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fuowang 翻译完成 5 ways to change GRUB background in Kali Linux
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fuowang 翻译中
5 ways to change GRUB background in Kali Linux
============================================================
This is a simple guide on how to change GRUB background in Kali Linux (i.e. its actually Kali Linux GRUB splash image). Kali dev team did few things that seems almost too much work, so in this article I will explain one of two things about GRUB and somewhat make this post little unnecessarily long and boring cause I like to write! So here goes …
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![Change GRUB background in Kali Linux - blackMORE OPs -10](http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-10.jpg)
][10]
### Finding GRUB settings
This is usually the first issue everyone faces, where do I look? Theres a many ways to find GRUB settings. Users might have their own opinion but I always found that `update-grub` is the easiest way. If you run `update-grub` in a VMWare/VirtualBox, you will see something like this:
```
root@kali:~# update-grub
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found background image: /usr/share/images/desktop-base/desktop-grub.png
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.0.0-kali1-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.0.0-kali1-amd64
No volume groups found
done
root@kali:~#
```
If youre using a Dual Boot, Triple Boot then you will see GRUB goes in and finds other OSes as well. However, the part were interested is the background image part, in my case this is what I see (you will see exactly the same thing):
```
Found background image: /usr/share/images/desktop-base/desktop-grub.png
```
### GRUB splash image search order
In grub-2.02, it will search for the splash image in the following order for a Debian based system:
1. GRUB_BACKGROUND line in `/etc/default/grub`
2. First image found in `/boot/grub/` ( more images found, it will be taken alphanumerically )
3. The image specified in `/usr/share/desktop-base/grub_background.sh`
4. The file listed in the WALLPAPER line in `/etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme`
Now hang onto this info and we will soon revisit it.
### Kali Linux GRUB splash image
As I use Kali Linux (cause I like do stuff), we found that Kali is using a background  image from here: `/usr/share/images/desktop-base/desktop-grub.png`
Just to be sure, lets check that `.png` file and its properties.
```
root@kali:~#
root@kali:~# ls -l /usr/share/images/desktop-base/desktop-grub.png
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 30 Oct 8 00:31 /usr/share/images/desktop-base/desktop-grub.png -> /etc/alternatives/desktop-grub
root@kali:~#
```
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![Change GRUB background in Kali Linux - blackMORE OPs -1](http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-1.jpg)
][11]
What? Its just a symbolic link to `/etc/alternatives/desktop-grub` file? But `/etc/alternatives/desktop-grub` is not an image file. Looks like I need to check that file and its properties as well.
```
root@kali:~#
root@kali:~# ls -l /etc/alternatives/desktop-grub
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 44 Oct 8 00:27 /etc/alternatives/desktop-grub -> /usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png
root@kali:~#
```
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![Change GRUB background in Kali Linux - blackMORE OPs -3](http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-3.jpg)
][12]
Alright, thats confusing as! So `/etc/alternatives/desktop-grub` is another symbolic link which points back to
`/usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png`
which is in the same folder we started from. doh! Thats all I can say. But at least now we can just replace that file and get it over with.
Before we do that we need to check the properties of this file `/usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png` and ensure that we will download same type and dimension file.
```
root@kali:~#
root@kali:~# file /usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png
/usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png: PNG image data, 640 x 480, 8-bit/color RGB, non-interlaced
root@kali:~#
```
So this file is DEFINITELY a PNG image data, 640 x 480 dimension.
### GRUB background image properties
GRUB 2 can use `PNG`, `JPG`/`JPEG` and `TGA` images for the background. The image must meet the following specifications:
* `JPG`/`JPEG` images must be `8-bit` (`256 color`)
* Images should be non-indexed, `RGB`
By default, if `desktop-base` package is installed, images conforming to the above specification will be located in `/usr/share/images/desktop-base/` directory. A quick Google search found similar files. Out of those, I picked one.
```
root@kali:~#
root@kali:~# file Downloads/wallpaper-1.png
Downloads/wallpaper-1.png: PNG image data, 640 x 480, 8-bit/color RGB, non-interlaced
root@kali:~#
```
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![Change GRUB background in Kali Linux - blackMORE OPs -6](http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-6.jpg)
][13]
### Option 1: replace the image
Now we simply need to replace this `/usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png` file with our new file. Note that this is the easiest way without mucking around `grub-config` files. If you are familiar with GRUB, then go ahead and simpy modify GRUB default config and run `update-grub`.
As usual, I will make a backup of the original file by renaming it to `kali-grub.png.bkp`
```
root@kali:~#
root@kali:~# mv /usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png /usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png.bkp
root@kali:~#
```
[
![Change GRUB background in Kali Linux - blackMORE OPs -4](http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-4.jpg)
][14]
Now lets copy our downloaded file and rename that to `kali-grub.png.bkp`.
```
root@kali:~#
root@kali:~# cp Downloads/wallpaper-1.png /usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png
root@kali:~#
```
[
![Change GRUB background in Kali Linux - blackMORE OPs -5](http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-5.jpg)
][15]
And finally run `update-grub`
```
root@kali:~# update-grub
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found background image: /usr/share/images/desktop-base/desktop-grub.png
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.0.0-kali1-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.0.0-kali1-amd64
No volume groups found
done
root@kali:~#
```
[
![Change GRUB background in Kali Linux - blackMORE OPs -7](http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-7.jpg)
][16]
Next time you restart your Kali Linux, you will see your own image as the GRUB background. (GRUB splash image).
Following is what my new GRUB splash image looks like in Kali Linux now. What about you? Tried this method yet?
[
![Change GRUB background in Kali Linux - blackMORE OPs -9](http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-9.jpg)
][17]
This was the easiest and safest way, if you muck it up the worst, you will see a Blue background in GRUB but will still be able to login and fix things later. Now if youre confident, lets move to better ways (bit complex) of changing GRUB settings. Next steps are more fun and works with any Linux using GRUB bootloader.
Now remember those 4 places GRUB looks for a background splash image? Here are those again:
1. GRUB_BACKGROUND line in `/etc/default/grub`
2. First image found in `/boot/grub/` ( more images found, it will be taken alphanumerically )
3. The image specified in `/usr/share/desktop-base/grub_background.sh`
4. The file listed in the `WALLPAPER` line in `/etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme`
So lets again try few of these options in Kali Linux (or any Linux using GRUB2).
### Option 2: Define an image path in GRUB_BACKGROUND
So you can use any of the above in the order of priority to make GRUB display your own images. The following is the content of `/etc/default/grub` file on my system.
```
root@kali:~# vi /etc/default/grub
```
Add a line similar to this: GRUB_BACKGROUND=”/root/World-Map.jpg” where World-Map.jpg is the image file you want to use as GRUB background.
```
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
#   info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'
GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_TIMEOUT=15
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="initrd=/install/gtk/initrd.gz"
GRUB_BACKGROUND="/root/World-Map.jpg"
```
Once changes has been done using any of the above methods, make sure you execute `update-grub` command as shown below.
```
root@kali:~# update-grub
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found background: /root/World-Map.jpg
Found background image: /root/World-Map.jpg
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.0.0-kali1-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.0.0-kali1-amd64
  No volume groups found
done
root@kali:~#
```
Now, when you boot your machine, you will see the customized image in GRUB.
### Option 3: Put an image on /boot/grub/ folder
If nothing is specified in `GRUB_BACKGROUND` in `/etc/default/grub` file, GRUB ideally should pick first image found in `/boot/grub/` folder and use that a its background. If GRUB finds more than one image in /boot/grub/ folder, it will use the first alphanumerically image name.
### Option 4: Specify an image path in grub_background.sh
If nothing is specified in `GRUB_BACKGROUND` in `/etc/default/grub` file or there is no image in `/boot/grub/` folder, GRUB will start looking into `/usr/share/desktop-base/grub_background.sh` file and search for the image path specified. For Kali Linux, it was defined in here. Every Linux distro has its own take on it.
### Option 5: Define an image in WALLPAPER line in /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme file
This would be that last part GRUB looking for a Background image. It will search here if everything else failed.
### Conclusion
This post was long, but I wanted to cover a few important basic things. If youve followed it carefully, you will understand how to follow symbolic links back and forth in Kali Linux. You will get a VERY good idea on exactly which places you need to search to find GRUB Background image in any Linux. Just read a bit more to understand how the colors in GRUB works and youre all set.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.blackmoreops.com/2015/11/27/change-grub-background-in-kali-linux/
作者:[https://www.blackmoreops.com/][a]
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[a]:https://www.blackmoreops.com/2015/11/27/change-grub-background-in-kali-linux/
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[4]:https://www.blackmoreops.com/how-to/
[5]:https://www.blackmoreops.com/kali-linux/
[6]:https://www.blackmoreops.com/kali-linux-2-x-sana/
[7]:https://www.blackmoreops.com/administration/
[8]:https://www.blackmoreops.com/usability/
[9]:https://www.blackmoreops.com/2015/11/27/change-grub-background-in-kali-linux/#comments
[10]:http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-10.jpg
[11]:http://www.blackmoreops.com/2015/11/27/change-grub-background-in-kali-linux/change-grub-background-in-kali-linux-blackmore-ops-1/
[12]:http://www.blackmoreops.com/2015/11/27/change-grub-background-in-kali-linux/change-grub-background-in-kali-linux-blackmore-ops-3/
[13]:http://www.blackmoreops.com/2015/11/27/change-grub-background-in-kali-linux/change-grub-background-in-kali-linux-blackmore-ops-6/
[14]:http://www.blackmoreops.com/2015/11/27/change-grub-background-in-kali-linux/change-grub-background-in-kali-linux-blackmore-ops-4/
[15]:http://www.blackmoreops.com/2015/11/27/change-grub-background-in-kali-linux/change-grub-background-in-kali-linux-blackmore-ops-5/
[16]:http://www.blackmoreops.com/2015/11/27/change-grub-background-in-kali-linux/change-grub-background-in-kali-linux-blackmore-ops-7/
[17]:http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-9.jpg

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在 Kali Linux 中更改 GRUB 背景的 5 种方式
============================================================
这是一个关于如何在Kali Linux中更改GRUB背景的简单指南实际上它是 Kali Linux 的
GRUB 启动图像)。 Kali 开发团队在这方面做的不多他们好像太忙了所以在这篇文章中我会解释一下关于GRUB两方面中的其中一个我愿意写是因为这篇文章不会冗长而无聊 那么我们开始吧……
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![Change GRUB background in Kali Linux - blackMORE OPs -10](http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-10.jpg)
][10]
### 查找GRUB设置
这通常是所有人首先会遇到的一个问题在哪里设置有很多方法来查找GRUB设置。每个人都可能有自己的方法但我发现 `update-grub` 是最简单的。如果在 VMWare 或 VirtualBox 中执行 `update-grub`,你将看到如下所示的内容:
```
root@kali:~# update-grub
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found background image: /usr/share/images/desktop-base/desktop-grub.png
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.0.0-kali1-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.0.0-kali1-amd64
No volume groups found
done
root@kali:~#
```
如果您是双系统,或者三系统,那么您将看到 GRUB 进入查找其他操作系统。然而,我们感兴趣的部分是背景图像,这是在我这里看到的(你会看到完全相同的内容):
```
Found background image: /usr/share/images/desktop-base/desktop-grub.png
```
### GRUB 启动图像搜索顺序
在 grub-2.02 中,它将按照以下顺序搜索基于 Debian 的系统的启动背景:
1. `/etc/default/grub` 里的 GRUB_BACKGROUND 行 
2. 在 `/boot/grub/` 里找到的第一个图像(如果发现多张,将以字母顺序排序)
3. 在`/usr/share/desktop-base/grub_background.sh` 中指定的
4. 在`/etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme` 里 WALLPAPER 行列出的
现在将此信息挂在这里,我们会尽快重新检查它。
### Kali Linux GRUB 启动图像
在我使用 Kali Linux 时(因为我喜欢用它做事),我们发现 Kali 正在使用这里的背景图像:`/usr/share/images/desktop-base/desktop-grub.png`
为了确定,我们来检查一下这个 `.png` 文件的属性。
```
root@kali:~#
root@kali:~# ls -l /usr/share/images/desktop-base/desktop-grub.png
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 30 Oct 8 00:31 /usr/share/images/desktop-base/desktop-grub.png -> /etc/alternatives/desktop-grub
root@kali:~#
```
[
![Change GRUB background in Kali Linux - blackMORE OPs -1](http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-1.jpg)
][11]
什么?它只是 `/etc/alternatives/desktop-grub` 的一个符号链接? 但是 `/etc/alternatives/desktop-grub` 不是图片文件。看来我也要检查一下它的属性。
```
root@kali:~#
root@kali:~# ls -l /etc/alternatives/desktop-grub
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 44 Oct 8 00:27 /etc/alternatives/desktop-grub -> /usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png
root@kali:~#
```
[
![Change GRUB background in Kali Linux - blackMORE OPs -3](http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-3.jpg)
][12]
好吧,真让人费解。 `/etc/alternatives/desktop-grub` 也是一个符号链接,它指向 `/usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png`,来自最初同样的文件夹。呃! 这就是我能说的。 但是现在我们至少可以替换该文件并将其解决。
在替换之前,我们需要检查 `/usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png` 的属性,以确保下载相同类型和大小的文件。
```
root@kali:~#
root@kali:~# file /usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png
/usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png: PNG image data, 640 x 480, 8-bit/color RGB, non-interlaced
root@kali:~#
```
可以确定这是一个 PNG 图像文件,像素尺寸为 640 x 480。
### GRUB 背景图像属性
可以使用 `PNG`, `JPG`/`JPEG` 以及 `TGA` 类型的图像文件作为 GRUB 2 的背景。必须符合以下规范:
* `JPG`/`JPEG` 图像必须是 `8-bit` (`256 color`)
* 图像应该是非索引的,`RGB`
默认情况下,如果安装了 `desktop-base` 软件包,符合上述规范的图像将位于 `/usr/share/images/desktop-base/` 目录中。在谷歌上很容易找到类似的文件。我也找了一个。
```
root@kali:~#
root@kali:~# file Downloads/wallpaper-1.png
Downloads/wallpaper-1.png: PNG image data, 640 x 480, 8-bit/color RGB, non-interlaced
root@kali:~#
```
[
![Change GRUB background in Kali Linux - blackMORE OPs -6](http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-6.jpg)
][13]
### 选项1替换图像
现在我们只需简单的用新文件将 `/usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png` 替换掉。值得注意这是最简单的方法,不需要修改 `grub-config` 文件。 如果你对 GRUB 很熟,建议你简单的修改 GRUB 的默认配置文件,然后执行 `update-grub`
像往常一样,我会将原文件重命名为 `kali-grub.png.bkp` 进行备份。
```
root@kali:~#
root@kali:~# mv /usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png /usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png.bkp
root@kali:~#
```
[
![Change GRUB background in Kali Linux - blackMORE OPs -4](http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-4.jpg)
][14]
现在我们将下载的文件重命名为 `kali-grub.png`
```
root@kali:~#
root@kali:~# cp Downloads/wallpaper-1.png /usr/share/images/desktop-base/kali-grub.png
root@kali:~#
```
[
![Change GRUB background in Kali Linux - blackMORE OPs -5](http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-5.jpg)
][15]
最后执行命令 `update-grub`
```
root@kali:~# update-grub
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found background image: /usr/share/images/desktop-base/desktop-grub.png
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.0.0-kali1-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.0.0-kali1-amd64
No volume groups found
done
root@kali:~#
```
[
![Change GRUB background in Kali Linux - blackMORE OPs -7](http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-7.jpg)
][16]
下次重新启动你的 Kali Linux 时,你会看到 GRUB 背景变成了你自己的图像GRUB 启动界面)。
下面是我现在正在使用的新 GRUB 启动背景。你呢?要不要试试这个办法?
[
![Change GRUB background in Kali Linux - blackMORE OPs -9](http://www.blackmoreops.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Change-GRUB-background-in-Kali-Linux-blackMORE-OPs-9.jpg)
][17]
这是最简单最安全的办法,最糟不过在 GRUB 看到一个蓝色的背景,但你依然可以登录后修复他们。现在如果你有信心,让我们尝试一个改变 GRUB 设置的更好的方法(有点复杂)。后续步骤更加有趣,而且可以在任何使用 GRUB 引导的 Linux 上使用。
现在回忆一下 GRUB 在哪 4 个地方寻找启动背景图像?再看一遍:
1. `/etc/default/grub` 里的 GRUB_BACKGROUND 行 
2. 在 `/boot/grub/` 里找到的第一个图像(如果发现多张,将以字母顺序排序)
3. 在`/usr/share/desktop-base/grub_background.sh` 中指定的
4. 在`/etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme` 里 WALLPAPER 行列出的
那么我们再在 Kali Linux 上(或任意使用 GRUB2 的 Linux系统试一下新的选择。
### 选项2 GRUB_BACKGROUND 中定义图像路径
所以你可以根据优先级使用上述任一项,将 GRUB 背景图像改为自己的。以下是我自己系统上  `/etc/default/grub` 的内容。
```
root@kali:~# vi /etc/default/grub
```
按照 GRUB_BACKGROUND=”/root/World-Map.jpg” 的格式添加一行,其中 World-Map.jpg 是你要作为 GRUB 背景的图像文件。
```
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
#   info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'
GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_TIMEOUT=15
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="initrd=/install/gtk/initrd.gz"
GRUB_BACKGROUND="/root/World-Map.jpg"
```
一旦使用上述方式完成更改,务必执行 `update-grub` 命令,如下所示。
```
root@kali:~# update-grub
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found background: /root/World-Map.jpg
Found background image: /root/World-Map.jpg
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.0.0-kali1-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.0.0-kali1-amd64
  No volume groups found
done
root@kali:~#
```
现在重启机器,你会在 GRUB 看到自定义的图像。
### 选项3把图像文件放到 /boot/grub/ 文件夹
如果没有在 `/etc/default/grub` 文件中指定 `GRUB_BACKGROUND` 项,理论上 GRUB 应当使用在 `/boot/grub/` 文件夹找到的第一个图像文件作为背景。如果 GRUB 在 /boot/grub/ 找到多个图像文件,它会按字母排序并使用第一个图像文件。
### 选项4在 grub_background.sh 指定图像路径
如果没有在 `/etc/default/grub` 文件中指定 `GRUB_BACKGROUND` 项,而且 `/boot/grub/` 目录下没有图像文件GRUB 将会开始在 `/usr/share/desktop-base/grub_background.sh` 文件中指定的图像路径搜索。Kali Linux 是在这里指定的。每个 Linux 发行版都有自己的特色。
### 选项5在 /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme 文件的 WALLPAPER 一行指定图像
这是 GRUB 搜寻背景图像的最后一个位置。如果在其他部分都没有找到,它将会在这里查找。
### 结论
这篇文章较长,但我想介绍一些基础但很重要的东西。如果你有仔细阅读,你会理解如何在 Kali Linux 上来回跟踪符号链接。当你需要在一些 Linux 系统上查找 GRUB 背景图像的位置时,你会感到得心应手。只要再多阅读一点来理解 GRUB 颜色的工作方式,你就是行家了。
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via: https://www.blackmoreops.com/2015/11/27/change-grub-background-in-kali-linux/
作者:[https://www.blackmoreops.com/][a]
译者:[fuowang](https://github.com/fuowang)
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