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ATRP:published/20231101 Open Source Definition for AI Models Need a Change.md
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[#]: subject: "Open Source Definition for AI Models Need a Change"
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[#]: via: "https://news.itsfoss.com/open-source-definition-ai/"
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[#]: author: "Sourav Rudra https://news.itsfoss.com/author/sourav/"
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[#]: collector: "lujun9972/lctt-scripts-1693450080"
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[#]: translator: "ChatGPT"
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[#]: reviewer: "wxy"
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[#]: publisher: "wxy"
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[#]: url: "https://linux.cn/article-16344-1.html"
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AI 模型的开源定义需要改变
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======
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![][0]
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> 你认为开源许可证应当进行演变吗？
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2023 年，我们以**人工智能（AI）崭露头角**开始了新的一年，同时也见证了众多公司全力以赴投身于 AI。
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比如说 **Mozilla**，它在 2023 年初制定了 [开源 AI 计划][1]，以开发各种 AI 驱动的解决方案。而 **HuggingChat** 也成为了第一个推出 ChatGPT [开源替代品][2] 的组织。
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即便是 Meta，他们也不例外。他们自家的 <ruby>大型语言模型<rt>Large Language Model</rt></ruby>（LLM）[Llama 2][3] 项目在这一年都颇受关注，几个月前他们甚至推出了一款新的 [ChatGPT 竞争对手][4]。
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然而，也有很多人开始 [提出质疑][5]，主张 **Meta 的 Llama 2 模型并不像人们期望的那样开放**，查看它的开源许可证似乎更是印证了这个观点。
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该许可证 **不允许拥有超过 7 亿日活跃用户的服务使用 Llama 2**，同样的，**它也不能被用于训练其他的语言模型**。
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这也就意味着 Meta 对于 Llama 2 的许可证 **未能满足** <ruby>开源倡议组织<rt>Open Source Initiative</rt></ruby>（OSI）的 <ruby>[开源定义][6]<rt>Open Source Definition</rt></ruby>（OSD）所列出的 **全部要求**。
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人们可以争辩，像 [EleutherAI][7] 和 [Falcon 40B][8] 这样的机构就做出了很好的示范，展示了如何适当地处理 AI 的开源许可。
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然而，Meta 对此的看法却截然不同。
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### 开源许可需要进化
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在与 [The Verge][10] 的交谈中，Meta 人工智能研究副总裁 [Joëlle Pineau][11] 为他们的立场进行了辩解。
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她说，我们 **需要在信息共享的益处和可能对 Meta 商业造成的潜在成本之间寻找平衡**。
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这种对开源的态度让他们的研究人员能够更加专注地处理 AI 项目。她还补充说：
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> 开放的方式从内部改变了我们的科研方法，它促使我们不发布任何不安全的东西，并在一开始就负起责任。
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Joëlle 希望他们的生成型 AI 模型能够和他们过去的 [PyTorch][12] 项目一样受到热捧。
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但是，**问题在于现有的许可证机制**。她又补充说，这些许可证并不是设计来处理那些需要利用大量多源数据的软件。
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这反过来**为开发者和用户提供了有限责任**，以及，**对版权侵犯的有限赔偿**（解释为：保护）。
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此外，她还指出：
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> AI 模型与软件不同，涉及的风险更大，因此我认为我们应该对当前用户许可证进行改变，以更好地适应 AI 模型。
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>
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> 但我并不是一名律师，所以我在此问题上听从他们的意见。
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我赞同她的观点，我们需要更新现有的许可方案，使之更好地适应 AI 模型，以及其他相关事务。
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显而易见，**OSI 正在努力进行此事**。OSI 的执行董事 [Stefano Maffulli][13] 向 The Verge 透露，他们了解到 **当前的 OSI 批准的许可证无法满足人工智能模型的需求**。
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他们正在商讨如何与 AI 开发者合作，以提供一个 “**透明、无许可但安全**” 的模型访问。
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他还补充说：
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> 我们肯定需要重新思考许可证的方式，以解决 AI 模型中版权和授权的真正限制，同时仍遵循开源社区的一些原则。
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无论未来如何，显然，**开源标准必须推动其演化，以适应新的以及即将出现的技术** ，而此类问题不仅仅局限于 AI。
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对于未来几年开源许可的变革，我充满期待。
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💬 对于你来说呢？你认为对于陈旧的开源标准，我们需要进行什么样的改变？
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*（题图：MJ/e8bae5f6-606b-47db-aaea-c992c0bd143e）*
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://news.itsfoss.com/open-source-definition-ai/
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作者：[Sourav Rudra][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[ChatGPT](https://linux.cn/lctt/ChatGPT)
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校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://news.itsfoss.com/author/sourav/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://news.itsfoss.com/mozilla-open-source-ai/
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[2]: https://news.itsfoss.com/huggingchat-chatgpt/
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[3]: https://ai.meta.com/llama/
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[4]: https://news.itsfoss.com/meta-open-source-chatgpt/
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[5]: https://www.wired.com/story/the-myth-of-open-source-ai/
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[6]: https://opensource.org/osd/
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[7]: https://www.eleuther.ai/
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[8]: https://www.tii.ae/news/uaes-technology-innovation-institute-launches-open-source-falcon-40b-large-language-model
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[9]: https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/Follow-us-on-Google-News.png
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[10]: https://www.theverge.com/2023/10/30/23935587/meta-generative-ai-models-open-source
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[11]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo%C3%ABlle_Pineau
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[12]: https://pytorch.org/
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[13]: https://twitter.com/smaffulli
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[0]: https://img.linux.net.cn/data/attachment/album/202311/02/215953yyz45l5l3v4fzqyv.jpg
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[#]: subject: "Open Source Definition for AI Models Need a Change"
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[#]: via: "https://news.itsfoss.com/open-source-definition-ai/"
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[#]: author: "Sourav Rudra https://news.itsfoss.com/author/sourav/"
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[#]: collector: "lujun9972/lctt-scripts-1693450080"
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[#]: translator: " "
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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Open Source Definition for AI Models Need a Change
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======
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Do you think that the open-source licenses should evolve?
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We started the year 2023 with **Artificial Intelligence (AI) being one of the biggest catches** , we also saw many companies going all in into this.
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Take for instance **Mozilla** , who entered 2023 with [plans to work on open-source AI][1] to develop various types of AI-powered solutions, or even **HuggingChat** , the [first open source alternative to ChatGPT][2].
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Even Meta is no stranger to that, they have their [**Llama 2**][3] large language model (LLM) that has been making waves all year round, they even announced a **[**ChatGPT contender**][4]** a few months back.
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However, many have [raised questions][5] that **Meta's Llama 2 is not as open as one would expect** , and that does seem the case when one looks at its open-source license.
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The license **doesn't allow using Llama 2 for services that have over 700 million daily users** , and it also **cannot be used to train other language models**.
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This also means that Meta's license for **Llama 2 doesn't meet all the requirements of the Open Source Initiative's (OSI)[Open Source Definition][6]**.
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One can argue that open-source licenses implemented by the likes of [EleutherAI][7] and [Falcon 40B][8] are a good example of how open source licensing should be handled for AI.
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But, Meta has a different take on it.
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### Open Source Licensing Needs to Evolve
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In conversation with [The Verge][10], the VP for AI research over at Meta, [**Joëlle Pineau**][11] defended their stand.
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She says that there is **a need to balance between the benefits of information sharing** and the **potential costs that could be incurred to Meta's business**.
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This approach to open source has allowed their researchers to take a more focused approach in handling their AI projects. She also adds:
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> Being open has internally changed how we approach research, and it drives us not to release anything that isn’t very safe and be responsible at the onset.
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Joëlle also hopes that they can have the same level of enthusiasm with their generative AI models that they have seen in the past with their [**PyTorch**][12] initiative,
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But, the **problem lies with current licensing schemes**. She adds that, these licenses were not meant to work with software that leverage large amounts of data from a multitude of sources.
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This in turn gives **limited liability to both the users and the developers** , with **limited indemnity to copyright infringement** (read as: protection against).
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Furthermore, she added that:
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> AI models are different from software because there are more risks involved, so I think we should evolve the current user licenses we have to fit AI models better.
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> But I’m not a lawyer, so I defer to them on this point.
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I do agree with her on that, there is a need to update current licenses to better fit AI models, among other things.
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And it appears that **the OSI are already on the job**. [**Stefano Maffulli**][13], the executive director of OSI, has told The Verge that they understand that the **current OSI-approved licenses are not up to the job for AI models**.
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They are in the process of reviewing how to work with AI developers to provide a “ **transparent, permissionless, yet safe** ” access to models.
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He also added that:
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> We definitely have to rethink licenses in a way that addresses the real limitations of copyright and permissions in AI models while keeping many of the tenets of the open source community.
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Regardless of what happens, it is clear that **open-source standards will have to evolve to accommodate new and emerging tech** , while not being just limited to AI.
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I am looking forward to how the open-source licensing changes in the coming years.
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_💬 What about you? Do you think that older open-source standards need to be updated?_
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* * *
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://news.itsfoss.com/open-source-definition-ai/
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作者：[Sourav Rudra][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://news.itsfoss.com/author/sourav/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://news.itsfoss.com/mozilla-open-source-ai/
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[2]: https://news.itsfoss.com/huggingchat-chatgpt/
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[3]: https://ai.meta.com/llama/
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[4]: https://news.itsfoss.com/meta-open-source-chatgpt/
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[5]: https://www.wired.com/story/the-myth-of-open-source-ai/
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[6]: https://opensource.org/osd/
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[7]: https://www.eleuther.ai/
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[8]: https://www.tii.ae/news/uaes-technology-innovation-institute-launches-open-source-falcon-40b-large-language-model
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[9]: https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/Follow-us-on-Google-News.png
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[10]: https://www.theverge.com/2023/10/30/23935587/meta-generative-ai-models-open-source
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[11]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo%C3%ABlle_Pineau
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[12]: https://pytorch.org/
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[13]: https://twitter.com/smaffulli
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