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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (lxbwolf)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (How to Find High CPU Consumption Processes in Linux)
[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/how-to-find-high-cpu-consumption-processes-in-linux/)
[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: "lxbwolf"
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
[#]: subject: "How to Find High CPU Consumption Processes in Linux"
[#]: via: "https://www.2daygeek.com/how-to-find-high-cpu-consumption-processes-in-linux/"
[#]: author: "Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/"
How to Find High CPU Consumption Processes in Linux
Linux 中怎么找出 CPU 占用高的进程
======
We have already described in our previous article **[how to find high memory consumption processes in Linux][1]**.
在之前的文章中我们已经讨论过 [Linux 中怎么找出消耗内存高的进程][1] 。你可能也会遇到在 Linux 系统中找出 CPU 占用高的进程的情形。如果是这样，那么你需要列出系统中 CPU 占用高的进程的列表来确定。我认为只有两种方法能实现：使用 [top 命令][2] 和 [ps 命令][3]。出于一些理由，我更倾向于用 top 命令而不是 ps 命令。但是两个工具都能达到你要的目的，所以你可以根据需求决定使用哪个。这两个工具都被 Linux 系统管理员广泛使用。
There are situations where you might see more CPU usage on a Linux system.
### 1) 怎样使用 top 命令找出 Linux 中 CPU 占用高的进程
If so, you should identify a list of processes that consume more CPU on the system.
I believe there are only two ways for you to check this.
This can be done using the **[top command][2]** and the **[ps command][3]**.
I’d like to go with the top command for most reasons instead of ps.
But both will give you the same results, so you can choose the one you like.
Both of these options are widely used by Linux administrators.
### 1) How to Find High CPU Consumption Process in Linux Using the top Command
The Linux top command is the best and most well known command that everyone uses to monitor Linux system performance.
The top command provides a dynamic real-time view of the running process on a Linux system.
It display system summary information, the list of processes currently being managed by the Linux kernel.
It displays various system information such as CPU usage, Memory usage, Swap Memory, Number of running processes, system uptime, system load, Buffer Size, Cache Size, Process PID, etc.
By default, it sorts the top output with the CPU usage and updates the top command data every 5 seconds.
If you want to see a clear view of the top command output for further analysis, this is a best way to **[run the top command in the batch mode][4]**.
Also, you need to **[understand the top command output][5]** to fix the performance problem on the system.
在所有监控 Linux 系统性能的工具中，Linux 的 top 命令是最好的也是最知名的。top 命令提供了 Linux 系统运行中的进程的动态实时视图。它能显示系统的概览信息，和 Linux 内核当前管理的进程列表。它显示了大量的系统信息，如 CPU 使用，内存使用，交换内存，运行的进程数，目前系统开机时间，系统负载，缓冲区大小，缓存大小，进程 PID等等。默认情况下，top 命令的输出结果按 CPU 占用进行排序，每 5 秒中更新一次结果。如果你想要一个更清晰的视图来更深入的分析结果，[以批次档模式运行 top 命令][4] 是最好的方法。同时，你需要 [理解 top 命令输出结果的含义][5] ，这样才能解决系统的性能问题。
```
# top -c -b | head -50
# top -b | head -50
top - 00:19:17 up 14:23, 1 user, load average: 2.46, 2.18, 1.97
Tasks: 306 total, 1 running, 305 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
@ -71,30 +45,30 @@ PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
3286 daygeek 20 3089736 404088 184968 S 1.0 2.5 41:57.44 Web Content
```
Details of the above command:
上面的命令的各部分解释：
* **top :** This is a command.
* **-b :** Batch mode.
* **head -50:** Display first 50 lines in the output.
* **PID :** Unique ID of the process.
* **USER :** Owner of the process.
* **PR :** priority of the process.
* **NI :** The NICE value of the process.
* **VIRT :** How much virtual memory used by the process.
* **RES :** How much physical memory used by the process.
* **SHR :** How much shared memory used by the process.
* **S :** This indicates the status of the process: S=sleep R=running Z=zombie.
* **%CPU :** The percentage of CPU used by the process.
* **%MEM :** The percentage of RAM used by the process.
* **TIME+ :** How long the process being running.
* **COMMAND :** Name of the process.
* **top :** 命令
* **-b :** 批次档模式
* **head -50:** 显示输出结果的前 50 个
* **PID :** 进程的 ID
* **USER :** 进程的归属者
* **PR :** 进程的等级
* **NI :** 进程的 NICE 值
* **VIRT :** 进程使用的虚拟内存
* **RES :** 进程使用的物理内存
* **SHR :** 进程使用的共享内存
* **S :** 这个值表示进程的状态: S=睡眠 R=运行 Z=僵尸进程
* **%CPU :** 进程占用的 CPU 比例
* **%MEM :** 进程使用的 RAM 比例
* **TIME+ :** 进程运行了多长时间
* **COMMAND :** 进程名字
If you want to see the full path of the command instead of the command name, run the following top command format.
如果你想看命令的完整路径而不是命令名字，以运行下面的格式 top 命令：
```
# top -b | head -50
# top -c -b | head -50
top - 00:28:49 up 14:33, 1 user, load average: 2.43, 2.49, 2.23
Tasks: 305 total, 1 running, 304 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
@ -123,11 +97,9 @@ PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
2179 daygeek 20 2945348 429644 172940 S 1.0 2.6 15:20.90 /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 6 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 7821 -prefMapSize 213431 -parentBuildID 20191031132559 -greomni /us+
```
### 2) How to Find High CPU Consumption Process in Linux Using the ps Command
### 2) 怎样使用 ps 命令找出 Linux 中 CPU 占用高的进程
ps stands for processes status, it display the information about the active/running processes on the system.
It provides a snapshot of the current processes along with detailed information like username, user id, cpu usage, memory usage, process start date and time command name etc.
ps 是 `process status`（进程状态）的缩写，它能显示系统中活跃的/运行中的进程的信息。它提供了当前进程及其详细信息，诸如用户名、用户 ID、CPU 使用率、内存使用、进程启动日期时间、命令名等等的快照。
```
# ps -eo pid,ppid,%mem,%cpu,cmd --sort=-%cpu | head
@ -144,22 +116,22 @@ It provides a snapshot of the current processes along with detailed information
2179 1714 2.7 1.8 /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 6 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 7821 -prefMapSize 213431 -parentBuildID 20191031132559 -greomni /usr/lib/firefox/omni.ja -appomni /usr/lib/firefox/browser/omni.ja -appdir /usr/lib/firefox/browser 1714 true tab
```
Details of the above command:
上面的命令的各部分解释：
* **ps :** This is a command.
* **-e :** Select all processes.
* **-o :** To customize a output format.
* **–sort=-%cpu :** Sort the ouput based on CPU usage.
* **head :** To display first 10 lines of the output
* **PID :** Unique ID of the process.
* **PPID :** Unique ID of the parent process.
* **%MEM :** The percentage of RAM used by the process.
* **%CPU :** The percentage of CPU used by the process.
* **Command :** Name of the process.
* **ps :** 命令名字
* **-e :** 选择所有进程
* **-o :** 自定义输出格式
* **–sort=-%cpu :** 基于 CPU 使用率对输出结果排序
* **head :** 显示结果的前 10 行
* **PID :** 进程的 ID
* **PPID :** 父进程的 ID
* **%MEM :** 进程使用的 RAM 比例
* **%CPU :** 进程占用的 CPU 比例
* **Command :** 进程名字
If you only want to see the command name instead of the absolute path of the command, use the ps command format below.
如果你只想看命令名字而不是命令的绝对路径，以运行下面的格式 ps 命令：
```
# ps -eo pid,ppid,%mem,%cpu,comm --sort=-%cpu | head
@ -182,7 +154,7 @@ via: https://www.2daygeek.com/how-to-find-high-cpu-consumption-processes-in-linu
作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
译者：[lxbwolf](https://github.com/lxbwolf)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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