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sources/news/20140731 Red Hat aims to standardize Linux for 64-bit ARM servers.md
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Red Hat aims to standardize Linux for 64-bit ARM servers
================================================================================
> Red Hat wants Linux for ARM servers to avoid the fragmentation that plagued Unix in decades past
DG News Service - Red Hat has developed a version of the Linux operating system that can be used to test chips and associated hardware based on the ARMv8-A 64-bit architecture for servers with the aim of standardizing that market.
Based on the company's Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), the Linux distribution is part of a [partner program][1] that Red Hat launched Wednesday for potential [ARM hardware vendors][2].
"We don't call it RHEL, but it is a functional, unsupported, operating system for partners to use in their development activities," said Mark Coggin, Red Hat senior director of platform product marketing.
Red Hat designed the program to get the hardware manufacturers to settle on a standard implementation of the ARMv8-A specification. ARM does not manufacture its own processors, licensing its designs to chip manufacturers instead.
A standard implementation would mean that customers could purchase ARMv8-A servers from any manufacturer, knowing that their ARM 64-bit operating systems and software will work no matter who created the chip, Coggin said. Red Hat would like Linux ARM to avoid the fate of AT&T's Unix operating system, which fragmented into a number of different and incompatible versions.
"We see the importance of stepping in early and ensure that we don't end up with a fragmented approach, where if you wanted to run an AMD implementation of ARM, you'd need one version of Linux, and if you wanted to run a Broadcom implementation of ARM, you'd need another version," Coggin said.
Some of the work of standardizing ARM for servers has been done through an industry consortium started earlier this year, called the [Server Base System Architecture][3] (SBSA) specification, as well as through ongoing work from the Linaro Enterprise Group. Red Hat's unnamed ARM Linux distribution uses specifications from both groups.
Red Hat hopes to influence not only the companies that make the chips but also hardware vendors, original equipment manufacturers and original design manufacturers.
Thus far, manufacturers such as Advanced Micro Devices, American Megatrends, AppliedMicro, Broadcom, Cavium, Dell and Hewlett-Packard have all pledged support to Red Hat's standardization efforts.
"If ARM is to be a viable competitor in the server space, [hardware providers] have to comply to the common understanding of what is possible to run on this type of server. Customers and users demand that from manufacturers today in the x86 world," said Yan Fisher, Red Hat technical product marketing manager.
Through the program, Red Hat will learn more about what the manufacturers need from an enterprise Linux distribution for 64-bit ARM, Coggin said. The operating system may one day become the basis for an ARM version of RHEL.
"We're trying to understand the platform dependencies from a technology requirements perspective," Coggin said. "We don't know if or when this will ever become a product, but we are positioning ourselves in a way that at some point we could enter the market."
Red Hat's Fedora project has offered an ARM distribution for the past several years and this release, though based on the Fedora work, is configured more toward ARM server use.
Although ARM processors are used in most mobile devices, only recently [has there been a movement in the industry][4] to use them in data-center servers as well, where their low-power design could cut energy costs.
Only a handful of ARMv8-A processors and associated hardware are currently available, mostly as early previews for developers or packaged in proprietary systems.
AMD Opteron A1100-Series ARM processors, designed specifically for servers, were released Wednesday to developers. AMD also offers the ARM Cortex-A57 ARMv8 which was designed for system-on-a-chip architectures.
AppliedMicro offers production-ready ARM servers, under the X-Gene brand and Hewlett-Packard is prepping its Moonshot line of ARM servers. Motherboard manufacturer American Megatrends offers a BIOS chip to boot ARM processors.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9250061/Red_Hat_aims_to_standardize_Linux_for_64_bit_ARM_servers?taxonomyId=122
作者：Joab Jackson
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[1]:http://connect.redhat.com/early-access-programs/red-hat-and-64-bit-arm-ecosystem
[2]:https://engage.redhat.com/arm-s-201407291033
[3]:http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.den0029/index.html
[4]:http://www.networkworld.com/article/2171235/servers/arm-servers-with-64-bit-calxeda-chips-to-ship-next-year.html

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红帽旨在标准化Linux的64位ARM服务器
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> 红帽想通过 Linux for ARM 服务器，以避免困扰在Unix身上的几十年的分裂的发生 。
DG通讯社 - 红帽公司已经开发出一个服务器版本的Linux操作系统，可以用来测试基于ARMv8-A 64-bit架构的芯片及其周边硬件，志在统一服务器市场。
基于红帽企业Linux（RHEL）的Linux发行版，是红帽在周三推出的，是潜在的[ARM硬件厂商][2]的[合作伙伴计划][1]的一部分。
“我们并不称其为RHEL，但它是一种功能性的，不受支持的，为合作伙伴在其发展活动中使用的操作系统”，红帽平台产品营销高级主管Mark Coggin说。
红帽的设计方案得到了硬件厂商在ARMv8-A规格的实施标准。 ARM本身并不生产自己的处理器，而是将其设计产权授权于芯片制造商。
标准的解决方案将意味着用户可以从任何制造商购买ARMv8-A的服务器，他们深知自己的ARM 64位操作系统和软件将能完美地工作在不管是谁生产的芯片上，Coggin说。红帽希望Linux的ARM能避免像AT＆T的Unix操作系统，分裂成许多不同不兼容的版本的命运。
“我们看到了早期进入市场的重要性，并且确信我们不会溃败的溃不成军，如果你想运行一个AMD的ARM解决方案，你需要一个相应的Linux版本，如果你想运行博通的ARM解决方案，你就需要另外一个版本，“Coggin说。
今年早些时候开始，一些ARM的服务器的标准化工作已经完成，通过一个行业协会，被称为服务器系统基础架构（SBSA）规范的组织，以及通过从Linaro的企业集团正在开展的工作。 Red Hat的未命名的ARM Linux发行版使用着来自这两个组织的规范。
红帽不仅希望能影响到芯片生产商同时也包括硬件供应商，原始设备制造商和原始设计制造商的公司。
迄今为止，制造商，如Advanced Micro Devices公司，American Megatrends，AppliedMicro，博通，Cavium公司，戴尔和惠普都承诺将支持Red Hat的标准化工作。
“如果ARM将在服务器领域终将成为一个有力的的竞争者的话，[硬件提供商]将不得不屈从于这样一种局面，即这种架构的服务器所能运行的应用。消费者和用户希望得到在今天的x86世界所存在同样的需求， “Yan Fisher，红帽技术产品营销经理说。
通过该方案，红帽将了解到更多有关制造商对企业版 64位 ARM Linux 发行版的需求，Coggin说。可能有一天基础操作系统会成为RHEL的ARM版本。
“我们正在试图从技术层面了解其平台依赖性，”Coggin说。 “我们不知道它是否或何时会成为一个产品，但是我们有我们自己定位自己的方式，在某些时候，我们相信可以我们进入市场。”
尽管Red Hat的Fedora项目过去和现在一直在提供ARM架构的发行版，但是在基于Fedora的基础上，更多的是对ARM的服务器的优化配置。
尽管ARM处理器在大多数移动设备使用广泛，但是直到最近才出现了在同行业中使用它们作为数据中心的迹象，它们的低功耗设计可以大大降低能源消耗。
只有极少数的ARMv8-A处理器和相关的硬件目前是可用的，大部分是一些比如早期的开发者预览版的或预装的专有系统。
AMD皓龙A1100系列ARM处理器，专为服务器设计，周三将会释放给开发者。 AMD还提供了专为SOC(注：system-on-a-chip 片上系统)架构设计的Cortex-A57 ARMv8。
AppliedMicro提供已经生产就绪的ARM服务器，在X-Gene的品牌之下，惠普正在准备推出其登月的ARM服务器产品线。主板制造商美国Megatrends提供了一个BIOS芯片用来启动ARM处理器。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9250061/Red_Hat_aims_to_standardize_Linux_for_64_bit_ARM_servers?taxonomyId=122
作者：Joab Jackson
译者：[owen-carter](https://github.com/owen-carter)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[1]:http://connect.redhat.com/early-access-programs/red-hat-and-64-bit-arm-ecosystem
[2]:https://engage.redhat.com/arm-s-201407291033
[3]:http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.den0029/index.html
[4]:http://www.networkworld.com/article/2171235/servers/arm-servers-with-64-bit-calxeda-chips-to-ship-next-year.html