Merge pull request #28545 from lkxed/20230202-1-Learn-Basic-by-coding-a-game

[手动选题][tech]: 20230202.1 ⭐️ Learn Basic by coding a game.md

sources/tech/20230202.1 ⭐️ Learn Basic by coding a game.md

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+[#]: subject: "Learn Basic by coding a game"
+[#]: via: "https://opensource.com/article/23/2/learn-basic-coding-game"
+[#]: author: "Moshe Zadka https://opensource.com/users/moshez"
+[#]: collector: "lkxed"
+[#]: translator: " "
+[#]: reviewer: " "
+[#]: publisher: " "
+[#]: url: " "
+
+Learn Basic by coding a game
+======
+
+Writing the same application in multiple languages is a great way to learn new ways to program. Most programming languages have certain things in common, such as:
+
+- Variables
+- Expressions
+- Statements
+
+These concepts are the basis of most programming languages. Once you understand them, you can start figuring the rest out.
+
+Programming languages usually share some similarities. Once you know one programming language, you can learn the basics of another by recognizing its differences.
+
+Practicing with a standard program is a good way of learning a new language. It allows you to focus on the language, not the program's logic. I'm doing that in this article series using a "guess the number" program, in which the computer picks a number between one and 100 and asks you to guess it. The program loops until you guess the number correctly.
+
+This program exercises several concepts in programming languages:
+
+- Variables
+- Input
+- Output
+- Conditional evaluation
+- Loops
+
+It's a great practical experiment to learn a new programming language. This article focuses on Basic.
+
+### Guess the number in (Bywater) Basic
+
+There is no real standard for the Basic programming language. Wikipedia says, "BASIC (Beginners' All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of general-purpose, high-level programming languages designed for ease of use." The [BWBasic][1] implementation is available under the GPL.
+
+You can explore Basic by writing a version of the "guess the number" game.
+
+### Install Basic on Linux
+
+In Debian or Ubuntu, you can install Basic with the following:
+
+```
+$ apt install -y bwbasic
+```
+
+Download the latest release tarball for Fedora, CentOS, Mageia, and any other Linux distribution. Extract it, make it executable, and then run it from a terminal:
+
+```
+$ tar --extract --file bwbasic*z
+
+$ chmod +x bywater
+
+$ ./bywater
+```
+
+On Windows, [download the .exe release][2].
+
+### Basic code
+
+Here is my implementation:
+
+```
+10 value$ = cint(rnd * 100) + 1
+20 input "enter guess"; guess$
+30 guess$ = val(guess$)
+40 if guess$ < value$ then print "Too low"
+50 if guess$ > value$ then print "Too high"
+60 if guess$ = value$ then 80
+70 goto 20
+80 print "That's right"
+```
+
+Basic programs can be numbered or unnumbered. Usually, it is better to write programs unnumbered, but writing them with numbered lines makes it easier to refer to individual lines.
+
+By convention, coders write lines as multiples of 10. This approach allows interpolating new lines between existing ones for debugging. Here's an explanation of my method above:
+
+- Line 10: Computes a random value between 1 and 100 using the built-in **rnd** function, which generates a number between 0 and 1, not including 1.
+- Line 20: Asks for a guess and puts the value in the **guess$ scalar** variable. Line 30 converts the value to a numeric one.
+- Lines 40 and 50: Give the guesser feedback, depending on the comparison.
+- Line 70: Goes to the beginning of the loop.
+- Line 60: _Breaks_& the loop by transferring control to line 80. Line 80 is the last line, so the program exits after that.
+
+### Sample output
+
+The following is an example of the program after putting it in `program.bas`:
+
+```
+$ bwbasic program.bas 
+Bywater BASIC Interpreter/Shell, version 2.20 patch level 2
+Copyright (c) 1993, Ted A. Campbell
+Copyright (c) 1995-1997, Jon B. Volkoff
+
+enter guess? 50
+Too low
+enter guess? 75
+Too low
+enter guess? 88
+Too high
+enter guess? 80
+Too low
+enter guess? 84
+Too low
+enter guess? 86
+Too high
+enter guess? 85
+That's right
+```
+
+### Get started
+
+This "guess the number" game is a great introductory program for learning a new programming language because it exercises several common programming concepts in a pretty straightforward way. By implementing this simple game in different programming languages, you can demonstrate some core concepts of the languages and compare their details.
+
+Do you have a favorite programming language? How would you write the "guess the number" game in it? Follow this article series to see examples of other programming languages that might interest you!
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: https://opensource.com/article/23/2/learn-basic-coding-game
+
+作者：[Moshe Zadka][a]
+选题：[lkxed][b]
+译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
+校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[a]: https://opensource.com/users/moshez
+[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
+[1]: https://yeolpishack.net/repos/ChipMaster/bwBASIC
+[2]: https://github.com/nerun/bwbasic/releases