断。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于版权：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 其实，版权制度对作者也没有什么好处，撇开最受欢迎的那个，其他作者的主旨可能更好理解，所以分享无论对他们还是你的读者都是一件好事。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于工作与报酬：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 劳有所得，或寻求收入的最大化并没有什么错，只要不是不择手段。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于 Chrome OS：**
|
||||
|
||||
> Chrome OS 确实是 GNU/Linux 的操作系统。但是，它在发布时没有安装常用应用，并为安装他们设置了阻碍。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于 Linux 用户：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 许多的 GNU/Linux 用户并没有听过自由软件。他们并没有意识到，这个系统是因为道德理想才存在的，与此一起被忽视的还有所谓的“开源”。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于 facebook 的隐私：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 如果页面上有 “like” 按键，Facebook 就能知道谁访问了页面。即使不是 Facebook 的用户，也可以得到访问该页面电脑的 IP 地址。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于编程：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 编程不是科学，编程是手艺。
|
||||
>
|
||||
> Lisp 和 C 语言是我的最爱。然自 1992 年以来高频的自由软件活动，确实反映了我编的太过匆忙。大概在 2008 年我便停止了编程开发。
|
||||
>
|
||||
> C++ 设计的真糟糕、真丑陋。在 Emacs 上用他应该觉得羞愧。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于钻研（hacking）和学习编程：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 今时不同往日，大家再也不用走我的老路了，完全可以在实际的操作系统上提升自己。上世纪 80 年代，我常遇见计算机专业的毕业生，自出生以来没见过真正的程序。他们接触的到的只有小玩意和学校的作业，因为每一个程序都是商业机密。他们没有机会去写真正实用的特性，修复用户真正遭遇的问题。做这些事便是你应知晓的最好的提升方式。
|
||||
>
|
||||
> 对于如 hacking 这般多样化的东西真的很难简单的下定义，不过在我看来诸如此类的行为都会有以下的这些共同点：嬉乐、智慧和探索。因此，hacking 意味着对可能的极限的探索，一颗向往快乐与智慧心。能带来快乐与智慧的行为就有 “hack 的价值” 。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于浏览网页：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 由于个人原因，我不会在我的电脑上浏览网页。（大部分时间处于没有网络连接的状态。）要浏览网页，我需要给守护进程发 mail，然后它会运行 wget 并把页面通过 mail 发还给我。这对我而言已经是最效率了，但那真的比实时慢太多了。
|
||||
|
||||
**关于音乐共享：**
|
||||
|
||||
> 朋友之间彼此分享音乐，绝不会希望因为系统的一句：禁止私下拷贝！而生分。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://tlhp.cf/fsf-richard-stallman/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Pavlo Rudyi][a]
|
||||
译者：[martin2011qi](https://github.com/martin2011qi)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://tlhp.cf/fsf-richard-stallman/
|
||||
[1]:http://www.gnu.org/
|
||||
[2]:http://www.fsf.org/
|
||||
[3]:https://www.fsf.org/about/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
|
||||
没有 Linux 和开源软件的世界会变得怎么样 —— 听听来自 Linux 基金会的解释
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
> Linux 基金会针最近对人们关于 “没有 Linux 的世界” 系列短片提出的问题做了回应：包括没有 Linux 和其他的开源软件的因特网会变得怎么样等问题。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
假如 Linux —— 一个开源的操作系统内核 —— 不曾出现过，我们现在的世界是否会是另一番景象。会不会没有了因特网，或者没有了电影？这些都是 [Linux 基金会][1] 正在连续播出的 “[没有 Linux 的世界][2]” 系列短片的观众提出来的问题。
|
||||
|
||||
假如你错过了观看这些短片也不要紧，“没有 Linux 的世界” 系列短片是一个古怪的短片集合，里边描述了没有了 Linux （或者说没有开源软件）的世界发生的事情。这些短片强调了 Linux 在 [电影制作][3] 以及 [服务于因特网][4] 中充当的角色。
|
||||
|
||||
为了提供该系列短片的一些主张、方向和隐藏元素，Linux 基金会副主席 Jennifer Cloer 最近在 The VAR Guy 上回应了关于该短片的一些问题。以下是她的原话解答。
|
||||
|
||||
### 最新一集短片 —— Sam 和 Annie 一起看电影。假如没有 Linux，我们现在的荧屏是不是也和短片中的一样？ ###
|
||||
|
||||
在 #4 剧情中，我们恶搞了一下电影 “Avatar”。不管你喜欢还是讨厌，现实中的 “Avatar” 在荧屏上的效果还是让人产生记忆深刻的。在没有 Linux 的世界中，电影的效果就变得非常恐怖，但是我们并不介意它，因为那已经是最好的了。但实际上，“Avatar” 是使用了 Linux 来进行效果制作的。Weta 数码使用了当时世界上最大的 Linux 集群来给电影做效果渲染和 3D 建模。据报道，指环王（Lord of the Rings）、神奇四侠（Fantastic Four）和金刚（King Kong）等电影都用到了 Linux。我希望该短片能引起电影制作工作者的关注，还有很多我们不知道的用到 Linux 来制作的电影。（译者注：这句应该是强度 Linux 在电影制作中的重要应用，可能翻译的不是很好。that work应该指的电影制作，只是直译感觉有点怪，这暂时没想到怎么译的最好。原话为：We hope this episode can bring attention to that work, which hasn't been widely reported.）
|
||||
|
||||
### 很多人对短片的原始剧情进行了批判，其中包括没有 Linux 将没有因特网。你对此持什么样的看法？ ###
|
||||
|
||||
我们很喜欢人们从短片刚上映就进行激烈的辩论。该短片上映当天就超过了 100,000 的观众，这引起了人们对 Linux 在社会中扮演的角色以及全球的社区贡献者和维护者的关注。当然了，没有 Linux 的话，因特网也是会出现的，只是不会像当前我们所熟知的互联网那么成熟而已。每一个短片都对 Linux 在我们每天生活中扮演的角色进行了大胆且有趣的描述。我们希望，这些短片能够把关于 Linux 的故事推广到全世界的人的心里去。
|
||||
|
||||
### 为什么 Sam 和 Annie 的那只猫叫做 String？ ###
|
||||
|
||||
该短片系列中没有一处剧情是偶然的。仔细的观看话，你就会发现其中关于 Linux 和极客们的各种玩笑。小猫 String 是我们的 Linux.com 主编 Libby Clark 以弦理论（string theory）亲自来命名的。在物理学里，弦理论（string theory）是一个理论框架，它用一个叫做弦（String）的一维对象替换了粒子物理学中粒子状粒子。弦理论（string theory）描述了这些弦（String）如何在空间传播以及相互影响。就像 Sam、Annie 和 String 在那个没有 Linux 的世界里的关系那样。
|
||||
|
||||
### 我们期待已久的下两集是什么样的，特别是，最后那集什么时候上映？ ###
|
||||
|
||||
在 #5 短片中，我们将到太空并体验一下没有 Linux 的世界对太空探索的影响。这就像是一场疯狂的骑行。在短片的最后，我们最终还是会见到没有 Linux 的世界里的 Linus。贯穿整个短片系列，里边已经给出关于结局的线索，我在这就不能给太多提示了，因为还有好多人在找线索比赛中继续寻找着。并且我也不能给你们说出关于结局短片的上映日期。你们要自己跟进 #WorldWithoutLinux 主题帖来获取跟多信息。
|
||||
|
||||
### 你可给一些关于 #4 短片相关线索的提示吗？ ###
|
||||
|
||||
在该短片中有另外一个关于免费汉堡餐厅（Free Burger Restaurant）的线索。在那个没有 Linux 的世界里，Linux 最后还是以一种很隐秘的方式出现了，可以说，就像是以另一种语言来解读 Linux。当然，这只是为了好玩，String 也是另外一个模样。
|
||||
|
||||
### 那么，该系列短片达到你所想要的效果了吗？ ###
|
||||
|
||||
是的，达到了。我们很高兴看到人们分享并参与到这些故事中去。
|
||||
我们希望向那些可能不知道 Linux 的人传达更多关于 Linux 的故事并了解 Linux 在当今世界中是无处不在的。全部的短片就是为了把这些关于 Linux 的真相推广给大家，并感谢那些全球性社区的开发者和公司对 Linux 的支持，Linux 使得一切成为可能。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://thevarguy.com/open-source-application-software-companies/linux-foundation-explains-world-without-linux-and-open-so
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Christopher Tozzi][a]
|
||||
译者：[GHLandy](https://github.com/GHLandy)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://thevarguy.com/author/christopher-tozzi
|
||||
[1]:http://linuxfoundation.org/
|
||||
[2]:http://www.linuxfoundation.org/world-without-linux
|
||||
[3]:http://thevarguy.com/open-source-application-software-companies/new-linux-foundation-video-highlights-role-open-source-3d
|
||||
[4]:http://thevarguy.com/open-source-application-software-companies/100715/would-internet-exist-without-linux-yes-without-open-sourc
|
||||
@ -1,125 +0,0 @@
|
||||
# 2015年度十大Linux事件
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
2015年即将结束，我在这里（It's FOSS)发表《2015年的大事件》系列。这个系列的第一篇文章为《2015十大Linux事件》。这些事件在Linux世界中产生了极大的影响，无论它们是积极的还是消极的。
|
||||
|
||||
我总结了2015发生的十个像这样——产生了最大影响的事件。黑喂狗！
|
||||
|
||||
### 2015年度十大Linux/开源相关事件
|
||||
|
||||
补充一句，以下这些项目没有按照时间顺序排列。
|
||||
|
||||
#### 微软与Linux的结盟
|
||||
|
||||
在9月下旬，所有人听到[微软构建了自己的Linux发行版][1]这个消息时都大吃一惊。其在后来被揭露，这其实是一个微软开发的用于`Azur cloud switches`的[软件][2]。
|
||||
|
||||
但故事还没结束。微软真的与Canonical （Ubuntu Linux的母公司）达成合作 来开发[HDInsight][3]——微软在通过Azure上构建Hadoop来进行大数据处理的服务. Ubuntu是[微软在其上部署软件][4]的第一个Linux系统。
|
||||
|
||||
微软会继续保持它与Linux的关系吗？ 还是在使用Linux达到其目的(Azur)就会收手？只有时间能告诉我们一切。
|
||||
|
||||
#### 微软发布适用于Linux的Visual Studio Code
|
||||
|
||||
在微软发布Linux发行版引起喧嚣之前，微软扔下了另一枚炸弹——发布Linux版Visual Studio Code, 与其一并发布的还有Windows以及OS X版。尽管Visual Studio Code并不是开源的，从某种意义上讲，发布Linux版本仍然是Linux用户的胜利。 无论如何，Linus Torvalds曾说过一句很著名的话：“如果微软给Linux开发过一款应用的话，这就意味着我已经赢了”。
|
||||
|
||||
你可以看这个教程来学习[如何在Ubuntu中安装Visual Studio Code][5]。
|
||||
|
||||
#### 苹果公司开源编程语言Swift
|
||||
|
||||
在向Linux及开源“示爱”方面，苹果公司也不甘示弱。苹果用来制作iOS应用的首选编程语言Swift, [现已开源][6]并移植到Linux中。虽然其还在测试中，但你可以轻易地[在Ubuntu中安装Swift][7]。
|
||||
|
||||
但是，苹果就是苹果，它[开始吹嘘][8]其为“第一个视开源开发为公司的关键软件开发策略的计算机公司巨头（原文如此）”。
|
||||
|
||||
#### Ubuntu手机终于发布
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu手机终于在今年年初发布。 因其早期使用者及开发者，Ubuntu深受Ubuntu社区喜爱。主流智能机用户仍然回避它，主要[因为该系统还在大规模开发中][9]。对于Ubuntu手机的问世，2016年将成为决定性的一年。
|
||||
|
||||
#### Jolla遭受经济危机
|
||||
|
||||
Jolla, Sailfish OS —— 以Linux为基础的智能手机系统的幕后公司，遭受了严重的财政障碍。这导致了[一半的Jolla员工罢工][10]。
|
||||
|
||||
Jolla在2014年针对它的平板电脑完成了一次非常[成功的众筹][11]，显然，他们将大部分预算都花在了Sailfish OS的开发上，而在主要投资者退出后，公司在挣扎以求生存。
|
||||
|
||||
不过有一个好消息，Jolla成功拿到了一些雄厚的资金，而且他们已[回归经营生意][12]。
|
||||
|
||||
#### Firefox OS已死
|
||||
|
||||
作为安卓的开源替代品，Mozila的移动操作系统Firefox OS在这个月初慢性死亡。本打算在发展中国家售卖低至25美金的智能手机，可Firefox OS永远没有流行起来。我认为主要原因是它的硬件廉价，以及它缺少流行应用。
|
||||
|
||||
在十二月，[Mozilla宣布][13]其将停止开发Firefox OS, 并停止出售Firefox智能手机。
|
||||
|
||||
我认为[Tizen][14], Linux基金会旗下的基于Linux的移动操作系统，也已经消失了，尽管其从未发布过。我没有看到任何关于Tizen开发的消息，而且Linux基金会从未推动过它的开发。Tizen何时死亡只是一个时间问题。
|
||||
|
||||
#### “Ubuntu家族”内讧
|
||||
|
||||
今年五月，Jonathan Riddell，Kubuntu项目的领导者，[被Ubuntu社区委员会强制要求下台][15]，这引起了很多激烈的讨论。Jonathan曾质问Ubuntu所收捐款的使用情况，他抱怨Kubuntu从未见到过这些钱。
|
||||
|
||||
这导致了两方的互相谴责。最终。Ubuntu的老爹，[Mark Shuttleworth要求Jonathan下台][16]。
|
||||
|
||||
#### 女性Linux内核开发者因“野蛮的沟通方式”而退出
|
||||
|
||||
Linux之父Linus Torvalds因其粗俗的语言而著称。Linux内核开发者[Sarah Sharp][17]也因为嘴快心直而著称。
|
||||
|
||||
Sarah Sharp曾在2013年与Linus Torvalds公开争执，[建议Linus将“语言暴力”赶出邮件列表][18]。Linus也没有[委婉地][19]回复她。
|
||||
|
||||
那是在2013年。2015年，Sarah宣布她正在[逐步停止她在内核社区的工作][20]因为他们的交流方式缺乏基本礼仪，并且野蛮而充满亵渎。
|
||||
|
||||
这一举动让人们开始讨论Linux内核社区是否真的应该改变他们的行为方式，还是Sarah做的太过分了。
|
||||
|
||||
#### Unity游戏编辑器移植到Linux平台
|
||||
|
||||
尽管[在Linux上玩游戏][21]认识Linux用户们的阿克琉斯之踵，整个社区在游戏引擎Unity宣布其正在测试[Linux下的游戏编辑器][22]时都沸腾了。因为在渲染图像时，Linux是一个最流行的选择，所以我们推测这将使游戏开发者向Linux靠拢。不过，Unity是否真的会推出一个最终版本的游戏编辑器，这个问题还未被证实。
|
||||
|
||||
#### 政府机构采用开源软件
|
||||
|
||||
欧洲数个城市的管理机构决定[抛弃先前的软件][23]，并使用其开源的替代品。大多数城市管理机构将Microsoft Office替换为LibreOffice或OpenOffice. 一些城市管理机构和[公立学校][24]也跟进，将Microsoft Windows换成Linux.
|
||||
|
||||
对于这一行为，削减成本是一个重要的因素，因为城市管理机构通过采用开源软件省下了无数欧元。
|
||||
|
||||
大学也并没有在采用开源软件的道路上落后。这一年，我们听到了[大学如何抛弃Photoshop改用Krita][25]以及[大学使用开源Office软件][26]的消息。
|
||||
|
||||
### 总结
|
||||
|
||||
与其他年一样，2015年同样有许多另Linux爱好者感到积极或消极的时刻。我们看到Linux的竞争者，如微软和苹果，向Linux靠拢，政府机构采用开源软件。同时，我们特见证了Firefox智能手机系统的失败。我想说，这真是喜忧参半的一年。
|
||||
|
||||
你认为呢？我希望你们分享你们所认为对于Linuxer们来说最重要的新闻，和你们对这一年的整体感受。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://itsfoss.com/biggest-linux-stories-2015/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Abhishek][a]
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[ StdioA](https://github.com/StdioA)
|
||||
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: http://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
|
||||
[1]: http://www.theregister.co.uk/2015/09/18/microsoft_has_developed_its_own_linux_repeat_microsoft_has_developed_its_own_linux/
|
||||
[2]: http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/09/microsoft-has-built-software-but-not-a-linux-distribution-for-its-software-switches/
|
||||
[3]: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/hdinsight/
|
||||
[4]: http://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-deploys-first-major-server-application-on-ubuntu-linux/
|
||||
[5]: http://itsfoss.com/install-visual-studio-code-ubuntu/
|
||||
[6]: http://itsfoss.com/swift-open-source-linux/
|
||||
[7]: http://itsfoss.com/use-swift-linux/
|
||||
[8]: https://business.facebook.com/itsfoss/photos/pb.115098615297581.-2207520000.1450817108./634288916711879/?type=3&theater
|
||||
[9]: http://www.engadget.com/2015/07/24/ubuntu-phone-review/
|
||||
[10]: http://techcrunch.com/2015/11/20/jolla-running-out-of-runway-for-its-android-alternative/
|
||||
[11]: https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/jolla-tablet-world-s-first-crowdsourced-tablet#/
|
||||
[12]: https://blog.jolla.com/jolla-back-business/
|
||||
[13]: http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2015/12/firefox-os-smartphones-are-dead/
|
||||
[14]: https://www.tizen.org/
|
||||
[15]: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2015/05/kubuntu-project-lead-asked-to-step-down-by-ubuntu-community-council
|
||||
[16]: http://www.cio.com/article/2926838/linux/mark-shuttleworth-ubuntu-community-council-ask-kubuntu-developer-to-step-down-as-leader.html
|
||||
[17]: http://sarah.thesharps.us/
|
||||
[18]: http://www.techeye.net/chips/linus-torvalds-and-intel-woman-in-sweary-spat
|
||||
[19]: http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=137392506516022&w=2
|
||||
[20]: http://www.networkworld.com/article/2988850/opensource-subnet/linux-kernel-dev-sarah-sharp-quits-citing-brutal-communications-style.html
|
||||
[21]: http://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-guide/
|
||||
[22]: http://itsfoss.com/unity-gaming-engine-linux/
|
||||
[23]: http://itsfoss.com/tag/open-source-adoption/
|
||||
[24]: http://itsfoss.com/spanish-school-ditches-windows-ubuntu/
|
||||
[25]: http://itsfoss.com/french-university-dumps-adobe-photoshop-open-source-app-krita/
|
||||
[26]: http://itsfoss.com/hungarian-universities-switch-eurooffice/
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user