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翻译完成。
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fyh 翻译中。。。
Open source all over the world
================================================================================
![](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/images/business/BUS_OpenSourceExperience_520x292_cm.png)
Image by : opensource.com
After a full day at the annual meeting of the Opensource.com [Community Moderators][1], it was time for the the last item on the agenda which simply said "Special Guest: TBD." [Jason Hibbets][2], project lead and community manager for [Opensource.com][3], stood up and began explaining, "In case it wasn't going to happen, I didn't want to say who it was. Months ago I asked for any dates he'd be in town. I got two, and picked one. This was one day out of three weeks that Jim was in town."
The moderators, in town from all over the world for the [All Things Open conference][4], stirred at the table. Their chairs squeaked and snuck a few inches edgewise.
"We're going to get a half hour to hear from him and take a couple questions," said Jason.
The door opened, and as if it had been waiting for him the whole time, the only vacant seat at the head of the table was soon occupied by a tall fellow.
"How is everyone doing?" said the man. No suit, just a button down shirt and slacks.
The next tallest man in the room, [Jeff Mackanic][5], senior director of Global Awareness at Red Hat, explained that the majority of the Community Moderator team was present today. He asked everyone to quickly introduce themselves.
"[Jen Wike Huger][6]. Content Manager for Opensource.com. Happy to have everyone here."
"[Nicole][7]. Vice president of education at [ByWater Solutions][8]. We do FOSS for libraries. I travel and teach people how to use software."
"[Robin][9]. I've been participating in the Moderator program since 2013. I do lots of stuff for OSDC and work in the [City of the Hague][10], maintaining their [website][11]."
"[Marcus Hanwell][12]. Originally from England, I'm now at [Kitware][13]. I'm the technology lead on FOSS science software. I work with national labs and use things like [Titan][14] Z doing [GPU programming][15]. I've worked with [Gentoo][16] and [KDE][17]. Most of all, I'm passionate about joining FOSS and open science."
"[Phil Shapiro][18]. I administrate 28 Linux work stations at a small library in D.C. I consider these folks my coworkers and colleagues. And it's wonderful to know that we can all feed into the energy and share ideas. My main interests are how FOSS intersects with dignity, and enhancing dignity."
"[Joshua Holm][19]. I spend most of my time staring at system updates and helping people search for jobs on the Internet."
"[Mel Chernoff][20]: I work here at Red Hat, primarily on the [government][21] channel with [Jason Hibbets][22] and [Mark Bohannon][23]."
"[Scott Nesbitt][24]: I write for many things, but have been using FOSS for long time. I'm a 'mere mortal' just trying to be more productive, not a sysadmin or programmer. I help people meld FOSS into their business and personal lives."
"[Luis Ibanez][25]: I just joined [Google]26], but I'm interested in DIY and FOSS."
"[Remy DeCausemaker][27]: Resident Hackademic at the [RIT MAGIC Center][28] and Adjunct Professor for the [Department of Interactive Games and Media][29]. Been writing for Opensource.com for about four years now."
"You teach courses for the [new FOSS Minor then][30]," said Jim. "Very cool."
"[Jason Baker][31]. I'm a Red Hat cloud expert, mostly doing work around [OpenStack][32]."
"[Mark Bohannan][33]. I'm with Red Hat Global Public Policy, and I work out of Washington. Like Mel, I spend a good deal of time writing for, or finding folks from, the legal and government channels. I've found an excellent outlet to discuss positive things happening in government."
"[Jason Hibbets][34]. I organize the organized chaos here."
The room has a good chuckle.
"I organize this chaos too, you could say," says the brownish-red haired fellow with a gleaming white smile. The laughs grow then quieten. Breaths become baited.
I sat to his left and had a moment to look up from transcribing to glance up. I noticed the hint of a smile behind the knowing eyes of a man who has led the company since January 2008, [Jim Whitehurst][35], president and CEO of Red Hat.
"I have one of the greatest jobs on Earth," began Whitehurst, as he leaned back, crossed his legs, and put his arms behind his head. "I get to lead Red Hat, travel around the world and see what goes on. In my seven years here, the amazing thing about FOSS, and, broadly open innovation, is that it has left the fringe. And now, I would argue, IT is in the same place that FOSS was in its early days. We are seeing FOSS going from an alternative to driving innovation. Our customers are seeing it, too. They're using FOSS not because it is cheaper, but because it provides them with control and innovative solutions. It's a global phenomenon, too. For instance, I was just in India, and discovered that, for them, there were two reasons for embracing of open source: one, access to innovation, and two, the market is somewhat different and wanting full control.”
"The [Bombay Stock Exchange][36] wants to own all the source and control it. That is not something you would have heard five years ago in a stock exchange, anywhere. Back then, the early knock on FOSS was that it was creating free copies of things that already existed.' If you look today, virtually everything in big data is happening in FOSS. Almost any new framework, language, and methodology, including mobile (though excluding devices), are all happening first in open source.”
"This is because users have reached size and scale. It's not just Red Hat—it's [Google][37], [Amazon][38], [Facebook][39], and others, they want to solve their own problems, and do it the open source way. And forget licensing—open source is much more than that. We've built a vehicle, and a set of norms. Things like [Hadoop][40], [Cassandra][41], and other tools. Fact is, open source drives innovation. For example, Hadoop was in production before any vendor realized there was a problem of that scale that needed to be solved. They actually have the wherewithal to solve their own problems, and the social tech and principles to do that. "Open source is now the default technology for many categories. This is especially true as the world moves more and more to content importance, such as [3D printing][42] and other physical products that take information content and apply it.”
"We have this cool thing in one area, source code, but it is limited. But there are still many opportunities in different industries. We must ask ourselves, 'What can open source do for education, government, and legal? What are the parallels? And what can other areas learn with us?'"
"There's also the matter of content. Content is now free, and we can invest in more free content, sure. But we need free content that has a business model built around it. That is something that more people should care about. If you believe open innovation is better, then we need more models."
"Education worries me with its fixation on 'content' rather than 'communities.' For example, everywhere I go, I hear university presidents say, 'Wait, education is going to be free?!' The fact that FOSS is free for downstream is great, but the upstream is really powerful. Distributing free courses is great, but we need communities to iterate and make it better. That is something that a lot of different people are doing, and Opensource.com is a place to share what is going on in this space. The question is not so much 'How do we take content?' as it is 'How do you build and distribute it? How do you make sure it is a living thing that gets better, and can morph for different areas?'"
"But the potential to change the world is limitless, and it's amazing how much progress we've already made. Six years ago we were obsessed about defining a mission statement. We started by saying, 'We are the leader,' but that was the wrong word, because it implied control. Active participant didn't quite get it either... [Máirín Duffy][43] came up with the word [catalyst][44]. And so, we became Red Hat, the company that creates environments to agitate action and catalyze direction.”
"Opensource.com is a catalyst in other areas, and that is what Opensource.com is about. I hope you see yourselves this way, too. The quality of content then, when we started, versus now, is incredible. You can see it getting better every quarter. Thank you for investing your time. Thank you for being catalysts. This is a chance for us all to make the world a better place. And I'd love to hear from you."
I stole a glimpse of everyone at the table: more than a few people had tears in their eyes.
Then, Whitehurst revisits the open education topic of conversation again. "Taking it to an extreme, let's say you have a course about the book [Ulysses][45]. Here, you can explore how to crowdsource a model and get people to work together within the course. Well, it's the same with a piece of code: people work together, and the code itself gets better over time."
At this point, I get to have my say. Words like fundamental and possibly irreconcilable came up when discussing the differences between FOSS and academic communities.
**Remy**: "Retraction is career death." Releasing data or code with your paper could be devastating if you make a mistake. School has always been about avoiding failure and divining 'right answers'. Copying is cheating. Wheels are recreated from scratch ritualistically. In FOSS, you work to fail fastest, but in academia, you invite invalidation."
**Nicole**: "There are a lot of egos in academia. You need a release manager."
**Marcus**: "To collaborate, you have to show the bits you don't understand, and that happens behind closed doors. The reward model is all about what you can take credit for. We need to change the reward model. Publish as much as you can. We release eventually, but we want to release early."
**Luis**: "Make teamwork and sharing a priority. And Red Hat can say that to them more."
**Jim**: "Is there an active role that companies can play in that?"
[Phil Shapiro][46]: "I'm interested in tipping points in FOSS. It drives me nuts that the Fed hasn't switched to [LibreOffice][47]. We're not spending tax dollars on software, and certainly shouldn't be spending on word processing or Microsoft Office."
**Jim**: "We have advocated for that. A lot. Can we do more? That's a valid question. Primarily, we've made progress in the places we have products. We have a solid franchise in government. We are larger per IT spend there than the private sector. Banks and telcos are further along than the government. We've done better in Europe, and I think they have less lobbying dollars at work there, than here. This next generation of computing is almost like a 'do-over'. We are making great progress elsewhere, but it is concerning."
Suddenly, the door to the room opened. Jim turned and nodded towards his executive assistant standing in the doorway; it was time for his next meeting. He uncrossed his legs, leaned forward, and stood. He thanked everyone again for their work and dedication, smiled, and was out the door... leaving us all a bit more inspired.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/business/14/12/jim-whitehurst-inspiration-open-source
作者:[Remy][a]
译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译,[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:https://opensource.com/users/remyd
[1]:http://opensource.com/community-moderator-program
[2]:https://twitter.com/jhibbets
[3]:http://opensource.com/
[4]:http://allthingsopen.org/
[5]:http://opensource.com/users/mackanic
[6]:https://twitter.com/JenWike
[7]:http://opensource.com/users/nengard
[8]:http://bywatersolutions.com/
[9]:http://opensource.com/life/13/7/community-spotlight-robin-muilwijk
[10]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hague
[11]:http://www.denhaag.nl/en.htm
[12]:https://twitter.com/mhanwell
[13]:http://www.kitware.com/
[14]:http://www.nvidia.com/gtx-700-graphics-cards/gtx-titan-z/
[15]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General-purpose_computing_on_graphics_processing_units
[16]:https://www.gentoo.org/
[17]:http://kde.org/
[18]:https://twitter.com/philshapiro
[19]:http://opensource.com/community/13/9/contributor-spotlight-joshua-holm
[20]:http://opensource.com/users/melanie
[21]:http://opensource.com/government
[22]:https://twitter.com/jhibbets
[23]:https://twitter.com/markbotech
[24]:http://scottnesbitt.me/
[25]:http://opensource.com/users/luis-ibanez
[26]:http://google.com/
[27]:http://twitter.com/remy_d
[28]:http://foss.rit.edu/
[29]:http://igm.rit.edu/
[30]:http://www.rit.edu/news/story.php?id=50590
[31]:https://twitter.com/jehb
[32]:http://openstack.org/
[33]:https://twitter.com/markbotech
[34]:https://twitter.com/jhibbets
[35]:http://www.redhat.com/en/about/company/management/james-whitehurst
[36]:http://www.bseindia.com/
[37]:http://google.com/
[38]:https://mail.corp.redhat.com/service/home/%7E/Amazon
[39]:https://mail.corp.redhat.com/service/home/%7E/Facebook
[40]:https://hadoop.apache.org/
[41]:https://cassandra.apache.org/
[42]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_printing
[43]:https://twitter.com/mairin
[44]:http://jobs.redhat.com/life-at-red-hat/our-culture/
[45]:http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4300
[46]:https://twitter.com/philshapiro
[47]:http://libreoffice.org/

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一个开源的世界
================================================================================
![](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/images/business/BUS_OpenSourceExperience_520x292_cm.png)
图片来源 : opensource.com
经过了一整天的Opensource.com[社区版主][1]年会,最后一项日程提了上来,内容只有“特邀嘉宾:待定”几个字。作为[Opensource.com][3]的项目负责人和社区管理员,[Jason Hibbets][2]起身解释道“因为这个嘉宾有可能无法到场因此我不想提前说是谁。在几个月前我问他何时有空过来他给了我两个时间点我选了其中一个。今天是这三周中Jim唯一能来的一天”。译者注Jim是指下文中提到的Jim Whitehurst即红帽公司总裁兼首席执行官
这句话在版主们Moderators中引起一阵轰动他们从世界各地赶来参加此次的[拥抱开源大会(All Things Open Conference)][4]。版主们纷纷往前挪动椅子,仔细聆听。
“他会首先作半个小时的演讲然后会回答几个提问。”Jason说道。
会场的门开着,似乎一直在等着这位大人物的出现。这时,会场前唯一一个空位上来了一位高个子。
“大家好!”,这个家伙开口了。他没穿正装,只是衬衫和休闲裤。
这时会场中第二高个子的人,红帽全球意识部门(Global Awareness)的高级主管[Jeff Mackanic][5],告诉他大部分社区版本今天都在场,然后让每个人开始作简单的自我介绍。
“我叫[Jen Wike Huger][6]负责Opensource.com的内容管理很高兴见到大家。”
“我叫[Nicole][7]。是[ByWater Solutions][8]的副总裁,我们在做免费的开源库。我到各地旅行并教会人们如何使用软件。”
“我叫[Robin][9]从2013年开始参与版主项目。我在OSDC做了一些事情工作是在[City of the Hague][10]维护[网站][11]。”
“我叫[Marcus Hanwell][12],来自英格兰,在[Kitware][13]工作。同时我是FOSS科学软件的技术总监和国家实验室在[Titan][14] Z和[Gpu programming][15]方面合作。我主要使用[Gentoo][16]和[KDE][17]。最后我很激动能加入FOSS和开源科学。”
“我叫[Phil Shapiro][18]是华盛顿的一个小图书馆28个Linux工作站的管理员。我视各位为我的同事。非常高兴能一起交流分享贡献力量。我主要关注FOSS和自豪感的关系以及FOSS如何提升自豪感。”
“我叫[Joshua Holm][19]。我大多数时间都在关注系统更新,以及帮助人们在网上找工作。”
“我叫[Mel Chernoff][20],在红帽工作,和[Jason Hibbets]和[Mark Bohannon]一起主要关注政府渠道方面。”
“我叫[Scott Nesbitt][24]写过很多东西使用FOSS很久了。我是个普通人不是系统管理员也不是程序员只希望能更加高效工作。我帮助人们在商业和生活中使用FOSS。”
“我叫[Luis Ibanez][25],刚加入[Google][26]。我对DIY和FOSS感兴趣。”
“我叫[Remy DeCausemaker][27],在[RIT MAGIC Center][28]的黑客学院Resident Hackademic也是[交互式游戏和媒体系][29]的一个兼职教授。现在为Opensource.com写作将近四年。”
“你在[新FOSS Minor][30]教书Jim说道“很酷
“我叫[Jason Baker][31]。我是红慢的一个云专家,主要做[OpenStack][32]方面的工作。”
“我叫[Mark Bohannan][33]是红帽全球开放协议的一员在华盛顿外工作。和Mel一样我花了相当多时间写作也从法律和政府部门中找合作者。我做了一个很好的小册子来讨论正在发生在政府中的积极变化。”
“我叫[Jason Hibbets][34],我组织了这次会议。”
会场中一片笑声。
“我也组织了这片讨论,可以这么说,”这个棕红色头发笑容灿烂的家伙说道。笑声持续一会逐渐平息。
我当时在他左边时不时从转录空隙中抬头看一眼然后从眼神中注意到微笑背后暗示的那个自2008年1月起开始领导公司的人红帽的CEO[Jim Whitehurst][35]。
“我有世界上最好的工作”稍稍向后靠、叉腿抱头Whitehurst开始了演讲。“我开始领导红帽在世界各地旅行到处看看情况。在这里的七年中FOSS和广泛的开源创新所发生的美好的事情是开源已经脱离了条条框框。我现在认为IT正处在FOSS之前所在的位置。我们可以预见FOSS从一个替代走向创新驱动力。”用户也看到了这一点。他们用FOSS并不是因为它便宜而是因为它能提供和创新的解决方案。这也十一个全球现象。比如我刚才还在印度然后发现那里的用户拥抱开源的两个理由一个是创新另一个是那里的市场有些特殊需要完全的控制。
“[孟买证券交易所][36]想得到源代码并加以控制五年前这在证券交易领域闻所未闻。那时FOSS正在重复发明轮子。今天看来FOSS正在做几乎所有的结合了大数据的事物。几乎所有的新框架语言和方法论包括流动尽管不包括设备都首先发生在开源世界。”
“这是因为用户数量已经达到了相当的规模。这不只是红帽遇到的情况,[Google][37][Amazon][38][Facebook][39]等也出现这样的情况。他们想解决自己的问题,用开源的方式。忘掉协议吧,开源绝不仅如此。我们建立了一个交通工具,一套规则,例如[Hadoop][40][Cassandra][41]和其他工具。事实上开源驱动创新。例如Hadoop在厂商们意识的规模带来的问题。他们实际上有足够的资和资源金来解决自己的问题。”开源是许多领域的默认技术方案。这在一个更加注重内容的世界中更是如此例如[3D打印][42]和其他使用信息内容的物理产品。”
“源代码的开源确实很酷,但开源不应当仅限于此。在各行各业不同领域开源仍有可以用武之地。我们要问下自己:‘开源能够为教育,政府,法律带来什么?其它的呢?其它的领域如何能学习我们?’”
“还有内容的问题。内容在现在是免费的,当然我们可以投资更多的免费内容,不过我们也需要商业模式围绕的内容。这是我们更应该关注的。如果你相信开放的创新能带来更好,那么我们需要更多的商业模式。”
“教育让我担心其相比与社区它更关注内容。例如无论我走到哪里大学校长们都会说等等难道教育将会免费对于下游来说FOSS免费很棒但别忘了上游很强大。免费课程很棒但我们同样需要社区来不断迭代和完善。这是很多人都在做的事情Opensource.com是一个提供交流的社区。问题不是我们如何控制内容也不是如何建立和分发内容而是要确保它处在不断的完善当中而且能给其他领域提供有价值的参考。”
“改变世界的潜力是无穷无尽的,我们已经取得了很棒的进步。”六年前我们痴迷于制定宣言,我们说‘我们是领导者’。我们用错词了,因为那潜在意味着控制。积极的参与者们同样也不能很好理解……[Máirín Duffy][43]提出了[催化剂][44]这个词。然后我们组成了红帽,不断地促进行动,指引方向。”
“Opensource.com也是其他领域的催化剂而这正是它的本义所在我希望你们也这样认为。当时的内容质量和现在比起来都令人难以置信。你可以看到每季度它都在进步。谢谢你们的时间谢谢成为了催化剂这是一个让世界变得更好的机会。我想听听你们的看法。”
我瞥了一下桌子,发现几个人眼中带泪。
然后Whitehurst又回顾了大会的开放教育议题。“极端一点看如果你有一门[Ulysses][45]的公开课。在这里你能和一群人一起合作体验课堂。这样就和代码块一样的:大家一起努力,代码随着时间不断改进。”
在这一点上我有发言权。当谈论其FOSS和学术团体之间的差异向基础和可能的不调和这些词语都跳了出来。
**Remy**: “倒退带来死亡。如果你在论文或者发布的代码中烦了一个错误有可能带来十分严重的后果。学校一直都是避免失败寻求正确答案的地方。复制意味着抄袭。轮子在一遍遍地教条地被发明。FOSS你能快速失败但在学术界你只能带来无效的结果。”
**Nicole**: “学术界有太多自我的家伙,你们需要一个发布经理。”
**Marcus**: “为了合作,你必须展示自己不懂的地方,这些发生在幕后。奖励模型是所有你信任的东西,我们需要改变它。尽可能多地发表,我们最后会发布,但希望能尽早地释放努力。”
**Luis**: “团队和分享应该优先考虑,红帽可以多向它们强调这一点。”
**Jim**: “还有公司在其中扮演积极角色吗?”
[Phil Shapiro][46]: “我对FOSS的临界点感兴趣。联邦没有改用[LibreOffice][47]把我逼疯了。我们没有在软件上花税款也不应当在字处理软件或者微软的Office上浪费税钱。”
**Jim**: “我们经常提倡这一点。我们能做更多吗?这是个问题。首先,我们在我们的产品涉足的地方取得了进步。我们在政府中有坚实的专营权。我们比私有公司平均话费更多。银行和电信业都和政府挨着。我们在欧洲做的更好,我认为在那工作又更低的税。下一代计算就像‘终结者’,我们到处取得了进步,但仍然需要忧患意识。”
突然门开了。Jim转身向门口站着的执行助理点头。他要去参加下一场会了。他并拢双腿站着向前微倾。然后他再次向每个人的工作和奉献表示感谢微笑着除了门……留给我们更多的激励。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/business/14/12/jim-whitehurst-inspiration-open-source
作者:[Remy][a]
译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译,[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:https://opensource.com/users/remyd
[1]:http://opensource.com/community-moderator-program
[2]:https://twitter.com/jhibbets
[3]:http://opensource.com/
[4]:http://allthingsopen.org/
[5]:http://opensource.com/users/mackanic
[6]:https://twitter.com/JenWike
[7]:http://opensource.com/users/nengard
[8]:http://bywatersolutions.com/
[9]:http://opensource.com/life/13/7/community-spotlight-robin-muilwijk
[10]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hague
[11]:http://www.denhaag.nl/en.htm
[12]:https://twitter.com/mhanwell
[13]:http://www.kitware.com/
[14]:http://www.nvidia.com/gtx-700-graphics-cards/gtx-titan-z/
[15]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General-purpose_computing_on_graphics_processing_units
[16]:https://www.gentoo.org/
[17]:http://kde.org/
[18]:https://twitter.com/philshapiro
[19]:http://opensource.com/community/13/9/contributor-spotlight-joshua-holm
[20]:http://opensource.com/users/melanie
[21]:http://opensource.com/government
[22]:https://twitter.com/jhibbets
[23]:https://twitter.com/markbotech
[24]:http://scottnesbitt.me/
[25]:http://opensource.com/users/luis-ibanez
[26]:http://google.com/
[27]:http://twitter.com/remy_d
[28]:http://foss.rit.edu/
[29]:http://igm.rit.edu/
[30]:http://www.rit.edu/news/story.php?id=50590
[31]:https://twitter.com/jehb
[32]:http://openstack.org/
[33]:https://twitter.com/markbotech
[34]:https://twitter.com/jhibbets
[35]:http://www.redhat.com/en/about/company/management/james-whitehurst
[36]:http://www.bseindia.com/
[37]:http://google.com/
[38]:https://mail.corp.redhat.com/service/home/%7E/Amazon
[39]:https://mail.corp.redhat.com/service/home/%7E/Facebook
[40]:https://hadoop.apache.org/
[41]:https://cassandra.apache.org/
[42]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_printing
[43]:https://twitter.com/mairin
[44]:http://jobs.redhat.com/life-at-red-hat/our-culture/
[45]:http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4300
[46]:https://twitter.com/philshapiro
[47]:http://libreoffice.org/