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PRF:20190326 Using Square Brackets in Bash- Part 1.md
@HankChow
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (HankChow)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Using Square Brackets in Bash: Part 1)
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[#]: via: (https://www.linux.com/blog/2019/3/using-square-brackets-bash-part-1)
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[#]: author: (Paul Brown https://www.linux.com/users/bro66)
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在 Bash 中使用方括号 [第 1 节]
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在 Bash 中使用[方括号] (一)
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======
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![square brackets][1]
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> 这篇文章将要介绍方括号及其在命令行中的用法。
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> 这篇文章将要介绍方括号及其在命令行中的不同用法。
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看完[花括号在命令行中的用法][3]之后,现在我们继续来看方括号(`[]`)在上下文中是如何发挥作用的。
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### <ruby>通配<rt>Globbing</rt></ruby>
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### 通配
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方括号最简单的用法就是通配。你可能在知道“通配”这个概念之前就已经通过通配来匹配内容了,列出具有相同特征的多个文件就是一个很常见的场景,例如列出所有 JPEG 文件:
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方括号最简单的用法就是通配。你可能在知道“<ruby><rt>Globbing</rt></ruby>”这个概念之前就已经通过通配来匹配内容了,列出具有相同特征的多个文件就是一个很常见的场景,例如列出所有 JPEG 文件:
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```
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ls *.jpg
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@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ ls file0[259][278]
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cp file0[12]? archive0[12]?
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```
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因为通配只能针对已有的文件,而 archive 开头的文件并不存在,不能进行通配。
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因为通配只能针对已有的文件,而 `archive` 开头的文件并不存在,不能进行通配。
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而这条命令
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@ -82,7 +82,6 @@ cp file0[12]? archive0[1..2][0..9]
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```
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mkdir archive
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cp file0[12]? archive
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```
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@ -94,7 +93,6 @@ cp file0[12]? archive
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```
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myvar="Hello World"
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echo Goodbye Cruel ${myvar#Hello}
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```
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@ -104,11 +102,8 @@ echo Goodbye Cruel ${myvar#Hello}
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```
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for i in file0[12]?;\
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do\
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cp $i archive${i#file};\
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done
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```
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@ -120,7 +115,7 @@ done
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"archive" + "file019" - "file" = "archive019"
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```
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最终整个 `cp` 命令是这样的:
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最终整个 `cp` 命令展开为:
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```
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cp file019 archive019
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@ -137,7 +132,7 @@ via: https://www.linux.com/blog/2019/3/using-square-brackets-bash-part-1
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作者:[Paul Brown][a]
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选题:[lujun9972][b]
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译者:[HankChow](https://github.com/HankChow)
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校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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@ -145,5 +140,5 @@ via: https://www.linux.com/blog/2019/3/using-square-brackets-bash-part-1
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://www.linux.com/sites/lcom/files/styles/rendered_file/public/square-gabriele-diwald-475007-unsplash.jpg?itok=cKmysLfd "square brackets"
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[2]: https://www.linux.com/LICENSES/CATEGORY/CREATIVE-COMMONS-ZERO
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[3]: https://www.linux.com/blog/learn/2019/2/all-about-curly-braces-bash
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[3]: https://linux.cn/article-10624-1.html
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