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[translated]Ubuntu-\342\200\230Spyware\342\200\231-Will-Be-Disabled-In-Ubuntu-16.04-LTS
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Ubuntu ‘Spyware’ Will Be Disabled In Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
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Controversial feature scaled back to help boost Ubuntu's privacy credentials
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**Unity’s controversial online search feature is being disabled by default in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS, due for release in April.**
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Search terms typed into the Unity 7 Dash search bar will **only show local file, folder and app results**. No search terms will be sent to Canonical or passed to third party results providers, as is currently the case.
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> ‘Unity online searches are now turned off by default.’
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In currently supported versions of Ubuntu the Dash sends search queries the user enters to a remote web server run by Canonical, the company behind Ubuntu.
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No user-identifiable data is included with these queries, which are used to retrieve contextually relevant results from over 50 online services, including Wikipedia, YouTube and The Weather Channel.
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A switch to disable online search entirely is available in Ubuntu through the **Ubuntu System Settings > Privacy pane**.
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But some in the open-source community object to the feature being turned on by default.
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### Ubuntu Online Search Controversy ###
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> ‘Richard Stallman describes the feature as ‘spyware”
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Boiling over since 2012, the open-source community was quick to express concerns about user privacy in the wake of Ubuntu Amazon integration. Concerns continued with the rollout of the comprehensive ‘Smart Scopes Service’ a year later.
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The furore was so big it led free software stalwart [Richard Stallman to call Ubuntu ‘spyware’][1].
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[The Electronic Frontier Foundation][2] also shared its concerns in a series of blog posts and suggested that Canonical make the feature opt-in. Privacy International went further than most by awarding Ubuntu’s makers a ‘[Big Brother award][3]‘ for work on, quote: “invading personal privacy”.
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[Canonical][4] maintains that the data collected through Unity’s online search feature is anonymised and “not user-identifiable”.
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In [blog post from 2013 the company explains][5] that it “**make[s] users aware of what data will be collected and which third party services will be queried through a notice right in the Dash, and we only collect data that allows us to deliver a great search experience to Ubuntu users.**”
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### Ubuntu Gets Serious About Data Privacy ###
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Canonical disabled Amazon product results on fresh installs of Ubuntu 14.04 LTS and up (though results from other online sources and services continue to appear until the opt-out is chosen).
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For the next LTS, Ubuntu 16.04, Canonical curtails the contentious online searching feature entirely, right out of the box, just like the EFF asked them to do in 2012.
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“None of your search terms will leave your computer,” [Ubuntu desktop manager Will Cooke][6] explains, noting that the “finer control over what is searched and [the] more targeted results” that Unity 8 offers “cannot be added into Unity 7.”
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It’s for this reason that “the online search features [of Unity 7] will be retired.”
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The change will also lower the support and infrastructure burden of Unity 7. With fewer Unity search results to handle Canonical can redirect time and engineering effort to more exciting avenues, like the promising Unity 8 desktop.
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### You Will Need to Opt-In To Get Online Results ###
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Privacy settings in Ubuntu let you opt in to seeing online results
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The decision to disable the online search element of the Ubuntu desktop will be greeted with considerable cheer by many in the open-source and free software communities.
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But not everyone is antagonised by the semantic search skills being served up in the Dash.
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If you think you’ll miss the efficiency of searching and previewing weather, news and other content through the Dash, **you can re-enable online search results** in a couple of clicks. Just head to Ubuntu **System Settings > Privacy > Search** and set the slider to ‘**On**‘.
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Flicking this won’t automatically bring back Amazon product results. The ‘shopping lens’ is decoupled from the opt-in toggle. You’ll need to okay a second opt-in to see product results from Amazon (and Skimlinks).
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### Summary ###
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- Ubuntu 16.04 LTS will no longer search online sources in the Dash by default
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- Online results can be turned back on manually using a toggle
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- A second opt-in allows Amazon product results
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- The change only affects new installs. In-place upgrades will retain user preferences
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Do you agree with this decision? Or is Canonical about to reduce the experience of Ubuntu for new users? Let us know in the comments.
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via: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2016/01/ubuntu-online-search-feature-disabled-16-04
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作者：[Joey-Elijah Sneddon][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://plus.google.com/117485690627814051450/?rel=author
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[1]:http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2012/12/richard-stallman-calls-ubuntu-spyware-because-it-tracks-searches/?utm_source=omgubuntu
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[2]:https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2012/10/privacy-ubuntu-1210-amazon-ads-and-data-leaks?utm_source=omgubuntu
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[3]:http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2013/10/ubuntu-wins-big-brother-austria-privacy-award
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[4]:http://blog.canonical.com/2012/12/07/searching-in-the-dash-in-ubuntu-13-04/
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[5]:http://blog.canonical.com/2012/12/07/searching-in-the-dash-in-ubuntu-13-04/?utm_source=omgubuntu
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[6]:http://www.whizzy.org/2015/12/online-searches-in-the-dash-to-be-off-by-default?utm_source=omgubuntu
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Ubuntu的"间谍软件"将在Ubuntu 16.04 LTS中被禁用
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出于用户隐私的考虑,Ubuntu阉割了一个有争议的功能.
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** Unity 中有争议的在线搜索功能将在四月份发布的Ubuntu 16.04 LTS中被默认禁用 **
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目前,用户在Unity 7 的Dash搜索栏里**只能搜索到本地文件,文件夹以及应用**.目前的状况是,用户输入的关键词将不会被发送到Canonical或任何第三方内容提供商的服务器里.
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> '现在,Unity的在线搜索在默认状况下是关闭的'
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在目前ubuntu的支持版本中,Dash栏会将用户搜索的关键词发送到Canonical运营的远程服务器中.它发送这些数据以用于从50多家在线服务获取搜索结果,这些服务包括维基百科,YouTube和The Weather Channel.
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我们可以选择去**系统设置 > 隐私控制**关闭这项功能.但是,一些在开源社区的功能被默认打开。
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### Ubuntu 在线搜索引发的争议 ###
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> 'Richard Stallman 将这个功能描述为 "间谍软件"'
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早在2012年,在Ubuntu搜索中整合来自亚马逊的内容之后,开源社区表示为其用户的隐私感到担忧.在2013年,‘Smart Scopes 服务’全面推出后,开源社区再度表示担忧.
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风波如此之大,以至于开源界大神[Richard Stallman 都称Ubuntu为"间谍软件"][1].
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[电子前哨基金会(EFF)][2]也在一系列博文中表达出对此的关注,并且建议Canonical将这个功能做成用户自由选择是否开启的功能.Privacy International比其他的组织走的更远,对于Ubuntu的工作,他给Ubuntu的缔造者发了一个"[老大哥奖][3]"
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[Canonical][4] 坚称Unity的在线搜索功能所收集的数据是匿名的以及"不可识别是来自哪个用户的".
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在[2013年Canoical发布的博文中][5]他们解释道 "** (我们)会使用户了解我们收集哪些信息以及哪些第三方服务商将会在他们搜索时从Dash栏中给出结果.我们只会收集能够提升用户体验的信息.**"
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### Ubuntu开始严肃对待的用户数据隐私###
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Canonical在给Ubuntu 14.04 LTS以及以上版本的更新中禁用了来自亚马逊的结果(尽管来自其他服务商的搜索结果仍然在出现直到你关闭这个选项)
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在下一个LTS(长期支持)版,也就是Ubuntu 16.04,Canonical完全关闭了这个有争议的在线搜索功能,这个功能在用户安装完后就是关闭的.就如同EFF在2012年让他们做的那样.
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"你搜索的关键词将不会逃出你的计算机." [Ubuntu 桌面环境经理Will Cooke][6]解释道,Unity提供的"对于搜索结果的更精细的控制不能添加到Unity 7"
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这也就是"[Unity 7]的在线搜索功能将会退役"的原因.
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这个变化也会减少Unity的支持以及基础设施对于Canonical的负担.Unity提供的搜索结果越少,Canonical就能把时间和工程师放到更加振奋人心的地方,比如更早的发布Unity 8桌面环境.
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### 在Ubuntu 16.04中你需要自己开启在线搜索功能 ###
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可以让你打开在线搜索功能的Ubuntu隐私设置
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禁用Ubuntu桌面的在线搜索功能的决定将获得众多开源/免费软件社区的欢呼.但是并不是每一个人都对Dash提供的语义搜索功能反感,如果你认为你失去了在搜索时预览天气,查看新闻或其他来自Dash在线搜索提供的内容的效率的话.你只需要简单的点几下鼠标就可以**再次打开这个功能**,定位到Ubuntu的**系统设置 > 隐私控制 > 搜索**然后将选项调至'**开启**'/
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这个选项不会自动把亚马逊的产品信息加入到搜索结果中.如果你想看产品信息的话,需要同意那个设置中的"shipping lens"选项.
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### 总结 ###
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- 默认情况下,Ubuntu 16.04 LTS的Dash栏将不会搜索到在线结果
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- 可以手动打开在线搜索
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- *系统设置 > 隐私控制 > 搜索**中的第二个选项允许你看到亚马逊的产品信息
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- 这个变动只会影响新安装的系统.从老版本升级的将会保留用户的喜好
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你同意这个决定吗?还是Cononical要以此提升Ubuntu对于新用户的体验?让我们在评论中揭晓./
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via: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2016/01/ubuntu-online-search-feature-disabled-16-04
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作者：[Joey-Elijah Sneddon][a]
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译者：[name1e5s](https://github.com/name1e5s)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://plus.google.com/117485690627814051450/?rel=author
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[1]:http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2012/12/richard-stallman-calls-ubuntu-spyware-because-it-tracks-searches/?utm_source=omgubuntu
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[2]:https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2012/10/privacy-ubuntu-1210-amazon-ads-and-data-leaks?utm_source=omgubuntu
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[3]:http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2013/10/ubuntu-wins-big-brother-austria-privacy-award
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[4]:http://blog.canonical.com/2012/12/07/searching-in-the-dash-in-ubuntu-13-04/
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[5]:http://blog.canonical.com/2012/12/07/searching-in-the-dash-in-ubuntu-13-04/?utm_source=omgubuntu
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[6]:http://www.whizzy.org/2015/12/online-searches-in-the-dash-to-be-off-by-default?utm_source=omgubuntu
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