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translating---geekpi
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Creating a YUM repository from ISO & Online repo
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======
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YUM tool is one of the most important tool for Centos/RHEL/Fedora. Though in latest builds of fedora, it has been replaced with DNF but that not at all means that it has ran its course. It is still used widely for installing rpm packages, we have already discussed YUM with examples in our earlier tutorial ([ **READ HERE**][1]).
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In this tutorial, we are going to learn to create a Local YUM repository, first by using ISO image of OS & then by creating a mirror image of an online yum repository.
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### Creating YUM with DVD ISO
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We are using a Centos 7 dvd for this tutorial & same process should work on RHEL 7 as well.
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Firstly create a directory named YUM in root folder
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```
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$ mkdir /YUM-
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```
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then mount Centos 7 ISO ,
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```
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$ mount -t iso9660 -o loop /home/dan/Centos-7-x86_x64-DVD.iso /mnt/iso/
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```
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Next, copy the packages from mounted ISO to /YUM folder. Once all the packages have been copied to the system, we will install the required packages for creating YUM. Open /YUM & install the following RPM packages,
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```
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$ rpm -ivh deltarpm
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$ rpm -ivh python-deltarpm
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$ rpm -ivh createrepo
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```
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Once these packages have been installed, we will create a file named " **local.repo "** in **/etc/yum.repos.d** folder with all the yum information
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```
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$ vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
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```
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```
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LOCAL REPO]
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Name=Local YUM
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baseurl=file:///YUM
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gpgcheck=0
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enabled=1
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```
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Save & exit the file. Next we will create repo-data by running the following command
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```
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$ createrepo -v /YUM
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```
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It will take some time to create the repo data. Once the process finishes, run
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```
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$ yum clean all
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```
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to clean cache & then run
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```
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$ yum repolist
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```
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to check the list of all repositories. You should see repo "local.repo" in the list.
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### Creating mirror YUM repository with online repository
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Process involved in creating a yum is similar to creating a yum with an ISO image with one exception that we will fetch our rpm packages from an online repository instead of an ISO.
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Firstly, we need to find an online repository to get the latest packages . It is advised to find an online yum that is closest to your location , in order to optimize the download speeds. We will be using below mentioned , you can select one nearest to yours location from [CENTOS MIRROR LIST][2]
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After selecting a mirror, we will sync that mirror with our system using rsync but before you do that, make sure that you plenty of space on your server
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```
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$ rsync -avz rsync://mirror.fibergrid.in/centos/7.2/os/x86_64/Packages/s/ /YUM
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```
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Sync will take quite a while (maybe an hour) depending on your internet speed. After the syncing is completed, we will update our repo-data
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```
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$ createrepo - v /YUM
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```
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Our Yum is now ready to used . We can create a cron job for our repo to be updated automatically at a determined time daily or weekly as per you needs.
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To create a cron job for syncing the repository, run
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```
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$ crontab -e
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```
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& add the following line
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```
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30 12 * * * rsync -avz http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/ /YUM
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```
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This will enable the syncing of yum every night at 12:30 AM. Also remember to create repository configuration file in /etc/yum.repos.d , as we did above.
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That's it guys, you now have your own yum repository to use. Please share this article if you like it & leave your comments/queries in the comment box down below.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://linuxtechlab.com/creating-yum-repository-iso-online-repo/
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作者：[Shusain][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://linuxtechlab.com/author/shsuain/
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[1]:http://linuxtechlab.com/using-yum-command-examples/
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[2]:http://mirror.centos.org/centos/
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@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
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从 ISO 和在线仓库创建一个 YUM 仓库
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======
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YUM 是 Centos/RHEL/Fedora 中最重要的工具之一。尽管在 Fedora 的最新版本中，它已经被 DNF 所取代，但这并不意味着它已经成功了。它仍然被广泛用于安装 rpm 包，我们已经在前面的教程（[**在这里阅读**] [1]）中用示例讨论了 YUM。
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在本教程中，我们将学习创建一个本地 YUM 仓库，首先使用系统的 ISO 镜像，然后创建一个在线 yum 仓库的镜像。
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### 用 DVD ISO 创建 YUM
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我们在本教程中使用 Centos 7 dvd，同样的过程也应该可以用在 RHEL 7 上。
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首先在根文件夹中创建一个名为 YUM 的目录
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```
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$ mkdir /YUM-
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```
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然后挂载 Centos 7 ISO：
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```
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$ mount -t iso9660 -o loop /home/dan/Centos-7-x86_x64-DVD.iso /mnt/iso/
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```
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接下来，从挂载的 ISO 中复制软件包到 /YUM 中。当所有的软件包都被复制到系统中后，我们将安装创建 YUM 所需的软件包。打开 /YUM 并安装以下 RPM 包：
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```
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$ rpm -ivh deltarpm
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$ rpm -ivh python-deltarpm
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$ rpm -ivh createrepo
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```
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安装完成后，我们将在 **/etc/yum.repos.d** 中创建一个名 为 **“local.repo”** 的文件，其中包含所有的 yum 信息。
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```
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$ vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
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```
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```
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LOCAL REPO]
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Name=Local YUM
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baseurl=file:///YUM
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gpgcheck=0
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enabled=1
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```
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保存并退出文件。接下来，我们将通过运行以下命令来创建仓库数据。
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```
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$ createrepo -v /YUM
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```
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创建仓库数据需要一些时间。一切完成后，请运行
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```
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$ yum clean all
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```
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清理缓存，然后运行
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```
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$ yum repolist
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```
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检查所有仓库列表。你应该在列表中看到 “local.repo”。
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### 使用在线仓库创建镜像 YUM 仓库
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创建在线 yum 的过程与使用 ISO 镜像创建 yum 类似，只是我们将从在线仓库而不是 ISO 中获取 rpm 软件包。
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首先，我们需要找到一个在线仓库来获取最新的软件包。建议你找一个离你位置最近的在线 yum 仓库，以优化下载速度。我们将使用下面的镜像，你可以从[ CENTOS 镜像列表][2]中选择一个离你最近的镜像。
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选择镜像之后，我们将使用 rsync 将该镜像与我们的系统同步，但在此之前，请确保你服务器上有足够的空间。
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```
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$ rsync -avz rsync://mirror.fibergrid.in/centos/7.2/os/x86_64/Packages/s/ /YUM
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```
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同步将需要相当长一段时间（也许一个小时），这取决于你互联网的速度。同步完成后，我们将更新我们的仓库数据。
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```
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$ createrepo - v /YUM
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```
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我们的 Yum 已经可以使用了。我们可以创建一个 cron 任务来根据你的需求每天或每周定时地自动更新仓库数据。
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要创建一个用于同步仓库的 cron 任务，请运行：
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```
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$ crontab -e
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```
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并添加以下行
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```
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30 12 * * * rsync -avz http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/ /YUM
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```
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这会在每晚 12:30 同步 yum。还请记住在 /etc/yum.repos.d 中创建仓库配置文件，就像我们上面所做的一样。
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就是这样，你现在有你自己的 yum 仓库来使用。如果你喜欢它，请分享这篇文章，并在下面的评论栏留下你的意见/疑问。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://linuxtechlab.com/creating-yum-repository-iso-online-repo/
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作者：[Shusain][a]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://linuxtechlab.com/author/shsuain/
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[1]:http://linuxtechlab.com/using-yum-command-examples/
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[2]:http://mirror.centos.org/centos/
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