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https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git
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H-mudcup
commit
5a66c383ba
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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Linux 和类Unix 系统上5个极品的开源软件备份工具
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Linux 和类 Unix 系统上5个最佳开源备份工具
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================================================================================
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一个好的备份最基本的就是为了能够从一些错误中恢复
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一个好的备份最基本的目的就是为了能够从一些错误中恢复：
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- 人为的失误
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- 磁盘阵列或是硬盘故障
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@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Linux 和类Unix 系统上5个极品的开源软件备份工具
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确定你正在部署的软件具有下面的特性
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1. **开源软件** - 你务必要选择那些源码可以免费获得，并且可以修改的软件。确信可以恢复你的数据，即使是软件的供应商或者/或是项目停止继续维护这个软件或者是拒绝继续为这个软件提供补丁。
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1. **开源软件** - 你务必要选择那些源码可以免费获得，并且可以修改的软件。确信可以恢复你的数据，即使是软件供应商/项目停止继续维护这个软件，或者是拒绝继续为这个软件提供补丁。
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2. **跨平台支持** - 确定备份软件可以很好的运行各种需要部署的桌面操作系统和服务器系统。
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@ -21,21 +21,21 @@ Linux 和类Unix 系统上5个极品的开源软件备份工具
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4. **自动转换** - 自动转换本来是没什么，除了对于各种备份设备，包括图书馆，近线存储和自动加载，自动转换可以自动完成一些任务，包括加载，挂载和标签备份像磁带这些媒体设备。
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5. **备份介质** - 确定你可以备份到磁带，硬盘，DVD 和云存储像AWS。
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5. **备份介质** - 确定你可以备份到磁带，硬盘，DVD 和像 AWS 这样的云存储。
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6. **加密数据流** - 确定所有客户端到服务器的传输都被加密，保证在LAN/WAN/Internet 中传输的安全性。
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6. **加密数据流** - 确定所有客户端到服务器的传输都被加密，保证在 LAN/WAN/Internet 中传输的安全性。
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7. **数据库支持** - 确定备份软件可以备份到数据库，像MySQL 或是 Oracle。
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8. **备份可以跨越多个卷** - 备份软件(转存文件)可以把每个备份文件分成几个部分，允许将每个部分存在于不同的卷。这样可以保证一些数据量很大的备份(像100TB的文件)可以被存储在一些比单个部分大的设备中，比如说像硬盘和磁盘卷。
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8. **备份可以跨越多个卷** - 备份软件(转储文件时)可以把每个备份文件分成几个部分，允许将每个部分存在于不同的卷。这样可以保证一些数据量很大的备份(像100TB的文件)可以被存储在一些单个容量较小的设备中，比如说像硬盘和磁盘卷。
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9. **VSS (卷影复制)** - 这是[微软的卷影复制服务（VSS）][1]，通过创建数据的快照来备份。确定备份软件支持VSS的MS-Windows 客户端/服务器。
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10. **重复数据删除** - 这是一种数据压缩技术，用来消除重复数据的副本（比如，图片）。
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11. **许可证和成本** - 确定你[理解和使用的开源许可证][3]下的软件源码你可以得到。
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11. **许可证和成本** - 确定你对备份软件所用的[许可证了解和明白其使用方式][3]。
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12. **商业支持** - 开源软件可以提供社区支持（像邮件列表和论坛）和专业的支持（像发行版提供额外的付费支持）。你可以使用付费的专业支持以培训和咨询为目的。
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12. **商业支持** - 开源软件可以提供社区支持（像邮件列表和论坛）和专业的支持（如发行版提供额外的付费支持）。你可以使用付费的专业支持为你提供培训和咨询。
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13. **报告和警告** - 最后，你必须能够看到备份的报告，当前的工作状态，也能够在备份出错的时候提供警告。
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@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ Linux 和类Unix 系统上5个极品的开源软件备份工具
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### Amanda - 又一个客户端服务器备份工具 ###
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AMANDA 是 Advanced Maryland Automatic Network Disk Archiver 的缩写。它允许系统管理员创建一个单独的服务器来备份网络上的其他主机到磁带驱动器或硬盘或者是自动转换器。
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AMANDA 是 Advanced Maryland Automatic Network Disk Archiver 的缩写。它允许系统管理员创建一个单独的备份服务器来将网络上的其他主机的数据备份到磁带驱动器、硬盘或者是自动换盘器。
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- 操作系统：支持跨平台运行。
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- 备份级别：完全，差异，增量，合并。
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@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ AMANDA 是 Advanced Maryland Automatic Network Disk Archiver 的缩写。它允
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### Backupninja - 轻量级备份系统 ###
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Backupninja 是一个简单易用的备份系统。你可以简单的拖放配置文件到 /etc/backup.d/ 目录来备份多个主机。
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Backupninja 是一个简单易用的备份系统。你可以简单的拖放一个配置文件到 /etc/backup.d/ 目录来备份到多个主机。
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@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ Backupninja 是一个简单易用的备份系统。你可以简单的拖放配
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### Backuppc - 高效的客户端服务器备份工具###
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Backuppc 可以用来备份基于LInux 和Windows 系统的主服务器硬盘。它配备了一个巧妙的池计划来最大限度的减少磁盘储存，磁盘I/O 和网络I/O。
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Backuppc 可以用来备份基于Linux 和Windows 系统的主服务器硬盘。它配备了一个巧妙的池计划来最大限度的减少磁盘储存、磁盘 I/O 和网络I/O。
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@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ Backuppc 可以用来备份基于LInux 和Windows 系统的主服务器硬盘。
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### UrBackup - 最容易配置的客户端服务器系统 ###
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UrBackup 是一个非常容易配置的开源客户端服务器备份系统，通过图像和文件备份的组合完成了数据安全性和快速的恢复。你的文件可以通过Web界面或者是在Windows资源管理器中恢复，而驱动卷的备份用引导CD或者是USB 棒来恢复（逻辑恢复）。一个Web 界面使得配置你自己的备份服务变得非常简单。
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UrBackup 是一个非常容易配置的开源客户端服务器备份系统，通过镜像 方式和文件备份的组合完成了数据安全性和快速的恢复。磁盘卷备份可以使用可引导 CD 或U盘，通过Web界面或Windows资源管理器来恢复你的文件（硬恢复）。一个 Web 界面使得配置你自己的备份服务变得非常简单。
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@ -129,19 +129,19 @@ UrBackup 是一个非常容易配置的开源客户端服务器备份系统，
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### 其他供你考虑的一些极好用的开源备份软件 ###
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Amanda，Bacula 和上面所提到的软件都是功能丰富，但是配置比较复杂对于一些小的网络或者是单独的服务器。我建议你学习和使用一下的备份软件：
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Amanda，Bacula 和上面所提到的这些软件功能都很丰富，但是对于一些小的网络或者是单独的服务器来说配置比较复杂。我建议你学习和使用一下的下面这些备份软件：
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1. [Rsnapshot][10] - 我建议用这个作为对本地和远程的文件系统快照工具。查看[怎么设置和使用这个工具在Debian 和Ubuntu linux][11]和[基于CentOS，RHEL 的操作系统][12]。
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1. [Rsnapshot][10] - 我建议用这个作为对本地和远程的文件系统快照工具。看看[在Debian 和Ubuntu linux][11]和[基于CentOS，RHEL 的操作系统][12]怎么设置和使用这个工具。
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2. [rdiff-backup][13] - 另一个好用的类Unix 远程增量备份工具。
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3. [Burp][14] - Burp 是一个网络备份和恢复程序。它使用了librsync来节省网络流量和节省每个备份占用的空间。它也使用了VSS（卷影复制服务），在备份Windows计算机时进行快照。
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4. [Duplicity][15] - 伟大的加密和高效的备份类Unix操作系统。查看如何[安装Duplicity来加密云备份][16]来获取更多的信息。
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5. [SafeKeep][17] - SafeKeep是一个集中和易于使用的备份应用程序，结合了镜像和增量备份最佳功能的备份应用程序。
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5. [SafeKeep][17] - SafeKeep是一个中心化的、易于使用的备份应用程序，结合了镜像和增量备份最佳功能的备份应用程序。
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6. [DREBS][18] - DREBS 是EBS定期快照的工具。它被设计成在EBS快照所连接的EC2主机上运行。
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7. 古老的unix 程序，像rsync， tar， cpio， mt 和dump。
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###结论###
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我希望你会发现这篇有用的文章来备份你的数据。不要忘了验证你的备份和创建多个数据备份。然而，对于磁盘阵列并不是一个备份解决方案。使用任何一个上面提到的程序来备份你的服务器，桌面和笔记本电脑和私人的移动设备。如果你知道其他任何开源的备份软件我没有提到的，请分享在评论里。
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我希望你会发现这篇有用的文章来备份你的数据。不要忘了验证你的备份和创建多个数据备份。注意，磁盘阵列并不是一个备份解决方案！使用任何一个上面提到的程序来备份你的服务器、桌面和笔记本电脑和私人的移动设备。如果你知道其他任何开源的备份软件我没有提到的，请分享在评论里。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ via: http://www.cyberciti.biz/open-source/awesome-backup-software-for-linux-unix
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作者：[nixCraft][a]
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译者：[barney-ro](https://github.com/barney-ro)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
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Traslated by H-mudcup
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美国海军陆战队想把雷达操作系统从Windows XP换成Linux
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美国海军陆战队要把雷达操作系统从Windows XP换成Linux
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================================================================================
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**一个新的雷达系统已经被送回去升级了**
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@ -18,13 +16,13 @@ Traslated by H-mudcup
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>一谈到稳定性和性能，没什么能真的比得过Linux。这就是为什么美国海军陆战队的领导们已经决定让Northrop Grumman Corp. Electronic Systems把新送到的地面/空中任务导向雷达（G/ATOR）的操作系统从Windows XP换成Linux。
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地面/空中任务导向雷达（G/ATOR）系统已经研制了很多年。很可能在这项工程启动的时候Windows XP被认为是合理的选择。在研制的这段时间，事情发生了变化。微软已经撤销了对Windows XP的支持而且只有极少的几个组织会使用它。操作系统要么升级要么被换掉。在这种情况下，Linux成了合理的选择。特别是当替换的费用很可能远远少于更新的费用。
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地面/空中任务导向雷达（G/ATOR）系统已经研制了很多年。很可能在这项工程启动的时候Windows XP被认为是合理的选择。但在研制的这段时间，事情发生了变化。微软已经撤销了对Windows XP的支持而且只有极少的几个组织会使用它。操作系统要么升级要么被换掉。在这种情况下，Linux成了合理的选择。特别是当替换的费用很可能远远少于更新的费用。
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有个很有趣的地方值得注意一下。地面/空中任务导向雷达（G/ATOR）才刚刚送到美国海军陆战队，但是制造它的公司却还是选择了保留这个过时的操作系统。一定有人注意到的这样一个事实。这是一个糟糕的决定，并且指挥系统已经被告知了可能出现的问题了。
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### G/ATOR雷达的软件将是基于Linux的 ###
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Unix类系统，比如基于BSD或者基于Linux的操作系统，通常会出现在条件苛刻的领域，或者任何情况下都不能失败的的技术中。例如，这就是为什么大多数的服务器都运行着Linux。一个雷达系统配上一个几乎不可能崩溃的操作系统看起来非常相配。
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Unix类系统，比如基于BSD或者基于Linux的操作系统，通常会出现在条件苛刻的领域，或者任何情况下都不允许失败的的技术中。例如，这就是为什么大多数的服务器都运行着Linux。一个雷达系统配上一个几乎不可能崩溃的操作系统看起来非常相配。
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“弗吉尼亚州Quantico海军基地海军陆战队系统司令部的官员，在周三宣布了一项与Northrop Grumman Corp. Electronic Systems在林西科姆高地的部分的总经理签订的价值1020万美元的修正合同。这个合同的修改将包括这样一项，把G/ATOR的控制电脑从微软的Windows XP操作系统换成与国防信息局（DISA）兼容的Linux操作系统。”
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@ -40,7 +38,7 @@ via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/U-S-Marine-Corps-Want-to-Change-OS-for-Radar
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作者：[Silviu Stahie][a]
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译者：[H-mudcup](https://github.com/H-mudcup)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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||||
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||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ via: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/12/government-spying-turla-linux-trojan-fou
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作者：[Joey-Elijah Sneddon][a]
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译者：[Mr小眼儿](http://blog.csdn.net/tinyeyeser)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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@ -1,203 +0,0 @@
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Translating by ZTinoZ
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How to Install Bugzilla 4.4 on Ubuntu / CentOS 6.x
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================================================================================
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Here, we are gonna show you how we can install Bugzilla in an Ubuntu 14.04 or CentOS 6.5/7. Bugzilla is a Free and Open Source Software(FOSS) which is web based bug tracking tool used to log and track defect database, its Bug-tracking systems allow individual or groups of developers effectively to keep track of outstanding problems with their product. Despite being "free", Bugzilla has many features its expensive counterparts lack. Consequently, Bugzilla has quickly become a favorite of thousands of organizations across the globe.
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Bugzilla is very adaptable to various situations. They are used now a days in different IT support queues, Systems Administration deployment management, chip design and development problem tracking (both pre-and-post fabrication), and software and hardware bug tracking for luminaries such as Redhat, NASA, Linux-Mandrake, and VA Systems.
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### 1. Installing dependencies ###
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Setting up Bugzilla is fairly **easy**. This blog is specific to Ubuntu 14.04 and CentOS 6.5 ( though it might work with older versions too )
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In order to get Bugzilla up and running in Ubuntu or CentOS, we are going to install Apache webserver ( SSL enabled ) , MySQL database server and also some tools that are required to install and configure Bugzilla.
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To install Bugzilla in your server, you'll need to have the following components installed:
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- Per l(5.8.1 or above)
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- MySQL
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- Apache2
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- Bugzilla
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- Perl modules
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- Bugzilla using apache
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As we have mentioned that this article explains installation of both Ubuntu 14.04 and CentOS 6.5/7, we will have 2 different sections for them.
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Here are the steps you need to follow to setup Bugzilla in your Ubuntu 14.04 LTS and CentOS 7:
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**Preparing the required dependency packages:**
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You need to install the essential packages by running the following command:
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**For Ubuntu:**
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$ sudo apt-get install apache2 mysql-server libapache2-mod-perl2
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libapache2-mod-perl2-dev libapache2-mod-perl2-doc perl postfix make gcc g++
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**For CentOS:**
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$ sudo yum install httpd mod_ssl mysql-server mysql php-mysql gcc perl* mod_perl-devel
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**Note: Please run all the commands in a shell or terminal and make sure you have root access (sudo) on the machine.**
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### 2. Running Apache server ###
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As you have already installed the apache server from the above step, we need to now configure apache server and run it. We'll need to go for sudo or root mode to get all the commands working so, we'll gonna switch to root access.
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$ sudo -s
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Now, we need to open port 80 in the firewall and need to save the changes.
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# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
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# service iptables save
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Now, we need to run the service:
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For CentOS:
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# service httpd start
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Lets make sure that Apache will restart every time you restart the machine:
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# /sbin/chkconfig httpd on
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For Ubuntu:
|
||||
|
||||
# service apache2 start
|
||||
|
||||
Now, as we have started our apache http server, we will be able to open apache server at IP address of 127.0.0.1 by default.
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. Configuring MySQL Server ###
|
||||
|
||||
Now, we need to start our MySQL server:
|
||||
|
||||
For CentOS:
|
||||
|
||||
# chkconfig mysqld on
|
||||
# service start mysqld
|
||||
|
||||
For Ubuntu:
|
||||
|
||||
# service mysql-server start
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Login with root access to MySQL and create a DB for Bugzilla. Change “mypassword” to anything you want for your mysql password. You will need it later when configuring Bugzilla too.
|
||||
|
||||
For Both CentOS 6.5 and Ubuntu 14.04 Trusty
|
||||
|
||||
# mysql -u root -p
|
||||
|
||||
# password: (You'll need to enter your password)
|
||||
|
||||
# mysql > create database bugs;
|
||||
|
||||
# mysql > grant all on bugs.* to root@localhost identified by "mypassword";
|
||||
|
||||
#mysql > quit
|
||||
|
||||
**Note: Please remember the DB name, passwords for mysql , we'll need it later.**
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. Installing and configuring Bugzilla ###
|
||||
|
||||
Now, as we have all the required packages set and running, we'll want to configure our Bugzilla.
|
||||
|
||||
So, first we'll want to download the latest Bugzilla package, here I am downloading version 4.5.2 .
|
||||
|
||||
To download using wget in a shell or terminal:
|
||||
|
||||
wget http://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/webtools/bugzilla-4.5.2.tar.gz
|
||||
|
||||
You can also download from their official site ie. [http://www.bugzilla.org/download/][1]
|
||||
|
||||
**Extracting and renaming the downloaded bugzilla tarball:**
|
||||
|
||||
# tar zxvf bugzilla-4.5.2.tar.gz -C /var/www/html/
|
||||
|
||||
# cd /var/www/html/
|
||||
|
||||
# mv -v bugzilla-4.5.2 bugzilla
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**Note**: Here, **/var/www/html/bugzilla/** is the directory where we're gonna **host Bugzilla**.
|
||||
|
||||
Now, we'll configure buzilla:
|
||||
|
||||
# cd /var/www/html/bugzilla/
|
||||
|
||||
# ./checksetup.pl --check-modules
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
After the check is done, we will see some missing modules that needs to be installed And that can be installed by the command below:
|
||||
|
||||
# cd /var/www/html/bugzilla
|
||||
# perl install-module.pl --all
|
||||
|
||||
This will take a bit time to download and install all dependencies. Run the **checksetup.pl –check-modules** command again to verify there are nothing left to install.
|
||||
|
||||
Now we'll need to run the below command which will automatically generate a file called “localconfig” in the /var/www/html/bugzilla directory.
|
||||
|
||||
# ./checksetup.pl
|
||||
|
||||
Make sure you input the correct database name, user, and password we created earlier in the localconfig file
|
||||
|
||||
# nano ./localconfig
|
||||
|
||||
# checksetup.pl
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
If all is well, checksetup.pl should now successfully configure Bugzilla.
|
||||
|
||||
Now we need to add Bugzilla to our Apache config file. so, we'll need to open /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf (For CentOS) or etc/apache2/apache2.conf (For Ubuntu) with a text editor:
|
||||
|
||||
For CentOS:
|
||||
|
||||
# nano /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
|
||||
|
||||
For Ubuntu:
|
||||
|
||||
# nano etc/apache2/apache2.conf
|
||||
|
||||
Now, we'll need to configure Apache server we'll need to add the below configuration in the config file:
|
||||
|
||||
<VirtualHost *:80>
|
||||
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/bugzilla/
|
||||
</VirtualHost>
|
||||
|
||||
<Directory /var/www/html/bugzilla>
|
||||
AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
|
||||
Options +Indexes +ExecCGI
|
||||
DirectoryIndex index.cgi
|
||||
AllowOverride Limit FileInfo Indexes
|
||||
</Directory>
|
||||
|
||||
Lastly, we need to edit .htaccess file and comment out “Options -Indexes” line at the top by adding “#”
|
||||
|
||||
Lets restart our apache server and test our installation.
|
||||
|
||||
For CentOS:
|
||||
|
||||
# service httpd restart
|
||||
|
||||
For Ubuntu:
|
||||
|
||||
# service apache2 restart
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Finally, our Bugzilla is ready to get bug reports now in our Ubuntu 14.04 LTS and CentOS 6.5 and you can browse to bugzilla by going to the localhost page ie 127.0.0.1 or to your IP address in your web browser .
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://linoxide.com/tools/install-bugzilla-ubuntu-centos/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Arun Pyasi][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://linoxide.com/author/arunp/
|
||||
[1]:http://www.bugzilla.org/download/
|
||||
@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
|
||||
Vic020
|
||||
|
||||
How To Install Kodi 14 (XBMC) In Ubuntu 14.04 & Linux Mint 17
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
[Kodi][1], formerly and popularly known as XBMC, has [released its latest version 14][2] which is code named Helix. It is fairly easy to **install Kodi 14 in Ubuntu 14.04** thanks to the official PPA provided by XBMC.
|
||||
|
||||
For those who do not know already, Kodi is a media center application available for all major platforms like Windows, Linux, Mac, Android etc. It turns your device in to a full screen media center where you can manage all your music and videos, either on local or on network drive, watch You Tube, [Netflix][3], Hulu, Amazon Prime and other streaming services.
|
||||
|
||||
### Install XBMC 14 Kodi Helix in Ubuntu 14.04, 14.10 and Linux Mint 17 ###
|
||||
|
||||
Thanks to the official PPA, you can easily install Kodi 14 in Ubuntu 14.04, Ubuntu 12.04, Linux Mint 17, Pinguy OS 14.04, Deepin 2014, LXLE 14.04, Linux Lite 2.0, Elementary OS and other Ubuntu based Linux distributions. Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and use the following commands:
|
||||
|
||||
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:team-xbmc/ppa
|
||||
sudo apt-get update
|
||||
sudo apt-get install kodi
|
||||
|
||||
The download size would be around 100 MB, which is not huge in my opinion. To install some encode addons, use the command below:
|
||||
|
||||
sudo apt-get install kodi-audioencoder-* kodi-pvr-*
|
||||
|
||||
#### Remove Kodi 14 from Ubuntu ####
|
||||
|
||||
To uninstall Kodi 14 from your system, use the command below:
|
||||
|
||||
sudo apt-get remove kodi
|
||||
|
||||
You should also remove the PPA from the software sources:
|
||||
|
||||
sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:team-xbmc/ppa
|
||||
|
||||
I hope this quick post helped you to install Kodi 14 in Ubuntu, Linux Mint and other Linux. How do you find Kodi 14 Helix? Do you use some other media center as an alternative to XBMC? Do share your views in the comment section.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://itsfoss.com/install-kodi-14-xbmc-in-ubuntu-14-04-linux-mint-17/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Abhishek][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://itsfoss.com/author/Abhishek/
|
||||
[1]:http://kodi.tv/
|
||||
[2]:http://kodi.tv/kodi-14-0-helix-unwinds/
|
||||
[3]:http://itsfoss.com/watch-netflix-in-ubuntu-14-04/
|
||||
@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
|
||||
How To Install New Fonts In Ubuntu 14.04 and 14.10
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu does come with a bunch of fonts installed by default in it. But at times you might not be satisfied with the available lots of fonts. So, what you can do is to **install additional fonts in Ubuntu 14.04**, 14.10 or any other Linux system such as Linux Mint.
|
||||
|
||||
### Step 1: Get fonts ###
|
||||
|
||||
First and foremost, download your choice of fonts. Now you might be thinking from where can you get new fonts. Don’t worry, a simple Google search will provide you with several websites that have new fonts available for free. You can start with [fonts at Lost Type][1]. [Fonts Squirrel][2] is also a good place to download fonts.
|
||||
|
||||
### Step 2: Install new fonts in Ubuntu ###
|
||||
|
||||
The downloaded fonts might be in a zipped file. Extract it. Most of the fonts are either in [TTF][3] (TrueType Fonts) or in [OTF][4] (OpenType Fonts) format. Whichever it may be, just double click on the font file. It will open it in Font Viewer. In here, you can see the option to install the font in top right corner:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
You won’t really see anything being installed as you see when installing a software. Couple of seconds later, you’ll see the status has been changed to Installed. No prizes for guessing that the font has been now installed.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Once installed, you can see the newly installed fonts in any application that uses fonts such as GIMP, Pinta etc.
|
||||
|
||||
### Step 2: Install several fonts at once in Linux ###
|
||||
|
||||
No, it is not typo. This is still step 2 but just an alternative. The method we saw above to install fonts in Ubuntu is just fine. But there is a little issue with it. What happens when you have like 20 new fonts to install. Installing all these fonts, one by one, by double clicking on them is cumbersome and inconvenient. Don’t you think the same?
|
||||
|
||||
To install several fonts at once in Ubuntu, all you need to do is to create .fonts directory, if it doesn’t exist already, in your Home directory. And extract or copy paste all those TTF or OTF files in this directory.
|
||||
|
||||
Go to your Home directory in File manager. Press Ctrl+H to [show hidden files in Ubuntu][5]. Right click to make a new folder and name it .fonts. That dot at the beginning is important. In Linux, if you put dot ahead of the file name, it hides the file from normal view.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Alternative: ####
|
||||
|
||||
Alternatively, you can install Font Manager application and manage fonts in GUI. To install Font Manager in Ubuntu, open a terminal and use the command below:
|
||||
|
||||
sudo apt-get install font-manager
|
||||
|
||||
Open the Font Manager from Unity Dash. You can see installed fonts and option to install new fonts, remove existing fonts etc here.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
To remove Font Manager, use the command below:
|
||||
|
||||
sudo apt-get remove font-manager
|
||||
|
||||
I hope this quick helped you to install fonts in Ubuntu and other Linux systems. Do let me know if you have questions or suggestions.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://itsfoss.com/install-fonts-ubuntu-1404-1410/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Abhishek][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://itsfoss.com/author/Abhishek/
|
||||
[1]:http://www.losttype.com/browse/
|
||||
[2]:http://www.fontsquirrel.com/
|
||||
[3]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrueType
|
||||
[4]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenType
|
||||
[5]:http://itsfoss.com/hide-folders-and-show-hidden-files-in-ubuntu-beginner-trick/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
|
||||
How to Install SSL on Apache 2.4 in Ubuntu 14.0.4
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
Today I will show you how to install a **SSL certificate** on your personal website or blog, to help secure the communications between your visitors and your website.
|
||||
|
||||
Secure Sockets Layer or SSL, is the standard security technology for creating an encrypted connection between a web server and a web browser. This ensures that all data passed between the web server and the web browser remain private and secure. It is used by millions of websites in the protection of their online communications with their customers. In order to be able to generate an SSL link, a web server requires a SSL Certificate.
|
||||
|
||||
You can create your own SSL Certificate, but it will not be trusted by default in web browsers, to fix this you will have to buy a digital certificate from a trusted Certification Authority (CA), we will show you below how to get the certificate and install it in apache.
|
||||
|
||||
### Generating a Certificate Signing Request ###
|
||||
|
||||
The Certification Authority (CA) will ask you for a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) generated on your web server. This is a simple step and only takes a minute, you will have to run the following command and input the requested information:
|
||||
|
||||
# openssl req -new -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout yourdomainname.key -out yourdomainname.csr
|
||||
|
||||
The output should look something like this:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
This begins the process of generating two files: the Private-Key file for the decryption of your SSL Certificate, and a certificate signing request (CSR) file (used to apply for your SSL Certificate) with apache openssl.
|
||||
|
||||
Depending on the authority you apply to, you will either have to upload your csr file or paste it's content in a web form.
|
||||
|
||||
### Installing the actual certificate in Apache ###
|
||||
|
||||
After the generation process is finished you will receive your new digital certificate, for this article we have used [Comodo SSL][1] and received the certificate in a zip file. To use it in apache you will first have to create a bundle of the certificates you received in the zip file with the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
# cat COMODORSADomainValidationSecureServerCA.crt COMODORSAAddTrustCA.crt AddTrustExternalCARoot.crt > bundle.crt
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Now make sure that the ssl module is loaded in apache by running the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
# a2enmod ssl
|
||||
|
||||
If you get the message "Module ssl already enabled" you are ok, if you get the message "Enabling module ssl." you will also have to run the following command to restart apache:
|
||||
|
||||
# service apache2 restart
|
||||
|
||||
Finally modify your virtual host file (generally found in /etc/apache2/sites-enabled) to look something like this:
|
||||
|
||||
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/
|
||||
ServerName linoxide.com
|
||||
SSLEngine on
|
||||
SSLCertificateFile /usr/local/ssl/crt/yourdomainname.crt
|
||||
SSLCertificateKeyFile /usr/local/ssl/yourdomainname.key
|
||||
SSLCACertificateFile /usr/local/ssl/bundle.crt
|
||||
|
||||
You should now access your website using https://YOURDOMAIN/ (be careful to use 'https' not http) and see the SSL in progress (generally indicated by a lock in your web browser).
|
||||
|
||||
**NOTE:** All the links must now point to https, if some of the content on the website (like images or css files) still point to http links you will get a warning in the browser, to fix this you have to make sure that every link points to https.
|
||||
|
||||
### Redirect HTTP requests to HTTPS version of your website ###
|
||||
|
||||
If you wish to redirect the normal HTTP requests to HTTPS version of your website, add the following text to either the virtual host you wish to apply it to or to the apache.conf if you wish to apply it for all websites hosted on the server:
|
||||
|
||||
RewriteEngine On
|
||||
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off
|
||||
RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI}
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://linoxide.com/ubuntu-how-to/install-ssl-apache-2-4-in-ubuntu/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Adrian Dinu][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://linoxide.com/author/adriand/
|
||||
[1]:https://ssl.comodo.com/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
|
||||
How to Install Scrapy a Web Crawling Tool in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
It is an open source software which is used for extracting the data from websites. Scrapy framework is developed in Python and it perform the crawling job in fast, simple and extensible way. We have created a Virtual Machine (VM) in virtual box and Ubuntu 14.04 LTS is installed on it.
|
||||
|
||||
### Install Scrapy ###
|
||||
|
||||
Scrapy is dependent on Python, development libraries and pip software. Python latest version is pre-installed on Ubuntu. So we have to install pip and python developer libraries before installation of Scrapy.
|
||||
|
||||
Pip is the replacement for easy_install for python package indexer. It is used for installation and management of Python packages. Installation of pip package is shown in Figure 1.
|
||||
|
||||
sudo apt-get install python-pip
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Fig:1 Pip installation
|
||||
|
||||
We have to install python development libraries by using following command. If this package is not installed then installation of scrapy framework generates error about python.h header file.
|
||||
|
||||
sudo apt-get install python-dev
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Fig:2 Python Developer Libraries
|
||||
|
||||
Scrapy framework can be installed either from deb package or source code. However we have installed deb package using pip (Python package manager) which is shown in Figure 3.
|
||||
|
||||
sudo pip install scrapy
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Fig:3 Scrapy Installation
|
||||
|
||||
Scrapy successful installation takes some time which is shown in Figure 4.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Fig:4 Successful installation of Scrapy Framework
|
||||
|
||||
### Data extraction using Scrapy framework ###
|
||||
|
||||
**(Basic Tutorial)**
|
||||
|
||||
We will use Scrapy for the extraction of store names (which are providing Cards) item from fatwallet.com web site. First of all, we created new scrapy project “store_name” using below given command and shown in Figure 5.
|
||||
|
||||
$sudo scrapy startproject store_name
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Fig:5 Creation of new project in Scrapy Framework
|
||||
|
||||
Above command creates a directory with title “store_name” at current path. This main directory of the project contains files/folders which are shown in the following Figure 6.
|
||||
|
||||
$sudo ls –lR store_name
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Fig:6 Contents of store_name project.
|
||||
|
||||
A brief description of each file/folder is given below;
|
||||
|
||||
- scrapy.cfg is the project configuration file
|
||||
- store_name/ is another directory inside the main directory. This directory contains python code of the project.
|
||||
- store_name/items.py contains those items which will be extracted by the spider.
|
||||
- store_name/pipelines.py is the pipelines file.
|
||||
- Setting of store_name project is in store_name/settings.py file.
|
||||
- and the store_name/spiders/ directory, contains spider for the crawling
|
||||
|
||||
As we are interested to extract the store names of the Cards from fatwallet.com site, so we updated the contents of the file as shown below.
|
||||
|
||||
import scrapy
|
||||
|
||||
class StoreNameItem(scrapy.Item):
|
||||
|
||||
name = scrapy.Field() # extract the names of Cards store
|
||||
|
||||
After this, we have to write new spider under store_name/spiders/ directory of the project. Spider is python class which consist of following mandatory attributes :
|
||||
|
||||
1. Name of the spider (name )
|
||||
1. Starting url of spider for crawling (start_urls)
|
||||
1. And parse method which consist of regex for the extraction of desired items from the page response. Parse method is the important part of spider.
|
||||
|
||||
We created spider “store_name.py” under store_name/spiders/ directory and added following python code for the extraction of store name from fatwallet.com site. The output of the spider is written in the file (**StoreName.txt**) which is shown in Figure 7.
|
||||
|
||||
from scrapy.selector import Selector
|
||||
from scrapy.spider import BaseSpider
|
||||
from scrapy.http import Request
|
||||
from scrapy.http import FormRequest
|
||||
import re
|
||||
class StoreNameItem(BaseSpider):
|
||||
name = "storename"
|
||||
allowed_domains = ["fatwallet.com"]
|
||||
start_urls = ["http://fatwallet.com/cash-back-shopping/"]
|
||||
|
||||
def parse(self,response):
|
||||
output = open('StoreName.txt','w')
|
||||
resp = Selector(response)
|
||||
|
||||
tags = resp.xpath('//tr[@class="storeListRow"]|\
|
||||
//tr[@class="storeListRow even"]|\
|
||||
//tr[@class="storeListRow even last"]|\
|
||||
//tr[@class="storeListRow last"]').extract()
|
||||
for i in tags:
|
||||
i = i.encode('utf-8', 'ignore').strip()
|
||||
store_name = ''
|
||||
if re.search(r"class=\"storeListStoreName\">.*?<",i,re.I|re.S):
|
||||
store_name = re.search(r"class=\"storeListStoreName\">.*?<",i,re.I|re.S).group()
|
||||
store_name = re.search(r">.*?<",store_name,re.I|re.S).group()
|
||||
store_name = re.sub(r'>',"",re.sub(r'<',"",store_name,re.I))
|
||||
store_name = re.sub(r'&',"&",re.sub(r'&',"&",store_name,re.I))
|
||||
#print store_name
|
||||
output.write(store_name+""+"\n")
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Fig:7 Output of the Spider code .
|
||||
|
||||
*NOTE: The purpose of this tutorial is only the understanding of Scrapy Framework*
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://linoxide.com/ubuntu-how-to/scrapy-install-ubuntu/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[nido][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://linoxide.com/author/naveeda/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
|
||||
Interface (NICs) Bonding in Linux using nmcli
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
Today, we'll learn how to perform Interface (NICs) bonding in our CentOS 7.x using nmcli (Network Manager Command Line Interface).
|
||||
|
||||
NICs (Interfaces) bonding is a method for linking **NICs** together logically to allow fail-over or higher throughput. One of the ways to increase the network availability of a server is by using multiple network interfaces. The Linux bonding driver provides a method for aggregating multiple network interfaces into a single logical bonded interface. It is a new implementation that does not affect the older bonding driver in linux kernel; it offers an alternate implementation.
|
||||
|
||||
**NIC bonding is done to provide two main benefits for us:**
|
||||
|
||||
1. **High bandwidth**
|
||||
1. **Redundancy/resilience**
|
||||
|
||||
Now lets configure NICs bonding in CentOS 7. We'll need to decide which interfaces that we would like to configure a Team interface.
|
||||
|
||||
run **ip link** command to check the available interface in the system.
|
||||
|
||||
$ ip link
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Here we are using **eno16777736** and **eno33554960** NICs to create a team interface in **activebackup** mode.
|
||||
|
||||
Use **nmcli** command to create a connection for the network team interface,with the following syntax.
|
||||
|
||||
# nmcli con add type team con-name CNAME ifname INAME [config JSON]
|
||||
|
||||
Where **CNAME** will be the name used to refer the connection ,**INAME** will be the interface name and **JSON** (JavaScript Object Notation) specifies the runner to be used.**JSON** has the following syntax:
|
||||
|
||||
'{"runner":{"name":"METHOD"}}'
|
||||
|
||||
where **METHOD** is one of the following: **broadcast, activebackup, roundrobin, loadbalance** or **lacp**.
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. Creating Team Interface ###
|
||||
|
||||
Now let us create the team interface. here is the command we used to create the team interface.
|
||||
|
||||
# nmcli con add type team con-name team0 ifname team0 config '{"runner":{"name":"activebackup"}}'
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
run **# nmcli con show** command to verify the team configuration.
|
||||
|
||||
# nmcli con show
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. Adding Slave Devices ###
|
||||
|
||||
Now lets add the slave devices to the master team0. here is the syntax for adding the slave devices.
|
||||
|
||||
# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name CNAME ifname INAME master TEAM
|
||||
|
||||
Here we are adding **eno16777736** and **eno33554960** as slave devices for **team0** interface.
|
||||
|
||||
# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno16777736 master team0
|
||||
|
||||
# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname eno33554960 master team0
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Verify the connection configuration using **#nmcli con show** again. now we could see the slave configuration.
|
||||
|
||||
#nmcli con show
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. Assigning IP Address ###
|
||||
|
||||
All the above command will create the required configuration files under **/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/**.
|
||||
|
||||
Lets assign an IP address to this team0 interface and enable the connection now. Here is the command to perform the IP assignment.
|
||||
|
||||
# nmcli con mod team0 ipv4.addresses "192.168.1.24/24 192.168.1.1"
|
||||
# nmcli con mod team0 ipv4.method manual
|
||||
# nmcli con up team0
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. Verifying the Bonding ###
|
||||
|
||||
Verify the IP address information in **#ip add show team0** command.
|
||||
|
||||
#ip add show team0
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Now lets check the **activebackup** configuration functionality using the **teamdctl** command.
|
||||
|
||||
# teamdctl team0 state
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Now lets disconnect the active port and check the state again. to confirm whether the active backup configuration is working as expected.
|
||||
|
||||
# nmcli dev dis eno33554960
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
disconnected the active port and now check the state again using **#teamdctl team0 state**.
|
||||
|
||||
# teamdctl team0 state
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Yes its working cool !! we will connect the disconnected connection back to team0 using the following command.
|
||||
|
||||
#nmcli dev con eno33554960
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
We have one more command called **teamnl** let us show some options with **teamnl** command.
|
||||
|
||||
to check the ports in team0 run the following command.
|
||||
|
||||
# teamnl team0 ports
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Display currently active port of **team0**.
|
||||
|
||||
# teamnl team0 getoption activeport
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Hurray, we have successfully configured NICs bonding :-) Please share feedback if any.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://linoxide.com/linux-command/interface-nics-bonding-linux/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Arun Pyasi][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://linoxide.com/author/arunp/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
|
||||
如何在Ubuntu / CentOS 6.x上安装Bugzilla 4.4
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
这里，我们将展示如何在一台Ubuntu 14.04或CentOS 6.5/7上安装Bugzilla。Bugzilla是一款基于web，用来记录跟踪缺陷数据库的bug跟踪软件，它同时是一款免费及开源软件(FOSS)，它的bug跟踪系统允许个人和开发团体有效地记录下他们产品的一些突出问题。尽管是"免费"的，Bugzilla依然有很多其它同类产品所没有的“珍贵”特性。因此，Bugzilla很快就变成了全球范围内数以千计的组织最喜欢的bug管理工具。
|
||||
|
||||
Bugzilla对于不同状况的适应能力非常强。如今它们应用在各个不同的IT领域，系统管理员部署管理、芯片设计和部署问题跟踪(制作前后),还有为那些诸如Redhat，NASA，Linux-Mandrake和VA Systems这些名家提供软硬件bug跟踪。
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. 安装依赖程序 ###
|
||||
|
||||
安装Bugzilla相当**简单**。这篇文章特别针对Ubuntu 14.04和CentOS 6.5两个版本(不过也适用于更老的版本)。
|
||||
|
||||
为了获取并能在Ubuntu或CentOS系统中运行Bugzilla，我们要安装Apache网络服务器(允许SSL)，MySQL数据库服务器和一些需要来安装并配置Bugzilla的工具。
|
||||
|
||||
要在你的服务器上安装使用Bugzilla，你需要安装好以下程序：
|
||||
|
||||
- Perl(5.8.1 或以上)
|
||||
- MySQL
|
||||
- Apache2
|
||||
- Bugzilla
|
||||
- Perl模块
|
||||
- 使用apache的Bugzilla
|
||||
|
||||
正如我们所提到的本文会阐述Ubuntu 14.04和CentOS 6.5/7两种发行版的安装过程，为此我们会分成两部分来表示。
|
||||
|
||||
以下就是在你的Ubuntu 14.04 LTS和CentOS 7机器安装Bugzilla的步骤：
|
||||
|
||||
**准备所需的依赖包：**
|
||||
|
||||
你需要运行以下命令来安装些必要的包：
|
||||
|
||||
**Ubuntu版本:**
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install apache2 mysql-server libapache2-mod-perl2
|
||||
libapache2-mod-perl2-dev libapache2-mod-perl2-doc perl postfix make gcc g++
|
||||
|
||||
**CentOS版本:**
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo yum install httpd mod_ssl mysql-server mysql php-mysql gcc perl* mod_perl-devel
|
||||
|
||||
**注意：请在shell或者终端下运行所有的命令并且确保你用root用户（sudo）连接机器。**
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. 启动Apache服务 ###
|
||||
|
||||
你已经按照以上步骤安装好了apache服务，那么我们现在需要配置apache服务并运行它。我们需要用sodo或root来敲命令去完成它，我们先切换到root连接。
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo -s
|
||||
|
||||
我们需要在防火墙中打开80端口并保存改动。
|
||||
|
||||
# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
|
||||
# service iptables save
|
||||
|
||||
现在，我们需要启动服务:
|
||||
|
||||
CentOS版本:
|
||||
|
||||
# service httpd start
|
||||
|
||||
我们来确保Apache会在每次你重启机器的时候一并启动起来：
|
||||
|
||||
# /sbin/chkconfig httpd on
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu版本:
|
||||
|
||||
# service apache2 start
|
||||
|
||||
现在，由于我们已经启动了我们apache的http服务，我们就能在默认的127.0.0.1地址下打开apache服务了。
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. 配置MySQL服务器 ###
|
||||
|
||||
现在我们需要启动我们的MySQL服务：
|
||||
|
||||
CentOS版本:
|
||||
|
||||
# chkconfig mysqld on
|
||||
# service start mysqld
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu版本:
|
||||
|
||||
# service mysql-server start
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
用root用户登录连接MySQL并给Bugzilla创建一个数据库，把你的mysql密码更改成你想要的，稍后配置Bugzilla的时候会用到它。
|
||||
|
||||
CentOS 6.5和Ubuntu 14.04 Trusty两个版本：
|
||||
|
||||
# mysql -u root -p
|
||||
|
||||
# password: (You'll need to enter your password)
|
||||
|
||||
# mysql > create database bugs;
|
||||
|
||||
# mysql > grant all on bugs.* to root@localhost identified by "mypassword";
|
||||
|
||||
#mysql > quit
|
||||
|
||||
**注意：请记住数据库名和mysql的密码，我们稍后会用到它们。**
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. 安装并配置Bugzilla ###
|
||||
|
||||
现在，我们所有需要的包已经设置完毕并运行起来了，我们就要配置我们的Bugzilla。
|
||||
|
||||
那么，首先我们要下载最新版的Bugzilla包，这里我下载的是4.5.2版本。
|
||||
|
||||
使用wget工具在shell或终端上下载：
|
||||
|
||||
wget http://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/webtools/bugzilla-4.5.2.tar.gz
|
||||
|
||||
你也可以从官方网站进行下载。[http://www.bugzilla.org/download/][1]
|
||||
|
||||
**从下载下来的bugzilla压缩包中提取文件并重命名：**
|
||||
|
||||
# tar zxvf bugzilla-4.5.2.tar.gz -C /var/www/html/
|
||||
|
||||
# cd /var/www/html/
|
||||
|
||||
# mv -v bugzilla-4.5.2 bugzilla
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**注意**：这里,**/var/www/html/bugzilla/**就是**Bugzilla主目录**.
|
||||
|
||||
现在，我们来配置buzilla：
|
||||
|
||||
# cd /var/www/html/bugzilla/
|
||||
|
||||
# ./checksetup.pl --check-modules
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
检查完成之后，我们会发现缺少了一些组件，我们需要安装它们，用以下命令即可实现：
|
||||
|
||||
# cd /var/www/html/bugzilla
|
||||
# perl install-module.pl --all
|
||||
|
||||
这一步会花掉一点时间去下载安装所有依赖程序，然后再次运行**checksetup.pl --check-modules**命令来验证有没有漏装什么。
|
||||
|
||||
现在我们需要运行以下这条命令，它会在/var/www/html/bugzilla路径下自动生成一个名为localconfig的文件。
|
||||
|
||||
# ./checksetup.pl
|
||||
|
||||
确认一下你刚才在localconfig文件中所输入的数据库名、用户和密码是否正确。
|
||||
|
||||
# nano ./localconfig
|
||||
|
||||
# checksetup.pl
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
如果一切正常，checksetup.pl现在应该就成功地配置Bugzilla了。
|
||||
|
||||
现在我们需要添加Bugzilla至我们的Apache配置文件中。那么，我们需要用文本编辑器打开 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 文件(CentOS版本)或者 /etc/apache2/apache2.conf 文件(Ubuntu版本)：
|
||||
|
||||
CentOS版本:
|
||||
|
||||
# nano /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu版本:
|
||||
|
||||
# nano etc/apache2/apache2.conf
|
||||
|
||||
现在，我们需要配置Apache服务器，我们要把以下配置添加到配置文件里：
|
||||
|
||||
<VirtualHost *:80>
|
||||
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/bugzilla/
|
||||
</VirtualHost>
|
||||
|
||||
<Directory /var/www/html/bugzilla>
|
||||
AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
|
||||
Options +Indexes +ExecCGI
|
||||
DirectoryIndex index.cgi
|
||||
AllowOverride Limit FileInfo Indexes
|
||||
</Directory>
|
||||
|
||||
接着，我们需要编辑 .htaccess 文件并用“#”注释掉顶部“Options -Indexes”这一行。
|
||||
|
||||
让我们重启我们的apache服务并测试下我们的安装情况。
|
||||
|
||||
CentOS版本:
|
||||
|
||||
# service httpd restart
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu版本:
|
||||
|
||||
# service apache2 restart
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
这样，我们的Bugzilla就准备好在我们的Ubuntu 14.04 LTS和CentOS 6.5上获取bug报告了，你就可以通过本地回环地址或你网页浏览器上的IP地址来浏览bugzilla了。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://linoxide.com/tools/install-bugzilla-ubuntu-centos/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Arun Pyasi][a]
|
||||
译者：[ZTinoZ](https://github.com/ZTinoZ)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://linoxide.com/author/arunp/
|
||||
[1]:http://www.bugzilla.org/download/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
|
||||
Ubuntu14.04或Mint17如何安装Kodi14（XBMC）
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
[Kodi][1]，原名就是大名鼎鼎的XBMC，发布[最新版本14][2]，命名为Helix。感谢官方XMBC提供的PPA，现在可以很简单地在Ubuntu14.04中安装了。
|
||||
|
||||
Kodi是一个优秀的自由和开源的（GPL）媒体中心软件，支持所有平台，如Windows, Linux, Mac, Android等。此软件拥有全屏幕的媒体中心，可以管理所有音乐和视频，不单支持本地文件还支持网络播放，如Tube，[Netflix][3], Hulu, Amazon Prime和其他串流服务商。
|
||||
|
||||
### Ubuntu 14.04, 14.10 和 Linux Mint 17 中安装XBMC 14 Kodi Helix ###
|
||||
|
||||
再次感谢官方的PPA，让我们可以轻松安装Kodi 14。
|
||||
支持Ubuntu 14.04, Ubuntu 12.04, Linux Mint 17, Pinguy OS 14.04, Deepin 2014, LXLE 14.04, Linux Lite 2.0, Elementary OS and 其他基于Ubuntu的Linux 发行版。
|
||||
打开终端（Ctrl+Alt+T）然后使用下列命令。
|
||||
|
||||
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:team-xbmc/ppa
|
||||
sudo apt-get update
|
||||
sudo apt-get install kodi
|
||||
|
||||
需要下载大约100MB，在我的观点这不是很大。若需安装解码插件，使用下列命令：
|
||||
|
||||
sudo apt-get install kodi-audioencoder-* kodi-pvr-*
|
||||
|
||||
#### 从Ubuntu中移除Kodi 14 ####
|
||||
|
||||
从系统中移除Kodi 14 ，使用下列命令：
|
||||
|
||||
sudo apt-get remove kodi
|
||||
|
||||
同样也应该移除PPA软件源：
|
||||
|
||||
sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:team-xbmc/ppa
|
||||
|
||||
我希望这个简单的文章可以帮助到你，在Ubuntu, Linux Mint 和其他 Linux版本中轻松安装Kodi 14。
|
||||
你怎么发现Kodi 14 Helix?
|
||||
你有没有使用其他的什么媒体中心？
|
||||
可以在下面的评论区分享你的观点。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://itsfoss.com/install-kodi-14-xbmc-in-ubuntu-14-04-linux-mint-17/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Abhishek][a]
|
||||
译者：[Vic020/VicYu](http://www.vicyu.net)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://itsfoss.com/author/Abhishek/
|
||||
[1]:http://kodi.tv/
|
||||
[2]:http://kodi.tv/kodi-14-0-helix-unwinds/
|
||||
[3]:http://itsfoss.com/watch-netflix-in-ubuntu-14-04/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
|
||||
如何在Ubuntu 14.04 和14.10 上安装新的字体
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu默认自带了很多字体。但你或许对这些字体还不满意。因此，你可以做的是在**Ubuntu 14.04、 14.10或者像Linux Mint其他的系统中安装额外的字体**。
|
||||
|
||||
### 第一步: 获取字体 ###
|
||||
|
||||
第一步也是最重要的，下载你选择的字体。现在你或许在考虑从哪里下载字体。不要担心，Google搜索可以给你提供几个免费的字体网站。你可以先去看看[ Lost Type 的字体][1]。[Squirrel的字体][2]同样也是一个下载字体的好地方。
|
||||
|
||||
### 第二步：在Ubuntu中安装新字体 ###
|
||||
|
||||
Font Viewer. In here, you can see the option to install the font in top right corner:
|
||||
下载的字体文件可能是一个压缩包。先解压它。大多数字体文件的格式是[TTF][3] (TrueType Fonts) 或者[OTF][4] (OpenType Fonts)。无论是哪种，只要双击字体文件。它会自动用字体查看器打开。这里你可以在右上角看到安装安装选项。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
在安装字体时不会看到其他信息。几秒钟后，你会看到状态变成已安装。不用猜，这就是已安装的字体。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
安装完毕后，你就可以在GIMP、Pina等应用中看到你新安装的字体了。
|
||||
|
||||
### 第二步：在Linux上一次安装几个字体 ###
|
||||
|
||||
我没有打错。这仍旧是第二步但是只是是一个备选方案。我上面看到的在Ubuntu中安装字体的方法是不错的。但是这有一个小问题。当你有20个新字体要安装时。一个个单独双击即繁琐又麻烦。你不这么认为么？
|
||||
|
||||
要在Ubuntu中一次安装几个字体，你要做的是创建一个.fonts文件夹，如果在你的家目录下还不存在这个目录的话。并把解压后的TTF和OTF文件复制到这个文件夹内。
|
||||
|
||||
在文件管理器中进入家目录。按下Ctrl+H [显示Ubuntu中的隐藏文件][5]。 右键创建一个文件夹并命名为.fonts。 这里的点很重要。在Linux中，在文件的前面加上点意味在普通的视图中都会隐藏。
|
||||
|
||||
#### 备选方案： ####
|
||||
|
||||
另外你可以安装字体管理程序来以GUI的形式管理字体。要在Ubuntu中安装字体管理程序，打开终端并输入下面的命令：
|
||||
|
||||
sudo apt-get install font-manager
|
||||
|
||||
Open the Font Manager from Unity Dash. You can see installed fonts and option to install new fonts, remove existing fonts etc here.
|
||||
从Unity Dash中打开字体管理器。你可以看到已安装的字体和安装新字体、删除字体等选项。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
要卸载字体管理器，使用下面的命令：
|
||||
|
||||
sudo apt-get remove font-manager
|
||||
|
||||
我希望这篇文章可以帮助你在Ubuntu或其他Linux系统上安装字体。如果你有任何问题或建议请让我知道。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://itsfoss.com/install-fonts-ubuntu-1404-1410/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Abhishek][a]
|
||||
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://itsfoss.com/author/Abhishek/
|
||||
[1]:http://www.losttype.com/browse/
|
||||
[2]:http://www.fontsquirrel.com/
|
||||
[3]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrueType
|
||||
[4]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenType
|
||||
[5]:http://itsfoss.com/hide-folders-and-show-hidden-files-in-ubuntu-beginner-trick/
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user