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Merge remote-tracking branch 'LCTT/master'
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@ -1,40 +1,46 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
|
||||
[#]: publisher: (wxy)
|
||||
[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-10476-1.html)
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Get started with Joplin, a note-taking app)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/1/productivity-tool-joplin)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Kevin Sonney https://opensource.com/users/ksonney (Kevin Sonney))
|
||||
|
||||
开始使用一款笔记应用 Joplin
|
||||
开始使用 Joplin 吧，一款开源笔记应用
|
||||
======
|
||||
了解开源工具如何帮助你在 2019 年提高工作效率。先从 Joplin 开始。
|
||||
|
||||
> 了解开源工具如何帮助你在 2019 年提高工作效率。先从 Joplin 开始。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
每年年初似乎都有疯狂的冲动想提高工作效率。新年的决心，渴望开启新的一年，当然，“抛弃旧的，拥抱新的”的态度促成了这一切。通常这时的建议严重偏向闭源和专有软件。这不一定要这样。
|
||||
每年年初似乎都有疯狂的冲动想提高工作效率。新年的决心，渴望开启新的一年，当然，“抛弃旧的，拥抱新的”的态度促成了这一切。通常这时的建议严重偏向闭源和专有软件，但事实上并不用这样。
|
||||
|
||||
这是我挑选出的 19 个新的（或者对你而言新的）开源项目来帮助你在 2019 年更有效率。
|
||||
|
||||
### Joplin
|
||||
|
||||
在生产力工具领域，笔记应用非常方便。是的，你可以使用开源 [NixNote][1] 访问 [Evernote][2 ] 笔记，但它仍然与 Evernote 服务器相关联，并且仍然依赖于第三方的安全性。虽然你可以从 NixNote 导出 Evernote 笔记，但可选格式只有 NixNote XML 或 PDF。
|
||||
在生产力工具领域，笔记应用**非常**方便。是的，你可以使用开源 [NixNote][1] 访问 [Evernote][2] 笔记，但它仍然与 Evernote 服务器相关联，并且仍然依赖于第三方的安全性。虽然你**可以**从 NixNote 导出 Evernote 笔记，但可选格式只有 NixNote XML 或 PDF。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
看看 [Joplin][3]。Joplin 是一个 NodeJS 应用，它在本地运行和存储笔记，它允许你加密笔记并支持多种同步方法。Joplin 可在 Windows、Mac 和 Linux 上作为控制台或图形应用运行。Joplin 还有适用于 Android 和 iOS 的移动应用，这意味着你可以随身携带笔记而不会有任何麻烦。Joplin 甚至允许你使用 Markdown、HTML 或纯文本格式笔记。
|
||||
*Joplin 的图形界面*
|
||||
|
||||
看看 [Joplin][3]。Joplin 是一个 NodeJS 应用，它在本地运行和存储笔记，它允许你加密笔记并支持多种同步方法。Joplin 可在 Windows、Mac 和 Linux 上作为控制台应用或图形应用运行。Joplin 还有适用于 Android 和 iOS 的移动应用，这意味着你可以随身携带笔记而不会有任何麻烦。Joplin 甚至允许你使用 Markdown、HTML 或纯文本格式笔记。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
*Joplin 的 Android 应用*
|
||||
|
||||
关于 Joplin 很棒的一件事是它支持两种类型笔记：普通笔记和待办事项笔记。普通笔记是你所想的包含文本的文档。另一个，待办事项笔记在笔记列表中有一个复选框，允许你将其标记为“已完成”。由于待办事项仍然是一个笔记，因此你可以在待办事项中添加列表、文档和其他待办事项。
|
||||
|
||||
当使用 GUI 时，你可以在纯文本、WYSIWYG 和同时显示源文本和渲染视图的分屏之间切换编辑器视图。你还可以在 GUI 中指定外部编辑器，以便使用 Vim、Emacs 或任何其他能够处理文本文档的编辑器轻松更新笔记。
|
||||
当使用图形界面时，你可以在纯文本、WYSIWYG 和同时显示源文本和渲染视图的分屏之间切换编辑器视图。你还可以在图形界面中指定外部编辑器，以便使用 Vim、Emacs 或任何其他能够处理文本文档的编辑器轻松更新笔记。
|
||||
|
||||
![Joplin console version][5]
|
||||
|
||||
控制台中的 Joplin
|
||||
*控制台中的 Joplin*
|
||||
|
||||
控制台界面非常棒。虽然它缺少 WYSIWYG 编辑器，但默认登录使用文本编辑器。它还有强大的命令模式，它允许执行在 GUI 版本中几乎所有的操作。并且能够在视图中正确渲染 Markdown。
|
||||
控制台界面非常棒。虽然它缺少 WYSIWYG 编辑器，但默认登录使用文本编辑器。它还有强大的命令模式，它允许执行在图形版本中几乎所有的操作。并且能够在视图中正确渲染 Markdown。
|
||||
|
||||
你可以将笔记本中的笔记分组，还能为笔记打上标记，以便于在笔记本中进行分组。它甚至还有内置的搜索功能，因此如果你忘了笔记在哪，你可以通过它找到它们。
|
||||
|
||||
@ -47,7 +53,7 @@ via: https://opensource.com/article/19/1/productivity-tool-joplin
|
||||
作者：[Kevin Sonney][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
143
sources/tech/20150717 The History of Hello World.md
Normal file
143
sources/tech/20150717 The History of Hello World.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: ( )
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (The History of Hello World)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://www.thesoftwareguild.com/blog/the-history-of-hello-world/)
|
||||
[#]: author: (thussong https://www.thesoftwareguild.com/blog/author/thussong/)
|
||||
|
||||
The History of Hello World
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Veteran software developers know the [Hello World][2] program as the first step in learning to code. The program, which outputs some variant of “Hello, World!” on a device’s display, can be created in most languages, making it some of the most basic syntax involved in the coding process. In fact, a recent project at the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) at Louisiana Tech [found][3] that there are at least 204 versions of the program.
|
||||
|
||||
Traditionally, Hello World programs are used to illustrate how the process of coding works, as well as to ensure that a language or system is operating correctly. They are usually the first programs that new coders learn, because even those with little or no experience can execute Hello World both easily and correctly.
|
||||
|
||||
Above all, Hello World is simple. That’s why it is so often used as a barometer of program success. If Hello World does not work effectively within the framework, then it is likely that other, more complex programs will also fail. As one expert at [Win-Vector][4] puts it, Hello World is actually a confrontational program. “The author is saying ‘it isn’t obvious your computer system will work, so I am not going to invest a lot of time in it until I see it can at least print one line of text,’” Win-Vector blogger John Mount says.
|
||||
|
||||
But this two-word phrase has big implications for the field of computer science. With Hello World as a foundation, novice programmers can easily understand computer science principles or elements. And professionals with years of coding experience can use it to learn how a given programming language works, especially in terms of structure and syntax. With applications at all skill levels and in almost every language, there is a long history behind such a short program.
|
||||
|
||||
### Uses
|
||||
|
||||
The main use for Hello World programs was outlined above: It is a way for rookie coders to become acquainted with a new language. However, the applications of these programs go beyond an introduction to the coding world. Hello World can, for example, be used as a sanity test to make sure that the components of a language (its compiler, development and run-time environment) have been correctly installed. Because the process involved in configuring a complete programming toolchain is lengthy and complex, a simple program like Hello World is often used as a first-run test on a new toolchain.
|
||||
|
||||
Hackers also use Hello World “as proof of concept that arbitrary code can be executed through an exploit where the system designers did not intend code to be executed,” according to programming consultants at Cunningham & Cunningham (C2). In fact, it’s the first step in using homemade content, or “home brew” on a device. When [experienced coders][5] are configuring an environment or learning a previously unknown one, they verify that Hello World behaves correctly.
|
||||
|
||||
It is also used as part of the debugging process, allowing programmers to check that they are editing the right aspect of a modifiable program at runtime and that it is being reloaded.
|
||||
|
||||
One more popular use for Hello World is as a basis for comparison. Coders can “compare the size of the executable that the language generates, and how much supporting infrastructure must exist behind the program for it to execute,” according to C2’s wiki.
|
||||
|
||||
### Beginnings
|
||||
|
||||
Though the origins of Hello World remain somewhat unclear, its use as a test phrase is widely believed to have begun with Brian Kernigham’s 1972 book, A Tutorial Introduction to the Language B. In this text, the first known version of the program was used to illustrate external variables. Because the previous example in the tutorial printed “hi!” on the terminal, the more complex “hello, world!” required more character constants for expression and was the next step in the learning process.
|
||||
|
||||
From there, it was used in a Bell Laboratories memo in 1974, as well as The C Programming Language in 1978. This popular text is what made Hello World famous. The example from that book (the first, and most pure, example) printed “hello, world,” with no capital letters or exclamation point. At this time, Hello World was used almost solely to illustrate a few functions of a language— not to test whether the system was running.
|
||||
|
||||
Before Kernigham’s seminal texts on B and C, there was no standard first program. Even as late as 1972, it was not widely in use. The popular BASIC tutorial, “My Computer Likes Me, When I Speak in Basic,” starts with a simple program that writes a line of text. However, this message was “MY HUMAN UNDERSTANDS ME,” far from the two-word greeting programmers use today. But once Hello World was invented, it spread quickly, becoming well-known by the late 1970s. Its popularity continues to this day.
|
||||
|
||||
### One Statement, Many Languages
|
||||
|
||||
Here’s what the code for Hello World looks like in some of the most popular programming languages currently in use.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Java
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
class HelloWorld {
|
||||
public static void main(String[] args) {
|
||||
System.out.println("Hello, world!");
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### C#
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
using System;
|
||||
class Program
|
||||
{
|
||||
public static void Main(string[] args)
|
||||
{
|
||||
Console.WriteLine("Hello, world!");
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Python
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
print("Hello, world!")
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Ruby
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
puts "Hello, world!"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Scala
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
object HelloWorld extends App {
|
||||
println("Hello, world!")
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### ASP.NET
|
||||
|
||||
`Response.Write("Hello World!");`
|
||||
|
||||
#### Lisp
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
(princ "Hello, world!")
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Haskell
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
main = putStrLn "Hello, world!"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Malbolge
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
('&%:9]!~}|z2Vxwv-,POqponl$Hjig%eB@@>}=<M:9wv6WsU2T|nm-,jcL(I&%$#"
|
||||
`CB]V?Tx<uVtT`Rpo3NlF.Jh++FdbCBA@?]!~|4XzyTT43Qsqq(Lnmkj"Fhg${z@>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Go
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
package main
|
||||
import "fmt"
|
||||
func main() {
|
||||
fmt.Println("Hello, world!")
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Hello World Today: A Standard Practice in Varied Forms
|
||||
|
||||
In modern coding languages, Hello World is deployed at different levels of sophistication. For example, the Go language introduced a multilingual Hello World program, and XL features a spinning, 3D version complete with graphics. Some languages, like Ruby and Python, need only a single statement to print “hello world,” but a low-level assembly language could require several commands to do so. Modern languages also introduce variations in punctuation and casing. These include the presence or absence of the comma and exclamation point, as well as the capitalization of both words. For example, when systems only support capital letters, the phrase appears as “HELLO WORLD.” The first nontrivial Malbolge program printed “HEllO WORld.” Variations go beyond the literal as well. In functional languages like Lisp and Haskell, factorial programs are substituted for Hello World to emphasize recursive techniques. This is different from the original examples, which emphasized I/O and produced side effects.
|
||||
|
||||
With the increasing complexity of modern coding languages, Hello World is more important than ever. Both as a test and a teaching tool, it has become a standardized way of allowing programmers to configure their environment. No one can be sure why Hello World has stood the test of time in an industry known for rapid-fire innovation, but it is here to stay.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.thesoftwareguild.com/blog/the-history-of-hello-world/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[thussong][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.thesoftwareguild.com/blog/author/thussong/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thesoftwareguild.com%2Fblog%2Fthe-history-of-hello-world%2F&title=The%20History%20of%20Hello%20World
|
||||
[2]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%22Hello,_World!%22_program
|
||||
[3]: http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/Hello-World
|
||||
[4]: http://www.win-vector.com/blog/2008/02/hello-world-an-instance-rhetoric-in-computer-science/
|
||||
[5]: http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?HelloWorld
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: ( )
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (GoAccess – A Real-Time Web Server Log Analyzer And Interactive Viewer)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/goaccess-a-real-time-web-server-log-analyzer-and-interactive-viewer/)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Vinoth Kumar https://www.2daygeek.com/author/vinoth/)
|
||||
|
||||
GoAccess – A Real-Time Web Server Log Analyzer And Interactive Viewer
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
Analyzing a log file is a big headache for Linux administrators as it’s capturing a lot of things.
|
||||
|
||||
Most of the newbies and L1 administrators doesn’t know how to analyze this.
|
||||
|
||||
If you have good knowledge to analyze a logs then you will be a legend for NIX system.
|
||||
|
||||
There are many tools available in Linux to analyze the logs easily.
|
||||
|
||||
GoAccess is one of the tool which allow users to analyze web server logs easily.
|
||||
|
||||
We will be going to discuss in details about GoAccess tool in this article.
|
||||
|
||||
### What is GoAccess?
|
||||
|
||||
GoAccess is a real-time web log analyzer and interactive viewer that runs in a terminal in *nix systems or through your browser.
|
||||
|
||||
GoAccess has minimal requirements, it’s written in C and requires only ncurses.
|
||||
|
||||
It will support Apache, Nginx and Lighttpd logs. It provides fast and valuable HTTP statistics for system administrators that require a visual server report on the fly.
|
||||
|
||||
GoAccess parses the specified web log file and outputs the data to the X terminal and browser.
|
||||
|
||||
GoAccess was designed to be a fast, terminal-based log analyzer. Its core idea is to quickly analyze and view web server statistics in real time without needing to use your browser.
|
||||
|
||||
Terminal output is the default output, it has the capability to generate a complete, self-contained, real-time HTML report, as well as a JSON, and CSV report.
|
||||
|
||||
GoAccess allows any custom log format and the following (Combined Log Format (XLF/ELF) Apache | Nginx & Common Log Format (CLF) Apache) predefined log format options are included, but not limited to.
|
||||
|
||||
### GoAccess Features
|
||||
|
||||
* **`Completely Real Time:`** All the metrics are updated every 200 ms on the terminal and every second on the HTML output.
|
||||
* **`Track Application Response Time:`** Track the time taken to serve the request. Extremely useful if you want to track pages that are slowing down your site.
|
||||
* **`Visitors:`** Determine the amount of hits, visitors, bandwidth, and metrics for slowest running requests by the hour, or date.
|
||||
* **`Metrics per Virtual Host:`** Have multiple Virtual Hosts (Server Blocks)? It features a panel that displays which virtual host is consuming most of the web server resources.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### How to Install GoAccess?
|
||||
|
||||
I would advise users to install GoAccess from distribution official repository with help of Package Manager. It is available in most of the distributions official repository.
|
||||
|
||||
As we know, we will be getting bit outdated package for standard release distribution and rolling release distributions always include latest package.
|
||||
|
||||
If you are running the OS with standard release distributions, i would suggest you to check the alternative options such as PPA or Official GoAccess maintainer repository, etc, to get a latest package.
|
||||
|
||||
For **`Debian/Ubuntu`** systems, use **[APT-GET Command][1]** or **[APT Command][2]** to install GoAccess on your systems.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# apt install goaccess
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
To get a latest GoAccess package, use the below GoAccess official repository.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ echo "deb https://deb.goaccess.io/ $(lsb_release -cs) main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/goaccess.list
|
||||
$ wget -O - https://deb.goaccess.io/gnugpg.key | sudo apt-key add -
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get update
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install goaccess
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
For **`RHEL/CentOS`** systems, use **[YUM Package Manager][3]** to install GoAccess on your systems.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# yum install goaccess
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
For **`Fedora`** system, use **[DNF Package Manager][4]** to install GoAccess on your system.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# dnf install goaccess
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
For **`ArchLinux/Manjaro`** based systems, use **[Pacman Package Manager][5]** to install GoAccess on your systems.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# pacman -S goaccess
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
For **`openSUSE Leap`** system, use **[Zypper Package Manager][6]** to install GoAccess on your system.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# zypper install goaccess
|
||||
|
||||
# zypper ar -f obs://server:http
|
||||
|
||||
# zypper ref && zypper in goaccess
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### How to Use GoAccess?
|
||||
|
||||
After successful installation of GoAccess. Just enter the goaccess command and followed by the web server log location to view it.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# goaccess [options] /path/to/Web Server/access.log
|
||||
|
||||
# goaccess /var/log/apache/2daygeek_access.log
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
When you execute the above command, it will ask you to select the **Log Format Configuration**.
|
||||
![][8]
|
||||
|
||||
I had tested this with Apache access log. The Apache log is splitted in fifteen section. The details are below. The main section shows the summary about the fifteen section.
|
||||
|
||||
The below screenshots included four sessions such as Unique Visitors, Requested files, Static Requests, Not found URLs.
|
||||
![][9]
|
||||
|
||||
The below screenshots included four sessions such as Visitor Hostnames and IPs, Operating Systems, Browsers, Time Distribution.
|
||||
![][10]
|
||||
|
||||
The below screenshots included four sessions such as Referrers URLs, Referring Sites, Google’s search engine results, HTTP status codes.
|
||||
![][11]
|
||||
|
||||
If you would like to generate a html report, use the following format.
|
||||
|
||||
Initially i got an error when i was trying to generate the html report.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# goaccess 2daygeek_access.log -a > report.html
|
||||
|
||||
GoAccess - version 1.3 - Nov 23 2018 11:28:19
|
||||
Config file: No config file used
|
||||
|
||||
Fatal error has occurred
|
||||
Error occurred at: src/parser.c - parse_log - 2764
|
||||
No time format was found on your conf file.Parsing... [0] [0/s]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
It says “No time format was found on your conf file”. To overcome this issue, add the “COMBINED” log format option on it.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# goaccess -f 2daygeek_access.log --log-format=COMBINED -o 2daygeek.html
|
||||
Parsing...[0,165] [50,165/s]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![][12]
|
||||
|
||||
GoAccess allows you to access and analyze the real-time log filtering and parsing.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# tail -f /var/log/apache/2daygeek_access.log | goaccess -
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
For more details navigate to man or help page.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# man goaccess
|
||||
or
|
||||
# goaccess --help
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.2daygeek.com/goaccess-a-real-time-web-server-log-analyzer-and-interactive-viewer/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Vinoth Kumar][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/vinoth/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
|
||||
[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
|
||||
[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/
|
||||
[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-system/
|
||||
[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/pacman-command-examples-manage-packages-arch-linux-system/
|
||||
[6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples-manage-packages-opensuse-system/
|
||||
[7]: data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7
|
||||
[8]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/goaccess-a-real-time-web-server-log-analyzer-and-interactive-viewer-1.png
|
||||
[9]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/goaccess-a-real-time-web-server-log-analyzer-and-interactive-viewer-2.png
|
||||
[10]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/goaccess-a-real-time-web-server-log-analyzer-and-interactive-viewer-3.png
|
||||
[11]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/goaccess-a-real-time-web-server-log-analyzer-and-interactive-viewer-4.png
|
||||
[12]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/goaccess-a-real-time-web-server-log-analyzer-and-interactive-viewer-5.png
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: ( )
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Get started with WTF, a dashboard for the terminal)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/1/wtf-information-dashboard)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Kevein Sonney https://opensource.com/users/ksonney)
|
||||
|
||||
Get started with WTF, a dashboard for the terminal
|
||||
======
|
||||
Keep key information in view with WTF, the sixth in our series on open source tools that will make you more productive in 2019.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
There seems to be a mad rush at the beginning of every year to find ways to be more productive. New Year's resolutions, the itch to start the year off right, and of course, an "out with the old, in with the new" attitude all contribute to this. And the usual round of recommendations is heavily biased towards closed source and proprietary software. It doesn't have to be that way.
|
||||
|
||||
Here's the sixth of my picks for 19 new (or new-to-you) open source tools to help you be more productive in 2019.
|
||||
|
||||
### WTF
|
||||
|
||||
Once upon a time, I was doing some consulting at a firm that used [Bloomberg Terminals][1] . My reaction was, "Wow, that's WAY too much information on one screen." These days, however, it seems like I can't get enough information on a screen when I'm working and have multiple web pages, dashboards, and console apps open to try to keep track of things.
|
||||
|
||||
While [tmux][2] and [Screen][3] can do split screens and multiple windows, they are a pain to set up, and the keybindings can take a while to learn (and often conflict with other applications).
|
||||
|
||||
[WTF][4] is a simple, easily configured information dashboard for the terminal. It is written in [Go][5], uses a YAML configuration file, and can pull data from several different sources. All the data sources are contained in [modules][6] and include things like weather, issue trackers, date and time, Google Sheets, and a whole lot more. Some panes are interactive, and some just update with the most recent information available.
|
||||
|
||||
Setup is as easy as downloading the latest release for your operating system and running the command. Since it is written in Go, it is very portable and should run anywhere you can compile it (although the developer only builds for Linux and MacOS at this time).
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
When you run WTF for the first time, you'll get the default screen, identical to the image above.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
You also get the default configuration file in **~/.wtf/config.yml** , and you can edit the file to suit your needs. The grid layout is configured in the top part of the file.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
grid:
|
||||
columns: [45, 45]
|
||||
rows: [7, 7, 7, 4]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The numbers in the grid settings represent the character dimensions of each block. The default configuration is two columns of 40 characters, two rows 13 characters tall, and one row 4 characters tall. In the code above, I made the columns wider (45, 45), the rows smaller, and added a fourth row so I can have more widgets.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
I like to see the day's weather on my dashboard. There are two weather modules to chose from: [Weather][7], which shows just the text information, and [Pretty Weather][8], which is colorful and uses text-based graphics in the display.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
prettyweather:
|
||||
enabled: true
|
||||
position:
|
||||
top: 0
|
||||
left: 1
|
||||
height: 2
|
||||
width: 1
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This code creates a pane two blocks tall (height: 2) and one block wide (height: 1), positioned on the second column (left: 1) on the top row (top: 0) containing the Pretty Weather module.
|
||||
|
||||
Some modules, like Jira, GitHub, and Todo, are interactive, and you can scroll, update, and save information in them. You can move between the interactive panes using the Tab key. The \ key brings up a help screen for the active pane so you can see what you can do and how. The Todo module lets you add, edit, and delete to-do items, as well as check them off as you complete them.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
There are also modules to execute commands and present the output, watch a text file, and monitor build and integration server output. All the documentation is very well done.
|
||||
|
||||
WTF is a valuable tool for anyone who needs to see a lot of data on one screen from different sources.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/article/19/1/wtf-information-dashboard
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Kevein Sonney][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/ksonney
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloomberg_Terminal
|
||||
[2]: https://github.com/tmux/tmux
|
||||
[3]: https://www.gnu.org/software/screen/
|
||||
[4]: https://wtfutil.com/
|
||||
[5]: https://golang.org/
|
||||
[6]: https://wtfutil.com/posts/modules/
|
||||
[7]: https://wtfutil.com/posts/modules/weather/
|
||||
[8]: https://wtfutil.com/posts/modules/prettyweather/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,398 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: ( )
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (How To Copy A File/Folder From A Local System To Remote System In Linux?)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-scp-rsync-pscp-command-copy-files-folders-in-multiple-servers-using-shell-script/)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Prakash Subramanian https://www.2daygeek.com/author/prakash/)
|
||||
|
||||
How To Copy A File/Folder From A Local System To Remote System In Linux?
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
Copying a file from one server to another server or local to remote is one of the routine task for Linux administrator.
|
||||
|
||||
If anyone says no, i won’t accept because this is one of the regular activity wherever you go.
|
||||
|
||||
It can be done in many ways and we are trying to cover all the possible options.
|
||||
|
||||
You can choose the one which you would prefer. Also, check other commands as well that may help you for some other purpose.
|
||||
|
||||
I have tested all these commands and script in my test environment so, you can use this for your routine work.
|
||||
|
||||
By default every one go with SCP because it’s one of the native command that everyone use for file copy. But commands which is listed in this article are be smart so, give a try if you would like to try new things.
|
||||
|
||||
This can be done in below four ways easily.
|
||||
|
||||
* **`SCP:`** scp copies files between hosts on a network. It uses ssh for data transfer, and uses the same authentication and provides the same security as ssh.
|
||||
* **`RSYNC:`** rsync is a fast and extraordinarily versatile file copying tool. It can copy locally, to/from another host over any remote shell, or to/from a remote rsync daemon.
|
||||
* **`PSCP:`** pscp is a program for copying files in parallel to a number of hosts. It provides features such as passing a password to scp, saving output to files, and timing out.
|
||||
* **`PRSYNC:`** prsync is a program for copying files in parallel to a number of hosts. It provides features such as passing a password to ssh, saving output to files, and timing out.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Method-1: Copy Files/Folders From A Local System To Remote System In Linux Using SCP Command?
|
||||
|
||||
scp command allow us to copy files/folders from a local system to remote system.
|
||||
|
||||
We are going to copy the `output.txt` file from my local system to `2g.CentOS.com` remote system under `/opt/backup` directory.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# scp output.txt root@2g.CentOS.com:/opt/backup
|
||||
|
||||
output.txt 100% 2468 2.4KB/s 00:00
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
We are going to copy two files `output.txt` and `passwd-up.sh` files from my local system to `2g.CentOS.com` remote system under `/opt/backup` directory.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# scp output.txt passwd-up.sh root@2g.CentOS.com:/opt/backup
|
||||
|
||||
output.txt 100% 2468 2.4KB/s 00:00
|
||||
passwd-up.sh 100% 877 0.9KB/s 00:00
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
We are going to copy the `shell-script` directory from my local system to `2g.CentOS.com` remote system under `/opt/backup` directory.
|
||||
|
||||
This will copy the `shell-script` directory and associated files under `/opt/backup` directory.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# scp -r /home/daygeek/2g/shell-script/ [email protected]:/opt/backup/
|
||||
|
||||
output.txt 100% 2468 2.4KB/s 00:00
|
||||
ovh.sh 100% 76 0.1KB/s 00:00
|
||||
passwd-up.sh 100% 877 0.9KB/s 00:00
|
||||
passwd-up1.sh 100% 7 0.0KB/s 00:00
|
||||
server-list.txt 100% 23 0.0KB/s 00:00
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Method-2: Copy Files/Folders From A Local System To Multiple Remote System In Linux Using Shell Script with scp Command?
|
||||
|
||||
If you would like to copy the same file into multiple remote servers then create the following small shell script to achieve this.
|
||||
|
||||
To do so, get the servers list and add those into `server-list.txt` file. Make sure you have to update the servers list into `server-list.txt` file. Each server should be in separate line.
|
||||
|
||||
Finally mention the file location which you want to copy like below.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# file-copy.sh
|
||||
|
||||
#!/bin/sh
|
||||
for server in `more server-list.txt`
|
||||
do
|
||||
scp /home/daygeek/2g/shell-script/output.txt [email protected]$server:/opt/backup
|
||||
done
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Once you done, set an executable permission to password-update.sh file.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# chmod +x file-copy.sh
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Finally run the script to achieve this.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# ./file-copy.sh
|
||||
|
||||
output.txt 100% 2468 2.4KB/s 00:00
|
||||
output.txt 100% 2468 2.4KB/s 00:00
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Use the following script to copy the multiple files into multiple remote servers.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# file-copy.sh
|
||||
|
||||
#!/bin/sh
|
||||
for server in `more server-list.txt`
|
||||
do
|
||||
scp /home/daygeek/2g/shell-script/output.txt passwd-up.sh [email protected]$server:/opt/backup
|
||||
done
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The below output shows all the files twice as this copied into two servers.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# ./file-cp.sh
|
||||
|
||||
output.txt 100% 2468 2.4KB/s 00:00
|
||||
passwd-up.sh 100% 877 0.9KB/s 00:00
|
||||
output.txt 100% 2468 2.4KB/s 00:00
|
||||
passwd-up.sh 100% 877 0.9KB/s 00:00
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Use the following script to copy the directory recursively into multiple remote servers.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# file-copy.sh
|
||||
|
||||
#!/bin/sh
|
||||
for server in `more server-list.txt`
|
||||
do
|
||||
scp -r /home/daygeek/2g/shell-script/ [email protected]$server:/opt/backup
|
||||
done
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Output for the above script.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# ./file-cp.sh
|
||||
|
||||
output.txt 100% 2468 2.4KB/s 00:00
|
||||
ovh.sh 100% 76 0.1KB/s 00:00
|
||||
passwd-up.sh 100% 877 0.9KB/s 00:00
|
||||
passwd-up1.sh 100% 7 0.0KB/s 00:00
|
||||
server-list.txt 100% 23 0.0KB/s 00:00
|
||||
|
||||
output.txt 100% 2468 2.4KB/s 00:00
|
||||
ovh.sh 100% 76 0.1KB/s 00:00
|
||||
passwd-up.sh 100% 877 0.9KB/s 00:00
|
||||
passwd-up1.sh 100% 7 0.0KB/s 00:00
|
||||
server-list.txt 100% 23 0.0KB/s 00:00
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Method-3: Copy Files/Folders From A Local System To Multiple Remote System In Linux Using PSCP Command?
|
||||
|
||||
pscp command directly allow us to perform the copy to multiple remote servers.
|
||||
|
||||
Use the following pscp command to copy a single file to remote server.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# pscp.pssh -H 2g.CentOS.com /home/daygeek/2g/shell-script/output.txt /opt/backup
|
||||
|
||||
[1] 18:46:11 [SUCCESS] 2g.CentOS.com
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Use the following pscp command to copy a multiple files to remote server.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# pscp.pssh -H 2g.CentOS.com /home/daygeek/2g/shell-script/output.txt ovh.sh /opt/backup
|
||||
|
||||
[1] 18:47:48 [SUCCESS] 2g.CentOS.com
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Use the following pscp command to copy a directory recursively to remote server.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# pscp.pssh -H 2g.CentOS.com -r /home/daygeek/2g/shell-script/ /opt/backup
|
||||
|
||||
[1] 18:48:46 [SUCCESS] 2g.CentOS.com
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Use the following pscp command to copy a single file to multiple remote servers.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# pscp.pssh -h server-list.txt /home/daygeek/2g/shell-script/output.txt /opt/backup
|
||||
|
||||
[1] 18:49:48 [SUCCESS] 2g.CentOS.com
|
||||
[2] 18:49:48 [SUCCESS] 2g.Debian.com
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Use the following pscp command to copy a multiple files to multiple remote servers.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# pscp.pssh -h server-list.txt /home/daygeek/2g/shell-script/output.txt passwd-up.sh /opt/backup
|
||||
|
||||
[1] 18:50:30 [SUCCESS] 2g.Debian.com
|
||||
[2] 18:50:30 [SUCCESS] 2g.CentOS.com
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Use the following pscp command to copy a directory recursively to multiple remote servers.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# pscp.pssh -h server-list.txt -r /home/daygeek/2g/shell-script/ /opt/backup
|
||||
|
||||
[1] 18:51:31 [SUCCESS] 2g.Debian.com
|
||||
[2] 18:51:31 [SUCCESS] 2g.CentOS.com
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Method-4: Copy Files/Folders From A Local System To Multiple Remote System In Linux Using rsync Command?
|
||||
|
||||
Rsync is a fast and extraordinarily versatile file copying tool. It can copy locally, to/from another host over any remote shell, or to/from a remote rsync daemon.
|
||||
|
||||
Use the following rsync command to copy a single file to remote server.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# rsync -avz /home/daygeek/2g/shell-script/output.txt [email protected]:/opt/backup
|
||||
|
||||
sending incremental file list
|
||||
output.txt
|
||||
|
||||
sent 598 bytes received 31 bytes 1258.00 bytes/sec
|
||||
total size is 2468 speedup is 3.92
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Use the following pscp command to copy a multiple files to remote server.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# rsync -avz /home/daygeek/2g/shell-script/output.txt passwd-up.sh root@2g.CentOS.com:/opt/backup
|
||||
|
||||
sending incremental file list
|
||||
output.txt
|
||||
passwd-up.sh
|
||||
|
||||
sent 737 bytes received 50 bytes 1574.00 bytes/sec
|
||||
total size is 2537 speedup is 3.22
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Use the following rsync command to copy a single file to remote server overh ssh.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# rsync -avzhe ssh /home/daygeek/2g/shell-script/output.txt root@2g.CentOS.com:/opt/backup
|
||||
|
||||
sending incremental file list
|
||||
output.txt
|
||||
|
||||
sent 598 bytes received 31 bytes 419.33 bytes/sec
|
||||
total size is 2.47K speedup is 3.92
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Use the following pscp command to copy a directory recursively to remote server over ssh. This will copy only files not the base directory.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# rsync -avzhe ssh /home/daygeek/2g/shell-script/ root@2g.CentOS.com:/opt/backup
|
||||
|
||||
sending incremental file list
|
||||
./
|
||||
output.txt
|
||||
ovh.sh
|
||||
passwd-up.sh
|
||||
passwd-up1.sh
|
||||
server-list.txt
|
||||
|
||||
sent 3.85K bytes received 281 bytes 8.26K bytes/sec
|
||||
total size is 9.12K speedup is 2.21
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Method-5: Copy Files/Folders From A Local System To Multiple Remote System In Linux Using Shell Script with rsync Command?
|
||||
|
||||
If you would like to copy the same file into multiple remote servers then create the following small shell script to achieve this.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# file-copy.sh
|
||||
|
||||
#!/bin/sh
|
||||
for server in `more server-list.txt`
|
||||
do
|
||||
rsync -avzhe ssh /home/daygeek/2g/shell-script/ root@2g.CentOS.com$server:/opt/backup
|
||||
done
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Output for the above shell script.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# ./file-copy.sh
|
||||
|
||||
sending incremental file list
|
||||
./
|
||||
output.txt
|
||||
ovh.sh
|
||||
passwd-up.sh
|
||||
passwd-up1.sh
|
||||
server-list.txt
|
||||
|
||||
sent 3.86K bytes received 281 bytes 8.28K bytes/sec
|
||||
total size is 9.13K speedup is 2.21
|
||||
|
||||
sending incremental file list
|
||||
./
|
||||
output.txt
|
||||
ovh.sh
|
||||
passwd-up.sh
|
||||
passwd-up1.sh
|
||||
server-list.txt
|
||||
|
||||
sent 3.86K bytes received 281 bytes 2.76K bytes/sec
|
||||
total size is 9.13K speedup is 2.21
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Method-6: Copy Files/Folders From A Local System To Multiple Remote System In Linux Using Shell Script with scp Command?
|
||||
|
||||
In the above two shell script, we need to mention the file and folder location as a prerequiesties but here i did a small modification that allow the script to get a file or folder as a input. It could be very useful when you want to perform the copy multiple times in a day.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# file-copy.sh
|
||||
|
||||
#!/bin/sh
|
||||
for server in `more server-list.txt`
|
||||
do
|
||||
scp -r $1 root@2g.CentOS.com$server:/opt/backup
|
||||
done
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Run the shell script and give the file name as a input.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# ./file-copy.sh output1.txt
|
||||
|
||||
output1.txt 100% 3558 3.5KB/s 00:00
|
||||
output1.txt 100% 3558 3.5KB/s 00:00
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Method-7: Copy Files/Folders From A Local System To Multiple Remote System In Linux With Non-Standard Port Number?
|
||||
|
||||
Use the below shell script to copy a file or folder if you are using Non-Standard port.
|
||||
|
||||
If you are using `Non-Standard` port, make sure you have to mention the port number as follow for SCP command.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# file-copy-scp.sh
|
||||
|
||||
#!/bin/sh
|
||||
for server in `more server-list.txt`
|
||||
do
|
||||
scp -P 2222 -r $1 root@2g.CentOS.com$server:/opt/backup
|
||||
done
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Run the shell script and give the file name as a input.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# ./file-copy.sh ovh.sh
|
||||
|
||||
ovh.sh 100% 3558 3.5KB/s 00:00
|
||||
ovh.sh 100% 3558 3.5KB/s 00:00
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
If you are using `Non-Standard` port, make sure you have to mention the port number as follow for rsync command.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# file-copy-rsync.sh
|
||||
|
||||
#!/bin/sh
|
||||
for server in `more server-list.txt`
|
||||
do
|
||||
rsync -avzhe 'ssh -p 2222' $1 root@2g.CentOS.com$server:/opt/backup
|
||||
done
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Run the shell script and give the file name as a input.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# ./file-copy-rsync.sh passwd-up.sh
|
||||
sending incremental file list
|
||||
passwd-up.sh
|
||||
|
||||
sent 238 bytes received 35 bytes 26.00 bytes/sec
|
||||
total size is 159 speedup is 0.58
|
||||
|
||||
sending incremental file list
|
||||
passwd-up.sh
|
||||
|
||||
sent 238 bytes received 35 bytes 26.00 bytes/sec
|
||||
total size is 159 speedup is 0.58
|
||||
```
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-scp-rsync-pscp-command-copy-files-folders-in-multiple-servers-using-shell-script/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Prakash Subramanian][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/prakash/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user