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[#]: subject: (Encrypt your files with this open source software)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/21/4/open-source-encryption)
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[#]: author: (Seth Kenlon https://opensource.com/users/seth)
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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Encrypt your files with this open source software
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======
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VeraCrypt offers open source file-encryption with cross-platform
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capabilities.
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![Lock][1]
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Many years ago, there was encryption software called [TrueCrypt][2]. Its source code was available, although there were no major claims that anyone had ever audited or contributed to it. Its author was (and remains to this day) anonymous. Still, it was cross-platform, easy to use, and really, really useful.
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TrueCrypt allowed you to create an encrypted file "vault," where you could store sensitive information of any kind (text, audio, video, images, PDFs, and so on). Provided you had the correct passphrase, TrueCrypt could decrypt the vault and provide read and write access on any computer running TrueCrypt. It was a useful technique that essentially provided a virtual, portable, fully encrypted drive (except it was a file) where you could safely store your data.
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TrueCrypt eventually closed down, but a replacement project called VeraCrypt quickly sprang up to fill the void. [VeraCrypt][3] is based on TrueCrypt 7.1a and features many improvements over the original (including significant algorithm changes for standard encrypted volumes and boot volumes). With VeraCrypt 1.12 and later versions, you can use custom iterations for increased encryption security. Better yet, VeraCrypt can load old TrueCrypt volumes, so if you were a TrueCrypt user, it's easy to transfer them over to VeraCrypt.
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### Install VeraCrypt
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You can install VeraCrypt on all major platforms by downloading the appropriate installer file from the [VeraCrypt download page][4].
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Alternately, you can build it yourself from source code. On Linux, it requires wxGTK3, makeself, and the usual development stack (Binutils, GCC, and so on).
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Once you have it installed, launch VeraCrypt from your application menu.
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### Create a VeraCrypt volume
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If you're new to VeraCrypt, you must create a VeraCrypt volume first (otherwise, you have nothing to decrypt). In the VeraCrypt window, click the **Create Volume** button on the left.
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![Creating a volume with VeraCrypt][5]
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(Seth Kenlon, [CC BY-SA 4.0][6])
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In VeraCrypt's **Volume Creator Wizard** window that appears, choose whether you want to create an encrypted file container or to encrypt an entire drive. The wizard steps you through creating a vault for your data, so follow along as prompted.
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For this article, I created a file container. A VeraCrypt container is a lot like any other file: it exists on a hard drive, external drive, in cloud storage, or anywhere else you can think to store data. Like other files, it can be moved, copied, and deleted. Unlike most other files, it can _contain_ more files, which is why I think of it as a "vault," and VeraCrypt developers refer to it as a "container." Its developers call a VeraCrypt file a "container" because it can contain other data objects; it has nothing to do with the container technology made popular by LXC, Kubernetes, and other modern IT mechanisms.
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#### Choose a filesystem
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During the volume-creation process, you're asked to select a filesystem to decide how the files you place inside your vault are stored. The Microsoft FAT format is archaic, non-journaled, and limits both volume and file sizes, but it's the one format all platforms can read from and write to. If you intend your VeraCrypt vault to cross platforms, FAT is your best bet.
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Aside from that, NTFS works for Windows and Linux. The open source EXT series works for Linux.
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### Mount a VeraCrypt volume
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Once you've created a VeraCrypt volume, you can mount it from within the VeraCrypt window. To mount an encrypted vault, click the **Select File** button on the right. Select your encrypted file, choose one of the numbered slots in the upper half of the VeraCrypt window, and then click the **Mount** button located in the lower-left corner of the VeraCrypt window.
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Your mounted volume is available in the list of available volumes in the VeraCrypt window, and you can access that volume through your file manager as if it were an external drive. For instance, on KDE, I open [Dolphin][7], navigate to `/media/veracrypt1`, and then I can copy files into my vault.
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As long as you have VeraCrypt on a device, you can always access your vault. It's encrypted until you manually mount it in VeraCrypt, where it remains decrypted until you close the volume again.
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### Close a VeraCrypt volume
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To keep your data safe, it's important to close a VeraCrypt volume when you don't need it open. That keeps it safe from prying eyes and crimes of opportunity.
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![Mounting a VeraCrypt volume][8]
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(Seth Kenlon, [CC BY-SA 4.0][6])
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Closing up the VeraCrypt container is about as easy as it is to open one: Select the listed volume in the VeraCrypt window, and click **Dismount**. You no longer have access to the files inside your vault, and neither does anyone else.
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### VeraCrypt for easy cross-platform encryption
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There are many ways to keep your data secure, and VeraCrypt tries to make it easy for you, regardless of what platform you need to use that data on. If you want to experience easy, open source file encryption, try VeraCrypt.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/21/4/open-source-encryption
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作者：[Seth Kenlon][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/security-lock-password.jpg?itok=KJMdkKum (Lock)
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[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrueCrypt
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[3]: https://www.veracrypt.fr/en/Home.html
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[4]: https://www.veracrypt.fr/en/Downloads.html
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[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/veracrypt-create.jpg (Creating a volume with VeraCrypt)
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[6]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
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[7]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolphin_%28file_manager%29
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[8]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/veracrypt-volume.jpg (Mounting a VeraCrypt volume)
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@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
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[#]: subject: (Encrypt your files with this open source software)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/21/4/open-source-encryption)
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[#]: author: (Seth Kenlon https://opensource.com/users/seth)
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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用这个开源软件加密你的文件
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======
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VeraCrypt 提供跨平台的开源文件加密功能。
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![Lock][1]
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许多年前，有一个名为 [TrueCrypt][2] 的加密软件。它的源码是可以得到的，尽管没有任何人声称曾对它进行过审计或贡献过。它的作者是（至今仍是）匿名的。不过，它是跨平台的，易于使用，而且真的非常有用。
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TrueCrypt 允许你创建一个加密的文件“保险库”，在那里你可以存储任何类型的敏感信息（文本、音频、视频、图像、PDF 等）。只要你有正确的口令，TrueCrypt 就可以解密保险库，并在任何运行 TrueCrypt 的电脑上提供读写权限。这是一项有用的技术，它基本上提供了一个虚拟的、可移动的、完全加密的驱动器（除了文件以外），你可以在其中安全地存储你的数据。
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TrueCrypt 最终关闭了，但一个名为 VeraCrypt 的替代项目迅速兴起，填补了这一空白。[VeraCrypt][3] 基于 TrueCrypt 7.1a，比原来的版本有许多改进（包括标准加密卷和引导卷的算法的重大变化）。在 VeraCrypt 1.12 及以后的版本中，你可以使用自定义迭代来提高加密安全性。更好的是，VeraCrypt 可以加载旧的 TrueCrypt 卷，所以如果你是 TrueCrypt 用户，可以很容易地将它们转移到 VeraCrypt 上。
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### 安装 VeraCrypt
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你可以从 [VeraCrypt 下载页面][4]下载相应的安装文件，之后在所有主流平台上安装 VeraCrypt。
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另外，你也可以自己从源码构建它。在 Linux 上，它需要 wxGTK3、makeself 和通常的开发栈（Binutils、GCC 等）。
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当你安装后，从你的应用菜单中启动 VeraCrypt。
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### 创建一个 VeraCrypt 卷
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如果你刚接触 VeraCrypt，你必须先创建一个 VeraCrypt 加密卷（否则，你没有任何东西可以解密）。在 VeraCrypt 窗口中，点击左侧的 **Create Volume** 按钮。
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![Creating a volume with VeraCrypt][5]
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（Seth Kenlon, [CC BY-SA 4.0][6]）
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在出现的 VeraCrypt 的**卷创建向导**窗口中，选择要创建一个加密文件容器还是要加密整个驱动器。向导将为你的数据创建一个保险库，所以请按照提示进行操作。
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在本文中，我创建了一个文件容器。VeraCrypt 容器和其他文件很像：它保存在硬盘、外置硬盘、云存储或其他任何你能想到的存储数据的地方。与其他文件一样，它可以被移动、复制和删除。与大多数其他文件不同的是，它可以_容纳_更多的文件，这就是为什么我认为它是一个“保险库”，而 VeraCrypt 开发者将其称为“容器”。它的开发者将 VeraCrypt 文件称为“容器”，因为它可以包含其他数据对象；它与 LXC、Kubernetes 和其他现代 IT 机制所流行的容器技术无关。
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#### 选择一个文件系统
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在创建卷的过程中，你会被要求选择一个文件系统来决定你放在保险库中的文件的存储方式。微软 FAT 格式是过时的、非日志型，并且限制了卷和文件的大小，但它是所有平台都能读写的一种格式。如果你打算让你的 VeraCrypt 保险库跨平台，FAT 是你最好的选择。
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除此之外，NTFS 适用于 Windows 和 Linux。开源的 EXT 系列适用于 Linux。
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### 挂载 VeraCrypt 加密卷
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当你创建了 VeraCrypt 卷，你就可以在 VeraCrypt 窗口中加载它。要挂载一个加密库，点击右侧的 **Select File** 按钮。选择你的加密文件，选择 VeraCrypt 窗口上半部分的一个编号栏，然后点击位于 VeraCrypt 窗口左下角的 **Mount** 按钮。
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你挂载的卷在 VeraCrypt 窗口的可用卷列表中，你可以通过文件管理器访问该卷，就像访问一个外部驱动器一样。例如，在 KDE 上，我打开 [Dolphin][7]，进入 `/media/veracrypt1`，然后我就可以把文件复制到我的保险库里。
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只要你的设备上有 VeraCrypt，你就可以随时访问你的保险库。在你手动在 VeraCrypt 中挂载之前，文件都是加密的，在那里，文件会保持解密，直到你再次关闭卷。
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### 关闭 VeraCrypt 卷
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为了保证你的数据安全，当你不需要打开 VeraCrypt 卷时，关闭它是很重要的。这样可以保证数据的安全，不被人窥视，且不被人趁机犯罪。
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![Mounting a VeraCrypt volume][8]
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（Seth Kenlon, [CC BY-SA 4.0][6]）
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关闭 VeraCrypt 容器和打开容器一样简单。在 VeraCrypt 窗口中选择列出的卷，然后点击 **Dismount**。你就不再能访问保险库中的文件，其他人也不会再有访问权。
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### VeraCrypt 轻松实现跨平台加密
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有很多方法可以保证你的数据安全，VeraCrypt 试图为你提供方便，而无论你需要在什么平台上使用这些数据。如果你想体验简单、开源的文件加密，请尝试 VeraCrypt。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/21/4/open-source-encryption
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作者：[Seth Kenlon][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/security-lock-password.jpg?itok=KJMdkKum (Lock)
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[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrueCrypt
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[3]: https://www.veracrypt.fr/en/Home.html
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[4]: https://www.veracrypt.fr/en/Downloads.html
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[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/veracrypt-create.jpg (Creating a volume with VeraCrypt)
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[6]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
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[7]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolphin_%28file_manager%29
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[8]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/veracrypt-volume.jpg (Mounting a VeraCrypt volume)
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