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Update 20150728 Process of the Linux kernel building.md

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Ezio 2015-08-19 10:05:45 +08:00
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@ -411,6 +411,8 @@ $(addprefix $(obj)/,$(filter-out fixdep,$(always))): $(obj)/fixdep
First program is `fixdep` - optimizes list of dependencies generated by the [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/) that tells make when to remake a source code file. The second program is `bin2c` depends on the value of the `CONFIG_BUILD_BIN2C` kernel configuration option and very little C program that allows to convert a binary on stdin to a C include on stdout. You can note here strange notation: `hostprogs-y` and etc. This notation is used in the all `kbuild` files and more about it you can read in the [documentation](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt). In our case the `hostprogs-y` tells to the `kbuild` that there is one host program named `fixdep` that will be built from the will be built from `fixdep.c` that located in the same directory that `Makefile`. The first output after we will execute `make` command in our terminal will be result of this `kbuild` file:
第一个工具是`fixdep`：用来优化[gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/) 生成的依赖列表，然后在重新编译源文件的时候告诉make。第二个工具是`bin2c`,他依赖于内核配置选项`CONFIG_BUILD_BIN2C`,并且它是一个用来将标准输入接口（注：即stdin）收到的二进制流通过标准输出接口（即：stdout）转换成C 头文件的非常小的C 程序。你可以注意到这里有些奇怪的标志，如`hostprogs-y`等。这些标志使用在所有的`kbuild` 文件，更多的信息你可以从[documentation](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt) 获得。在我们的用例`hostprogs-y` 中，他告诉`kbuild` 这里有个名为`fixed` 的程序，这个程序会通过和`Makefile` 相同目录的`fixdep.c` 编译而来。执行make 之后，终端的第一个输出就是`kbuild` 的结果：
```
$ make
HOSTCC scripts/basic/fixdep
@ -418,12 +420,16 @@ $ make
As `script_basic` target was executed, the `archscripts` target will execute `make` for the [arch/x86/tools](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/arch/x86/tools/Makefile) makefile with the `relocs` target:
当目标`script_basic` 被执行，目标`archscripts` 就会make [arch/x86/tools](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/arch/x86/tools/Makefile) 下的makefile 和目标`relocs`:
```Makefile
$(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=arch/x86/tools relocs
```
The `relocs_32.c` and the `relocs_64.c` will be compiled that will contain [relocation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relocation_%28computing%29) information and we will see it in the `make` output:
代码`relocs_32.c` 和`relocs_64.c` 包含了[重定位](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relocation_%28computing%29) 的信息，将会被编译，者可以在`make` 的输出中看到：
```Makefile
HOSTCC arch/x86/tools/relocs_32.o
HOSTCC arch/x86/tools/relocs_64.o
@ -433,6 +439,8 @@ The `relocs_32.c` and the `relocs_64.c` will be compiled that will contain [relo
There is checking of the `version.h` after compiling of the `relocs.c`:
在编译完`relocs.c` 之后会检查`version.h`:
```Makefile
$(version_h): $(srctree)/Makefile FORCE
$(call filechk,version.h)
@ -441,12 +449,17 @@ $(version_h): $(srctree)/Makefile FORCE
We can see it in the output:
我们可以在输出看到它：
```
CHK include/config/kernel.release
```
and the building of the `generic` assembly headers with the `asm-generic` target from the `arch/x86/include/generated/asm` that generated in the top Makefile of the Linux kernel. After the `asm-generic` target the `archprepare` will be done, so the `prepare0` target will be executed. As I wrote above:
以及在内核根Makefiel 使用`arch/x86/include/generated/asm`的目标`asm-generic` 来构建`generic` 汇编头文件。在目标`asm-generic` 之后，`archprepare` 就会被完成，所以目标`prepare0` 会接着被执行，如我上面所写：
```Makefile
prepare0: archprepare FORCE
$(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=.
@ -454,12 +467,15 @@ prepare0: archprepare FORCE
Note on the `build`. It defined in the [scripts/Kbuild.include](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/scripts/Kbuild.include) and looks like this:
注意`build`，它是定义在文件[scripts/Kbuild.include](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/scripts/Kbuild.include)，内容是这样的：
```Makefile
build := -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.build obj
```
or in our case it is current source directory - `.`:
或者在我们的例子中，他就是当前源码目录路径——`.`：
```Makefile
$(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.build obj=.
```