document/TranslateProject
2
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git synced 2024-12-26 21:30:55 +08:00
Code Issues Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity

Merge pull request #2137 from yupmoon/master

Browse Source 
tranlated
This commit is contained in:
joeren 2014-12-23 13:07:50 +08:00
commit 683c96900a
3 changed files with 69 additions and 69 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

2
sources/news/20141211 Turla espionage operation infects Linux systems with malware.md
View File

@ -32,4 +32,4 @@ via: http://www.computerworld.com/article/2857129/turla-espionage-operation-infe
[a]:http://www.computerworld.com/author/Lucian-Constantin/
[1]:http://news.techworld.com/security/3505688/invisible-russian-cyberweapon-stalked-us-and-ukraine-since-2005-new-research-reveals/
[2]:https://securelist.com/blog/research/67962/the-penquin-turla-2/
[2]:https://securelist.com/blog/research/67962/the-penquin-turla-2/

68
sources/news/20141219 The 'grinch' isn't a Linux vulnerability, Red Hat says.md
View File

@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
#####translating_by_yupmoon############
The 'grinch' isn't a Linux vulnerability, Red Hat says
================================================================================
![](http://images.techhive.com/images/article/2014/12/grinch-linux-100536132-primary.idge.png)
Credit: [Natalia Wilson via Creative Commons][1]
> The way Linux handles user permissions could still lead to potential misuse, security researchers say
The "grinch" Linux vulnerability that Alert Logic raised alarms about Tuesday is not a vulnerability at all, according to Red Hat.
"This report incorrectly classifies expected behavior as a security issue," said a [Red Hat bulletin issued Wednesday][2], responding to Alert Logic's claims.
Security firm Alert Logic Tuesday claimed that grinch could be as severe as the Heartbleed bug and that it's [a serious design flaw in how Linux systems handle user permissions][3], which could allow malicious attackers to gain root access to a machine.
Alert Logic claimed that an attacker could exploit grinch through the use of a third-party Linux software framework called Policy Kit (Polkit), which was designed to aid users in installing and running software packages. Red Hat maintains Polkit, an open-source program. By allowing users to install software programs, which usually requires root access, Polkit could provide an avenue to run malicious programs, inadvertently or otherwise, Alert Logic said.
But the system was designed to work that way -- in other words, grinch is not a bug but a feature, according to Red Hat.
"If you are trusting users to install any software on your system without a password by using software that leverages Policykit, you are inherently bypassing the authentication and access control built into Linux," wrote Jen Andre, cofounder of the Threat Stack security monitoring firm, [in a blog post on the topic][4].
Even though the grinch behavior is intended, it still can be abused or modified to compromise systems, Alert Logic senior security researcher Tyler Bourland wrote in an email to the IDG News Service.
"The issue here is that there is a way to open up the surface area to attacks," Bourland wrote. "If installing packages worked like every other operation, such as removing packages or adding repositories, and always asked for a password, then this wouldn't have the abuse potential we've identified."
Nonetheless, the use of Polkit has some severe limitations for the would-be attacker, Andre said in an interview.
The attacker would need to have physical access to the Linux computer and have to interact with the machine through an attached keyboard and mouse. If the attacker had this level of access, it would be just as easy to reboot the machine into a recovery mode and access the data and programs that way, Andre noted.
Also, Polkit is not installed by default on all Linux machines -- in fact, the primary use case is for workstations that have graphical desktop interfaces, which themselves constitute a small percentage of Linux machines running today, Andre said.
In other words, grinch doesn't have the wide attack surface of [Shellshock][5], which relied on the Bash shell found in nearly all Linux distributions.
Other security experts have also downplayed grinch.
"In some ways, this isn't so much a vulnerability, as more a common overly permissive configuration of many Linux systems," wrote Johannes Ullrich of the SANS Institute's Internet Storm Center security advisory site, [in a blog post][6].
Ullrich also noted that grinch is not entirely benign, however: "It could easily be leveraged to escalate privileges beyond the intent of the Polkit configuration."
Andre pointed out that administrators who are managing desktop Linux machines running Polkit should be aware of the potential danger and that they should check what programs Polkit is managing to ensure no malicious activity is going on.
Application developers and Linux distributors should also ensure that they are using the Polkit framework correctly, Andre said.
Even Tyler, the co-author of the original report, seems to admit that grinch is not so severe.
Grinch is a "surface opening stager and by itself nothing much," Bourland wrote, referring to how an attacker would need additional vulnerabilities to use in conjunction with grinch to stage an attack,[in an email on the Open Source Security mailing list][7].
(Lucian Constantin contributed to this report.)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via:http://www.computerworld.com/article/2861392/security0/the-grinch-isnt-a-linux-vulnerability-red-hat-says.html
作者：[Joab Jackson][a]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:http://www.computerworld.com/author/Joab-Jackson/
[1]:http://www.flickr.com/photos/moonrat/4571563485/
[2]:https://access.redhat.com/articles/1298913
[3]:http://www.pcworld.com/article/2860032/this-linux-grinch-could-put-a-hole-in-your-security-stocking.html
[4]:http://blog.threatstack.com/the-linux-grinch-vulnerability-separating-the-fact-from-the-fud
[5]:http://www.computerworld.com/article/2687983/shellshock-flaws-roils-linux-server-shops.html
[6]:https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Is+the+polkit+Grinch+Going+to+Steal+your+Christmas/19077
[7]:http://seclists.org/oss-sec/2014/q4/1078

68
translated/news/20141219 The 'grinch' isn't a Linux vulnerability, Red Hat says.md Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
红帽反驳：“grinch”算不上Linux漏洞
================================================================================
![](http://images.techhive.com/images/article/2014/12/grinch-linux-100536132-primary.idge.png)
图片来源：[Natalia Wilson，受Creative Commons许可][1]
> 安全专家表示，Linux处理权限的方式仍有可能导致潜在的误操作。
但红帽对此不以为然，称 Alert Logic 于本周二（译者注：12月16日）公布的 grinch (“鬼精灵”) Linux漏洞根本算不上是安全漏洞。
[红帽于周三发表简报][2] 回应Alert Logic 说法，表示：“（Alert Logic的）这份报告错误地将正常预期动作归为安全问题。”
安全公司Alert Logic于本周二声称“鬼精灵”漏洞其严重性堪比 Heartbleed 臭虫，并称其是 [Linux 系统处理用户权限时的重大设计缺陷][3]，恶意攻击者可借此获取机器的root权限。
Alert Logic 称攻击者可以使用第三方Linux 软件框架Policy Kit (Polkit)达到利用“鬼精灵”漏洞的目的。Polkit旨在帮助用户安装与运行软件包，此开源程序由红帽维护。Alert Logic 声称，允许用户安装软件程序的过程中往往需要超级用户权限，如此一来，Polkit也在不经意间或通过其它形式为恶意程序的运行洞开方便之门。
红帽对此不以为意，表示系统就是这么设计的，换句话说，“鬼精灵”不是臭虫而是一项特性。
安全监控公司Threat Stack联合创造人 Jen Andre [就此在一篇博客][4]中写道：“如果你任由用户通过使用那些利用了Policykit的软件，无需密码就可以在系统上安装任何软件，实际上也就绕过了Linux内在授权与访问控制。”
Alert Logic 高级安全研究员 James Staten 在发给国际数据集团新闻社(IDG News Service)的电子邮件中写道，虽然这种行为是设计使然，有意为之，但“鬼精灵”仍然可能被加以利用或修改来攻陷系统。
“现在的问题是表面存在一个薄弱环节，可以被用来攻击系统，如果安装软件包象其它操作一样，比如删除软件包或添加软件源，没有密码不行，那么就不会存在被恶意利用的可能性了。”
不过 Andre 在一次采访中也表示，对那些跃跃欲试的攻击者来说，想利用Polkit还是有一些苛刻限制的。
攻击者需要能够物理访问机器，并且还须通过外设键鼠与机器互动。如果攻击者能够物理访问机器，可以象重启机器进入恢复模式访问数据与程序一样地轻而易举的得手。
Andre表示，不是所有Linux机器都默认安装Polkit -- 事实上，其主要用于拥有桌面图形界面的工作站，在当今运行的Linux机器中占有很小的份额。
换句话说，“鬼精灵”并不具有象[Shellshock][5]那样广泛的攻击面， 后者存在于Bash shell中，几乎所有发行版无一幸免。
其他安全专家对“鬼精灵”漏洞也不以为然。
系统网络安全协会（SANS Institute）互联网风暴中心（Internet Storm Center）咨询网站的 Johanners Ullrich 在[一篇博文][6]中写道：“某种程度上，与很多Linux系统过分随意的设置相比，这个并算不上多大的漏洞。”
Ullrich 同时还指出，“鬼精灵”漏洞也并非完全“良性”，“可以很容易地加以利用，获得超出Polkit设置预期的权限。”
Andre指出，负责管理运行Polkit桌面Linux机器的管理员要做到心中有数，了解潜在的危险，检查那些程序是靠Polkit来管理的，确保系统无虞。
他还表示，应用开发者与Linux 发行者也应确保正确使用Polkit框架。
原始报告的另一位作者Even Tyler似乎也承认“鬼精灵”并非十分严重。
[在开源安全邮件列表的一封邮件中][7]，Bourland 提到攻击者需要借助其它漏洞，连同“鬼精灵”才能发起攻击时，他写道，“鬼精灵”就象个“开启界面的熟练工，但是本身并不能翻多高的浪。”
（Lucian Constantin 对本文也有贡献。）
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via:http://www.computerworld.com/article/2861392/security0/the-grinch-isnt-a-linux-vulnerability-red-hat-says.html
作者：[Joab Jackson][a]
译者：[yupmoon](https://github.com/yupmoon)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:http://www.computerworld.com/author/Joab-Jackson/
[1]:http://www.flickr.com/photos/moonrat/4571563485/
[2]:https://access.redhat.com/articles/1298913
[3]:http://www.pcworld.com/article/2860032/this-linux-grinch-could-put-a-hole-in-your-security-stocking.html
[4]:http://blog.threatstack.com/the-linux-grinch-vulnerability-separating-the-fact-from-the-fud
[5]:http://www.computerworld.com/article/2687983/shellshock-flaws-roils-linux-server-shops.html
[6]:https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Is+the+polkit+Grinch+Going+to+Steal+your+Christmas/19077
[7]:http://seclists.org/oss-sec/2014/q4/1078