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translating---geekpi
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Using the Linux find command with caution
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======
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A friend recently reminded me of a useful option that can add a little caution to the commands that I run with the Linux find command. It's called -ok and it works like the -exec option except for one important difference -- it makes the find command ask for permission before taking the specified action.
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Here's an example. If you were looking for files that you intended to remove from the system using find, you might run a command like this:
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```
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$ find . -name runme -exec rm {} \;
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```
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Anywhere within the current directory and its subdirectories, any files named "runme" would be summarily removed -- provided, of course, you have permission to remove them. Use the -ok command instead, and you'll see something like this. The find command will ask for approval before removing the files. Answering **y** for "yes" would allow the find command to go ahead and remove the files one by one.
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```
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$ find . -name runme -ok rm {} \;
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< rm ... ./bin/runme > ?
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```
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### The -exedir command is also an option
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Another option that can be used to modify the behavior of the find command and potentially make it more controllable is the -execdir command. Where -exec runs whatever command is specified, -execdir runs the specified command from the directory in which the located file resides rather than from the directory in which the find command is run. Here's an example of how it works:
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```
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$ pwd
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/home/shs
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$ find . -name runme -execdir pwd \;
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/home/shs/bin
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```
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```
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$ find . -name runme -execdir ls \;
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ls rm runme
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```
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So far, so good. One important thing to keep in mind, however, is that the -execdir option will also run commands from the directories in which the located files reside. If you run the command shown below and the directory contains a file named "ls", it will run that file and it will run it even if the file does _not_ have execute permissions set. Using **-exec** or **-execdir** is similar to running a command by sourcing it.
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```
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$ find . -name runme -execdir ls \;
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Running the /home/shs/bin/ls file
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```
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```
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$ find . -name runme -execdir rm {} \;
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This is an imposter rm command
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```
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```
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$ ls -l bin
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total 12
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-r-x------ 1 shs shs 25 Oct 13 18:12 ls
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-rwxr-x--- 1 shs shs 36 Oct 13 18:29 rm
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 shs shs 28 Oct 13 18:55 runme
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```
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```
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$ cat bin/ls
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echo Running the $0 file
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$ cat bin/rm
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echo This is an imposter rm command
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```
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### The -okdir option also asks for permission
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To be more cautious, you can use the **-okdir** option. Like **-ok** , this option will prompt for permission to run the command.
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```
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$ find . -name runme -okdir rm {} \;
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< rm ... ./bin/runme > ?
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```
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You can also be careful to specify the commands you want to run with full paths to avoid any problems with imposter commands like those shown above.
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```
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$ find . -name runme -execdir /bin/rm {} \;
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```
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The find command has a lot of options besides the default print. Some can make your file searching more precise, but a little caution is always a good idea.
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Join the Network World communities on [Facebook][1] and [LinkedIn][2] to comment on topics that are top of mind.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3233305/linux/using-the-linux-find-command-with-caution.html
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作者：[Sandra Henry-Stocker][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.networkworld.com/author/Sandra-Henry_Stocker/
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[1]:https://www.facebook.com/NetworkWorld/
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[2]:https://www.linkedin.com/company/network-world
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@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
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谨慎使用 Linux find 命令
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======
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最近有朋友提醒我在运行 find 命令的时候可以添加一个有用的选项来增加一些谨慎。它是 -ok，除了一个重要的区别之外，它的工作方式与 -exec 相似，它使 find 命令在执行指定的操作之前请求权限。
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这有一个例子。如果你使用 find 命令查找文件并删除它们，则可以运行下面的命令：
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```
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$ find . -name runme -exec rm {} \;
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```
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在当前目录及其子目录中中任何名为 “runme” 的文件都将被立即删除 - 当然，你要有权删除它们。改用 -ok 选项，你会看到类似这样的东西。find 命令将在删除文件之前会请求权限。回答 **y** 代表 “yes” 将允许 find 命令继续并逐个删除文件。
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```
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$ find . -name runme -ok rm {} \;
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< rm ... ./bin/runme > ?
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```
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### -exedir 命令也是一个选项
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另一个可以用来修改 find 命令行为并可能使其更可控的选项是 -execdir 命令。其中 -exec 运行指定的任何命令，-execdir 从文件所在的目录运行指定的命令，而不是运行 find 命令所在的目录。这是一个它的例子：
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```
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$ pwd
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/home/shs
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$ find . -name runme -execdir pwd \;
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/home/shs/bin
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```
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```
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$ find . -name runme -execdir ls \;
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ls rm runme
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```
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到现在为止还挺好。但要记住的是，-execdir 也会在匹配文件的目录中执行命令。如果运行下面的命令，并且目录包含一个名为 “ls” 的文件，那么即使该文件_没有_执行权限，它也将运行该文件。使用 **-exec** 或 **-execdir** 类似于通过 source 来运行命令。
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```
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$ find . -name runme -execdir ls \;
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Running the /home/shs/bin/ls file
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```
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```
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$ find . -name runme -execdir rm {} \;
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This is an imposter rm command
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```
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```
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$ ls -l bin
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total 12
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-r-x------ 1 shs shs 25 Oct 13 18:12 ls
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-rwxr-x--- 1 shs shs 36 Oct 13 18:29 rm
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 shs shs 28 Oct 13 18:55 runme
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```
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```
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$ cat bin/ls
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echo Running the $0 file
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$ cat bin/rm
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echo This is an imposter rm command
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```
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### -okdir 选项也会请求权限
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要更谨慎，可以使用 **-okdir** 选项。类似 **-ok**，该选项将要求权限来运行该命令。
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```
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$ find . -name runme -okdir rm {} \;
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< rm ... ./bin/runme > ?
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```
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你也可以小心地指定你想用的命令的完整路径，以避免像上面那样的冒牌命令出现的任何问题。
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```
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$ find . -name runme -execdir /bin/rm {} \;
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```
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find 命令除了默认打印之外还有很多选项。有些可以使你的文件搜索更精确，但一点小心总是一个好主意。
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在 [Facebook][1] 和 [LinkedIn][2] 上加入网络世界社区来进行评论。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3233305/linux/using-the-linux-find-command-with-caution.html
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作者：[Sandra Henry-Stocker][a]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.networkworld.com/author/Sandra-Henry_Stocker/
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[1]:https://www.facebook.com/NetworkWorld/
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[2]:https://www.linkedin.com/company/network-world
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