diff --git a/published/20231007 Ubuntu vs Kubuntu- Which is the Better Choice for You.md b/published/20231007 Ubuntu vs Kubuntu- Which is the Better Choice for You.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..735c469bd5 --- /dev/null +++ b/published/20231007 Ubuntu vs Kubuntu- Which is the Better Choice for You.md @@ -0,0 +1,235 @@ +[#]: subject: "Ubuntu vs Kubuntu: Which is the Better Choice for You?" +[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-vs-kubuntu/" +[#]: author: "Ankush Das https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/" +[#]: collector: "lujun9972/lctt-scripts-1693450080" +[#]: translator: "ChatGPT" +[#]: reviewer: "wxy" +[#]: publisher: "wxy" +[#]: url: "https://linux.cn/article-16263-1.html" + +Ubuntu 与 Kubuntu：哪一个更适合你？ +====== + +![][0] + +> 对于 Ubuntu 和其相关版本如 Kubuntu 的选择可能会令人迷惑。那就让我们简化这个选择过程吧。 + +Ubuntu 是桌面用户最选择的 Linux 发行版。其特色是一个定制的 GNOME 桌面，可以提供流畅的用户体验。振奋人心！ + +而另一方面，Kubuntu 是 [Ubuntu 发行版家族][1] 中的一员，特色在于其 **KDE Plasma 桌面**。 + +本质上，这两种发行版非常类似，主要区别在于 [桌面环境][2]。 + +_那么，它二者有何明显不同点？是否一个比另外一个更好？对于你来说，何种发行版更为适合？_ + +接下来，我们将比较下它们之间的主要不同，并提供一些基本信息以助你做出选择。 + +> 📋 本篇文章的对比依据是 Ubuntu 23.04 以及 Kubuntu 23.04。随着未来版本的发布，可能会有一些变动，我们也会持续进行更新。 + +### 桌面环境 + +Ubuntu 的特色在于使用了 [GNOME][3] 桌面的定制外观。对于新的 Linux 用户来说，这个布局独特且易用。 + +![Ubuntu 23.04 主屏幕截图][4] + +它并不与 Fedora Linux 的原生 GNOME 体验完全相同。Ubuntu 的桌面环境体验经过了一些改动。 + +Kubuntu 提供了原生的 [KDE Plasma][5] 体验。对于从 Windows 平台转换来的用户，布局会感到相当熟悉，包含开始菜单、系统小工具等等。 + +![Kubuntu 23.04 截图][6] + +如果你尝试过任何其他带有 KDE Plasma 桌面的发行版，其体验应该差不多。 + +它们都是一些极为出色的 [桌面环境][7]，所以，你基于各种布局、定制性和特性选择它们中的哪一个都没有什么问题。 + +为了进行更多的参考，下面是 Ubuntu 的登录页面所呈现的样子： + +![][8] + +接下来，我们看一下带有 X11 桌面会话的 Kubuntu 登录屏幕： + +![][9] + +此外，我为你提供了一份详细的指南，如果你想深入研究，可以参考这份 [KDE 与 GNOME][10] 的对比指南： + +> **[KDE 与 GNOME：Linux 桌面终极之选][10]** + +> 💡 根据发行版版本，例如 [长期支持版][12]（LTS）还是非 LTS，桌面环境及特征集会有所不同。 +> +> 举例来说，如果你选择像 Ubuntu 23.10 或 Kubuntu 23.10 这样的非 LTS 版本，你可以获得更新的桌面版本 —— [GNOME 45][13] 或 [KDE Plasma 5.27][14]。 +> +> 而对于 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS，提供的则是稍旧一些的桌面版本—— [GNOME 42][15] 或 [KDE Plasma 5.24][16]。 + +### 软件管理 + +由于 Ubuntu 和 Kubuntu 其核心都是 Ubuntu（或 Debian），因此可以期待在这两个版本上安装同样的应用程序。 + +但是，你用来管理或安装应用程序的应用商店在每个版本中都是不同的。 + +![][17] + +对于 Ubuntu，它使用 软件中心Software Center 或者 Ubuntu 应用中心Ubuntu App Center（从 [Ubuntu 23.10][18] 开始的新版本），默认集成了 Snap。因此，如果你更倾向于使用 Snap 而不是 Flatpak，Ubuntu 就可以提供以无缝的安装体验。 + +![][19] + +想要使用 Flathub 的包，你可以按照我们的 [Flatpak 使用指南][20] 进行操作，但 Ubuntu 的软件管理器并未提供整合。 + +提及 Kubuntu，你得到的软件管理器是 “发现Discover” 应用。你也可以从软件仓库以及 Snap 包中安装应用。 + +![][21] + +与 Ubuntu 的软件商店相较，“发现”应用在轻松整合 Flatpak 方面更具**灵活性**。 + +你只需多击几下，就可以在设置菜单中通过 **Flatpak 后端插件** 在“发现”应用里列出来自 Flathub 的应用。 + +![][22] + +### 软件与功能点差异 + +有些用户更注重在特定发行版中能做什么，以及开箱即用的软件工具。 + +![Kubuntu 中的屏幕截图操作][23] + +他们并不在意桌面布局或锁屏和登录屏幕的界面如何。他们只在乎**功能特性**，就如你在这里看到的图片展示的那样。 + +![Ubuntu 的快速切换菜单][24] + +> 📋 可用的功能会依据发行版的版本和软件而有所不同。然而，我相信，一些让它们各自独特之处值得你了解，这些可能有助于你的选择。 + +一些重要的功能点如下： + + * Kubuntu 的默认屏幕截图工具提供了注释和编辑功能，而 Ubuntu 则没有这功能。 + * Kubuntu 的文件管理器比 Ubuntu 的包含更多的特性。 + * 作为桌面环境选项，Kubuntu 提供了更多的预装应用。 + * 相比于 Ubuntu，Kubuntu 提供了更多的外观定制选项。 + * Kubuntu 默认使用 KDE “连接Connect” 应用连接你的移动设备。你也可以在 Ubuntu 进行相同的安装以获取这个功能。 + * 在 Ubuntu 上，简易化并自动化的工作空间增加功能易于改进工作流。你可以在 Kubuntu 上增加虚拟桌面，但需手动操作。 + * Ubuntu 具有快捷切换到深色/浅色模式的功能。 + * Ubuntu 针对经常被海量选项所困扰的用户，更加注重简单易用的操作方式。 + +### 发布周期 + +如 Ubuntu 18.04 和 Ubuntu 22.04 这类的 Ubuntu LTS 版本，会在其发布之日后的**五年**内接受软件更新和安全补丁。 + +此外，如果你希望长期使用同一版本，你可以选择开通 [Ubuntu Pro 订阅][25]（个人使用免费），它将为你提供**额外五年的更新支持**。 + +而对于非 LTS 版本，如 Ubuntu 22.10 和 Ubuntu 23.04，则会提供**九个月的维护更新**。 + +> 💡 对大部分用户来说，我们推荐使用 LTS 版本。只有在你准备好在九个月之后升级你的系统，以获取最新最好的软件时，才推荐尝试非 LTS 版本。 + +如果你对这些术语感到不熟，我建议你阅读我们的一些资源，深入理解发布周期： + + * [Ubuntu 的生命周期终止期指的是什么？][26] + * [长期支持版是什么意思？][12] + +总的来说，选择 Ubuntu，你可以获得**相当长的支持选项**。 + +大部分用户可能会认为，由于 Kubuntu 是 Ubuntu 的官方发行版，它们应该具有相同的更新周期。遗憾的是，**并非如此**。 + +在 Kubuntu 中，其**长期支持版从发布之日起仅支持三年**。非长期支持版的更新维护期仅为**九个月**。并无任何扩展软件更新期的选项。 + +### 安装 + +不论是 Ubuntu 还是 Kubuntu，其安装过程都相当直观且易于理解。 + +你将注意到的唯一不同之处在于用户界面及其一些选项。 + +以下是 Kubuntu 的截图： + +![][27] + +![][28] + +尽管它们的界面有所不同，但安装过程都极其简便。 + +这里是 Ubuntu 的一个安装界面截图： + +![][29] + +![][30] + +Ubuntu 近期发布的版本极大地改进了安装器的用户体验。所以，用户在点击步骤进行安装时，可能会觉得更加简洁明了。 + +例如，安装 Ubuntu 后，你或许可以立即选择深色或浅色模式，然而在 Kubuntu 中这样的选项并不可用。 + +![][31] + +### 系统资源使用 + +这里不会有赢家或输家，但基本上，Kubuntu 上的桌面环境（KDE Plasma）更轻量也更注重性能。 + +Ubuntu 的 GNOME 则设计得直观，为你提供了顺畅的用户体验。 + +举个例子，基于我的测试，Ubuntu 在启动后会马上占用大约 **1.5 GB 的内存**： + +![][32] + +而在 Kubuntu 中，启动后占用的内存约为 1.2 GB： + +![][33] + +没错，Kubuntu 的系统监控看起来功能稍多一些。但这就是全部了。 + +因此，在资源使用方面，虽然你在纸面上可能观察到明显的差异，但在实践中，它可能根本不会对你产生影响。 + +### 你应该选择哪个？ + +在选择一个适合日常使用的 Linux 发行版时，你的工作流以及布局都是需要考虑的因素。 + +**如果你熟悉 Windows 平台，Kubuntu 应是一个好选择**（甚至是从 Windows 平台转换过来的用户）。 + +**如果你理解并乐意接受 GNOME 的布局，Ubuntu 可以为你提供简单且现代的体验。** + +但不管是哪种情况，**如果你希望能有高度的可定制性和大量实用工具，Kubuntu 会是一个理想的选择**。反而，**如果你更偏爱简约清晰的布局，选择 Ubuntu 一定不会错**。 + +💬 你更偏好哪一个 Linux 发行版，是什么让你做出这样的选择呢？ + +*（题图：MJ/dbde3529-ecea-4411-a53e-6e75b4e388db）* + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-vs-kubuntu/ + +作者：[Ankush Das][a] +选题：[lujun9972][b] +译者：[ChatGPT](https://linux.cn/lctt/ChatGPT) +校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/ +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: https://itsfoss.com/which-ubuntu-install/ +[2]: https://itsfoss.com/what-is-desktop-environment/ +[3]: https://www.gnome.org/ +[4]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/ubuntu-23-04-home-with-wallpaper.jpg +[5]: https://kde.org/plasma-desktop/ +[6]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/kubuntu-23-04-home.png +[7]: https://itsfoss.com/best-linux-desktop-environments/ +[8]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/ubuntu-log-in-screen.jpg +[9]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/kubuntu-login.jpg +[10]: https://itsfoss.com/kde-vs-gnome/ +[11]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png +[12]: https://itsfoss.com/long-term-support-lts/ +[13]: https://news.itsfoss.com/gnome-45/ +[14]: https://news.itsfoss.com/kde-plasma-5-27-release/ +[15]: https://news.itsfoss.com/gnome-42-features/ +[16]: https://news.itsfoss.com/kde-plasma-5-24-lts-release/ +[17]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/ubuntu-23-04-software-center.png +[18]: https://news.itsfoss.com/ubuntu-23-10/ +[19]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/ubuntu-softwar-center-app.png +[20]: https://itsfoss.com/flatpak-guide/ +[21]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/kde-discover.png +[22]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/09/kubuntu-discover-23-04.jpg +[23]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/kde-spectacle.jpg +[24]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/quick-toggles-on-ubuntu.jpg +[25]: https://ubuntu.com/pro +[26]: https://itsfoss.com/end-of-life-ubuntu/ +[27]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/kubuntu-installation-1.jpg +[28]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/kubuntu-installation.jpg +[29]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/8-location.png +[30]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/6-Disk-layout.png +[31]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/10-light-and-dark-mode.png +[32]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/ubuntu-resources.png +[33]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/kubuntu-system-resources.png +[0]: https://img.linux.net.cn/data/attachment/album/202310/08/104715hv9msvt1segmozs4.jpg \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/sources/tech/20231007 Ubuntu vs Kubuntu- Which is the Better Choice for You.md b/sources/tech/20231007 Ubuntu vs Kubuntu- Which is the Better Choice for You.md deleted file mode 100644 index 46123f09df..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20231007 Ubuntu vs Kubuntu- Which is the Better Choice for You.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,246 +0,0 @@ -[#]: subject: "Ubuntu vs Kubuntu: Which is the Better Choice for You?" -[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-vs-kubuntu/" -[#]: author: "Ankush Das https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/" -[#]: collector: "lujun9972/lctt-scripts-1693450080" -[#]: translator: " " -[#]: reviewer: " " -[#]: publisher: " " -[#]: url: " " - -Ubuntu vs Kubuntu: Which is the Better Choice for You? -====== - -Ubuntu is the most popular Linux distribution for desktop users. It features a customized GNOME desktop to provide a seamless user experience. Exciting - -On the other hand, Kubuntu is one of the [Ubuntu flavours][1] featuring the **KDE Plasma desktop**. - -At its core, both distributions are similar, with the [desktop environment][2] as the striking difference. - -_What exactly are the differences? Is one of them better than the other? What is the perfect distro for your use-case?_ - -Here, we shall highlight the key differences along with essentials to help you pick one. - -📋 - -This comparison uses Ubuntu 23.04 and Kubuntu 23.04. With future releases, there can be some differences, which we will be regularly updating. - -### Desktop Environments - -Ubuntu features a customized look using the [GNOME][3] desktop. The layout is unique for new Linux users, and yet easy to use. - -![A screenshot of Ubuntu 23.04 home screen][4] - -It is not the same as the vanilla GNOME experience you get with the Fedora Linux. The entire desktop environment experience of Ubuntu is tweaked. - -Kubuntu comes baked with a vanilla [KDE Plasma][5] experience. The layout could seem familiar to users switching away from Windows, with a start menu, system widgets, and more. - -![A screenshot of Kubuntu 23.04][6] - -If you have tried any other distribution with KDE Plasma desktop, it will feel more or less the same. - -Both are some of the [best desktop environments][7] available. So, you cannot go wrong picking one based on their layout, customizability, and features. - -To give you some more idea, here's how the log-in screen for Ubuntu looks like: - -![][8] - -And, here's Kubuntu login screen with an X11 desktop session: - -![][9] - -Moreover, I got you! We have a detailed guide to help you compare [KDE vs GNOME][10] if you want to dive in deep: - -![][11] - -💡 - -Depending on the distro edition, i.e., [Long-Term Support][12] (LTS) or non-LTS; the desktop experience and feature-set will differ. - -For instance, with a non-LTS release like Ubuntu 23.10 or Kubuntu 23.10, you can expect a more recent desktop version [GNOME 45][13] or [KDE Plasma 5.27][14]. - -And, with Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, you get a slightly older desktop version [GNOME 42][15] or [KDE Plasma 5.24][16]. - -### Software Management - -Considering both are Ubuntu (or Debian-based) at its core, you can expect to install the same applications on both distributions. - -However, the store that you will be using to manage or install the apps in the distro is different. - -![][17] - -For Ubuntu, it is the **Software Center** or the **Ubuntu App Center** (in newer versions starting from [Ubuntu 23.10][18]), which includes Snap integration by default. So, if you prefer using Snaps over Flatpak, Ubuntu can give you a seamless experience installing them. - -![][19] - -To use packages from Flathub, you can follow our [guide on using Flatpak][20], but there are no baked in integration options with Ubuntu's software manager. - -When it comes to Kubuntu, you get " **Discover** " as the software manager. You get applications from the repositories and Snap packages as well. - -![][21] - -Compared to Ubuntu's software store, Discover is a bit **more flexible with an available add-on to easily integrate Flatpak**. - -All you need is a few clicks to list apps from Flathub on Discover with the **Flatpak back-end add-on** under the Settings menu. - -![][22] - -**Suggested Read 📖** - -![][11] - -### Software and Feature Differences - -I know, some users care about what they can do in the distro, and the software utilities available out-of-the-box. - -![Taking screenshots in Kubuntu][23] - -They aren't concerned about the layout of the desktop or the way the lock screen and log-in screen look like. Just **features** , like the ones shown in the images here. - -![Quick toggle menu on Ubuntu][24] - -📋 - -The features available depend on the version of distribution and the software. However, I believe, you should know a couple of things that make them both stand out, which could help you choose one. - -Some important ones include: - - * The default screenshot tool on Kubuntu provides annotation and edit capabilities, Ubuntu does not offer this. - * The file manager on Kubuntu has more features than the one on Ubuntu. - * Kubuntu offers more pre-installed apps as part of its desktop environment offerings. - * More appearance tweaks available on Kubuntu compared to Ubuntu. - * Ability to connect to your mobile on Kubuntu using its KDE Connect app by default. You can install the same app on Ubuntu for the functionality. - * Adding a workspace to improve workflow is easy and automated on Ubuntu. You can add 'Virtual Desktops' on Kubuntu, but you will have to add them manually. - * Quick toggle to use dark/light mode on Ubuntu. - * Ubuntu focuses on a simpler approach for users who often get overwhelmed by a plethora of options displayed. - - - -### Release Cycle - -Ubuntu LTS editions like Ubuntu 18.04 and Ubuntu 22.04 receive software updates and security fixes for **five years** (from its release date). - -Furthermore, if you want to keep using the same version for longer, you can opt for [Ubuntu Pro subscription][25] (free for personal use) which extends **five more years of updates.** - -And, the non-LTS versions like Ubuntu 22.10 and Ubuntu 23.04 are limited to **nine months of maintenance updates**. - -💡 - -For most users, LTS releases are recommended. You can try installing non-LTS versions only if you are ready to upgrade your system after nine months to get the latest and greatest software. - -If you are new to these terms, I suggest you go through some of our resources to understand the release cycle in detail: - - * [What is End of Life for Ubuntu?][26] - * [What is a Long-Term Support Release?][12] - - - -In a nutshell, with Ubuntu, **you get a pretty long support option**. - -Most users believe that just because Kubuntu is an official Ubuntu flavour, it will also receive updates for the same duration as Ubuntu. - -**Unfortunately, that is not true.** - -With Kubuntu, the **LTS editions are supported for three years** from release. And, the non-LTS releases are maintained for **nine months**. There are no options to extend the software update duration. - -### Installation - -The installation is easy and similar for both the distributions. - -The only differences you will notice is with the user interface, and a couple of options. - -Here are a couple of screenshots for Kubuntu: - -![][27] - -![][28] - -It is incredibly easy to get both of them installed, no matter how they look. - -Here's how Ubuntu installation looks with their modern installer: - -![][29] - -![][30] - -Canonical's Ubuntu has improved the user experience for its installer in the recent releases. So, a user might find it a tad bit easier (with a modern touch) to click through the steps to install it. - -For instance, you may get the option to choose between dark/light mode right after installing Ubuntu, but not Kubuntu. - -![][31] - -### System Resource Usage - -I will not declare a winner here, but in general, the desktop environment (KDE Plasma) on Kubuntu is a lightweight and performance-focused. - -GNOME on Ubuntu is tailored to give you an intuitive user experience. - -To give you an idea, Ubuntu, right after boot, takes **1.5 GB of memory** when I checked using its system monitor: - -![][32] - -When I look at the same thing on Kubuntu, it occupies 1.2 GB of memory right after boot: - -![][33] - -Sure, Kubuntu's system monitor looks a bit more functional. And, that's about it. - -So, in terms of resource usage, you might notice differences on paper, but practically, it may not bother you at all. - -### What Should You Pick? - -When it comes to selecting a Linux distribution to daily drive, you should always consider your workflow and the layout. - -**Kubuntu should be a nice choice for users familiar with the Windows platform** (or switching away from it). - -**Ubuntu can be a simple and modern experience** if you do not have a problem getting comfortable with its layout. - -In either case, if you are looking for **customizability and more utilities, try Kubuntu**. **** Considering you **prefer** **simplicity, you cannot go wrong with Ubuntu**. - -💬 _What is your favorite Linux distribution among the two and why?_ - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-vs-kubuntu/ - -作者：[Ankush Das][a] -选题：[lujun9972][b] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/ -[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 -[1]: https://itsfoss.com/which-ubuntu-install/ -[2]: https://itsfoss.com/what-is-desktop-environment/ -[3]: https://www.gnome.org/ -[4]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/ubuntu-23-04-home-with-wallpaper.jpg -[5]: https://kde.org/plasma-desktop/ -[6]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/kubuntu-23-04-home.png -[7]: https://itsfoss.com/best-linux-desktop-environments/ -[8]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/ubuntu-log-in-screen.jpg -[9]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/kubuntu-login.jpg -[10]: https://itsfoss.com/kde-vs-gnome/ -[11]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png -[12]: https://itsfoss.com/long-term-support-lts/ -[13]: https://news.itsfoss.com/gnome-45/ -[14]: https://news.itsfoss.com/kde-plasma-5-27-release/ -[15]: https://news.itsfoss.com/gnome-42-features/ -[16]: https://news.itsfoss.com/kde-plasma-5-24-lts-release/ -[17]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/ubuntu-23-04-software-center.png -[18]: https://news.itsfoss.com/ubuntu-23-10/ -[19]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/ubuntu-softwar-center-app.png -[20]: https://itsfoss.com/flatpak-guide/ -[21]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/kde-discover.png -[22]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/09/kubuntu-discover-23-04.jpg -[23]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/kde-spectacle.jpg -[24]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/quick-toggles-on-ubuntu.jpg -[25]: https://ubuntu.com/pro -[26]: https://itsfoss.com/end-of-life-ubuntu/ -[27]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/kubuntu-installation-1.jpg -[28]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/kubuntu-installation.jpg -[29]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/8-location.png -[30]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/6-Disk-layout.png -[31]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/10-light-and-dark-mode.png -[32]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/ubuntu-resources.png -[33]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/10/kubuntu-system-resources.png