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[#]: subject: "10 Things to do After Installing Arch Linux"
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[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/things-to-do-arch-linux/"
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[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: " "
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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10 Things to do After Installing Arch Linux
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======
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**Here are a few things to do after you complete installing a basic Arch Linux in your system.**
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Arch Linux gives you a solid foundation to build your own custom Linux distribution. If you have installed a very basic Arch Linux installation using the [archinstall][1] or any other script, then it’s time to perform some post-installation steps to tailor your system. This article assumes that there are no GUI or desktop environments installed in your base Arch Linux system, so these steps can be applied to the majority of the user.
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![A basic Arch Linux Installation][2]
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### 10 Things to Do after installing Arch Linux
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#### Update your system
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The obvious first thing you should do after installing Arch Linux is to update your system. This ensures that you have the latest rolling release packages. It can easily be done with `pacman` command. From the terminal window, run the following command:
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```
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sudo pacman -Syu
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```
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#### Configure for the fastest pacman mirror
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The pacman sometimes becomes a little slow while downloading packages. If you configure it properly to include the proper mirrors, you can achieve faster download speeds. There are several reasons for it, such as outdated mirrors, pacman server problems and so on.
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The configurations stored in the file `/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist`. There are several programs available to automatically update this list to the faster mirrors for your location.
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One of them is `reflector` which is a Python script. To install it, run the following from the terminal:
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```
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sudo pacman -S reflector
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```
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Then take a backup of the current list before running it using:
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```
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cp /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.bkp
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```
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Then from the terminal, run the following command by changing the country.
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```
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sudo reflector --country 'India' --latest 5 --age 2 --fastest 5 --protocol https --sort rate --save /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
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```
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For more details, [visit my tutorial here for reflector][3].
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#### Install display manager and X.Org
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If you want a graphical desktop environment, then you need to set up a display server and manager with the desktop environment. The best option for the display server is X.Org which you can install using the following command:
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```
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sudo pacman -S xorg
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```
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Once you installed the display server, you need a display manager to enable you to log in to your desktop. There are several lightweight display managers available, which you can choose from.
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- [GDM][4]
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- [SDDM][5]
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- [LightDM][6]
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I would recommend anyone of them. You can run the following command to install any of them:
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```
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sudo pacman -S lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings
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```
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Don’t forget to enable the display manager service after installation is complete:
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```
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sudo systemctl enable lightdm
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```
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#### Install desktop environment
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Once you are done setting up the display server and manager, it’s time to install your favourite Linux desktop environment. All the desktop environments are available to install in Arch Linux.
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For example, if you want to install the Xfce desktop environment, you can run the following command:
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```
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sudo pacman -S --needed xfce4-goodies file-roller network-manager-applet leafpad epdfview galculator lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings capitaine-cursors arc-gtk-theme xdg-user-dirs-gtk
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```
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Alternatively, you can refer to the following guides to install the other desktops:
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- [GNOME][7]
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- [KDE Pla][8][s][8][ma][8]
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- [LXQt][9]
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- [Pantheon][10]
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#### Choose basic applications
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Since you are setting up your system from the ground up, you can select which applications you want. The application list may include a web browser, text editor, image viewer, file manager, etc.
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Here’s a list of basic apps which you can install using the command below:
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```
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sudo pacman -S --needed firefox nemo leafpad evince ksnip lximage-qt
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```
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- Firefox web browser
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- Nemo file manager
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- Leafpad text editor
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- Evince PDF viewer
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- Ksnip screenshot tool
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- LXImage viewer
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#### Install any AUR helper
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The standard Arch repository contains thousands of packages. However, the [Arch User Repository (AUR)][11] contains thousands of user-submitted applications and packages which you can use.
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However, to install from AUR, it’s better to use a helper program such as Yay, paru or pikaur.
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I would recommend using [Yay helper,][12] which you can install using the following commands.
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```
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sudo git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git
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sudo chown -R <user-name>:users ./yay
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cd yay
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makepkg -si
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```
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Once installed, you can search packages in the AUR repo and install them using simple commands such as:
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```
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yay -S <app-name>
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```
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#### Power management
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Optimize power management settings to maximize laptop battery life or reduce power consumption on desktops. Adjust the settings through your desktop environment or window manager’s power management tools.
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However, if you do not have the settings exposed via GUI for the desktop, you can use the advanced powertop tool. Install it using:
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```
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sudo pacman -S powertop
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```
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Once installed, run it using the command:
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```
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sudo powertop --auto-tune
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```
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You can also enable the Systemd service so that it runs every time you turn on your system. For more details, visit the [documentation][13].
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#### Set up printer
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Configuring printers in Linux is very easy, thanks to CUPS. It handles many troubles and gives you all the necessary packages for the most common printers. To set up a printer in Arch Linux, you can use the following set of commands. The first command is installing the cups package, and then enabling/starting the service.
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```
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sudo pacman -S cupssudo systemctl enable cups.servicesudo systemctl start cups.service
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```
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#### Install custom Kernels
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Arch Linux provides an easy way to install custom Linux Kernels, bringing additional hardware support and updates. Although it might not be suitable for everyone if you are an advanced user, you may take advantage of the custom Kernels. Apart from the default mainline Kernel, the famous ones are:
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- Linux LTS Kernel
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- Linux Hardened Kernel
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- Linux Zen Kernel
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You can install them using the following commands. Make sure you know what you are doing before running these commands.
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```
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sudo pacman -S linux-lts linux-lts-headers
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```
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```
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sudo pacman -S linux-hardened linux-hardened-headers
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```
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```
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sudo pacman -S linux-zen linux-zen-headers
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```
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#### Install Plymouth
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When you install the vanilla Arch Linux, the initial animated Plymouth is not installed by default. Hence you might see the operating system outputs on the screen. You can read my guide below if you want to install a nice animated boot screen.
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[Install animated boot sequence in Arch Linux][14]
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### Conclusion
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I hope this article has provided you with some getting-started tips and guidance to make the most of your Arch Linux experience. The above tips may not apply to all, but they can be a good starting point for your custom Arch installation.
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Embrace the freedom and endless possibilities that Arch Linux provides, and enjoy the journey of exploring and mastering your Arch Linux system.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.debugpoint.com/things-to-do-arch-linux/
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作者：[Arindam][a]
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选题：[lkxed][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
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[b]: https://github.com/lkxed/
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[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/archinstall-guide/
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[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/A-basic-Arch-Linux-system.jpg
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[3]: https://www.debugpoint.com/slow-download-pacman-arch/
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[4]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/GDM
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[5]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/SDDM
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[6]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/LightDM
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[7]: https://www.debugpoint.com/gnome-arch-linux-install/
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[8]: https://www.debugpoint.com/kde-plasma-arch-linux-install/
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[9]: https://www.debugpoint.com/lxqt-arch-linux-install/
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[10]: https://www.debugpoint.com/pantheon-arch-linux-install/
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[11]: https://aur.archlinux.org/
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[12]: https://www.debugpoint.com/install-yay-arch/
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[13]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Powertop
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[14]: https://www.debugpoint.com/install-plymouth-arch-linux/
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@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
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[#]: subject: "10 Things to do After Installing Arch Linux"
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[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/things-to-do-arch-linux/"
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[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: ""
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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安装 Arch Linux 后需要做的十件事
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======
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**在你的系统中完成安装基本的 Arch Linux 后，有几件事要做。**
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Arch Linux 为你建立自己的自定义 Linux 发行版打下了坚实的基础。如果你已经用 [archinstall][1] 或其他脚本安装了一个非常基本的 Arch Linux，那么就该执行一些安装后的步骤来定制你的系统了。本文假设你的基本 Arch Linux 系统中没有安装 GUI 或桌面环境，所以这些步骤可以适用于大多数用户。
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![A basic Arch Linux Installation][2]
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### 安装 Arch Linux 后需要做的十件事
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#### 更新你的系统
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安装 Arch Linux 后，你应该做的第一件事显然是更新你的系统。这可以确保你有最新的滚动发布包。这可以通过 `pacman` 命令轻松完成。在终端窗口中，运行以下命令：
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```
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sudo pacman -Syu
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```
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#### 为最快的 pacman 镜像进行配置
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Pacman 在下载软件包时有时会变得有点慢。如果你对它进行适当的配置，包括适当的镜像，你可以达到更快的下载速度。这有几个原因，比如过时的镜像，pacman 服务器问题等等。
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配置文件存储在文件 `/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist` 中。 有几个程序可以自动更新这个列表，根据你的位置提供更快的镜像。
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其中之一是 `reflector` ，它是一个 Python 脚本。要安装它，请从终端运行以下程序：
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```
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sudo pacman -S reflector
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```
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然后在运行它之前对当前列表进行备份：
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```
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cp /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.bkp
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```
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然后从终端，通过改变你的国家和地区，运行以下命令。
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```
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sudo reflector --country 'India' --latest 5 --age 2 --fastest 5 --protocol https --sort rate --save /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
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```
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获取更多细节，[请访问我关于 reflector 的详细教程][3].
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#### 安装显示管理器和 X.Org
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如果你想要一个图形化的桌面环境，那么你需要设置一个显示服务器和管理器与桌面环境。显示服务器的最佳选择是 X.Org，你可以用下面的命令来安装：
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```
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sudo pacman -S xorg
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```
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一旦你安装了显示服务器，你需要一个显示管理器来使你能够登录到你的桌面。有几个轻量级的显示管理器可用，你可以从中选择。
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- [GDM][4]
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- [SDDM][5]
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- [LightDM][6]
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我将推荐他们中的任何一个。你可以运行以下命令来安装它们中的任何一个：
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```
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sudo pacman -S lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings
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```
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不要忘记在安装完成后启用显示管理器服务：
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```
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sudo systemctl enable lightdm
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```
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#### 安装桌面环境
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一旦你完成了显示服务器和管理器的设置，就该安装你喜欢的 Linux 桌面环境了。所有的桌面环境都可以在 Arch Linux 中安装。
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例如，如果你想安装Xfce桌面环境，你可以运行以下命令：
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```
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sudo pacman -S --needed xfce4-goodies file-roller network-manager-applet leafpad epdfview galculator lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings capitaine-cursors arc-gtk-theme xdg-user-dirs-gtk
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```
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或者，你可以参考以下指南来安装其他桌面：
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- [GNOME][7]
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- [KDE Pla][8][s][8][ma][8]
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- [LXQt][9]
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- [Pantheon][10]
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#### 选择基本应用程序
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由于你正在从头开始设置你的系统，你可以选择你想要的应用程序。应用程序列表可能包括网络浏览器、文本编辑器、图像浏览器、文件管理器等。
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这里有一个基本应用程序的列表，你可以使用下面的命令来安装：
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```
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sudo pacman -S --needed firefox nemo leafpad evince ksnip lximage-qt
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```
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- Firefox 浏览器
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- Nemo 文件管理器
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- Leafpad 文本编辑器
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- Evince PDF 阅读器
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- Ksnip 截屏工具
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- LXImage 图片查看器
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#### 安装任意 AUR 辅助工具
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标准的 Arch 软件库包含了成千上万的软件包。然而，[Arch User Repository (AUR)][11] 包含了数千个用户提交的应用程序和软件包，你可以使用它们。
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不过，要从 AUR 安装，最好使用 Yay、paru 或 pikaur 等辅助程序。
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我推荐使用 [Yay helper,][12] 你可以用以下命令来安装。
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```
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sudo git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git
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sudo chown -R <user-name>:users ./yay
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cd yay
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makepkg -si
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```
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一旦安装完毕，你可以在 AUR repo 中搜索软件包，并使用简单的命令进行安装，例如：：
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```
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yay -S <app-name>
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```
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#### 电源管理器
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优化电源管理设置，最大限度地提高笔记本电脑的电池寿命或减少台式机的功耗。通过你的桌面环境或窗口管理器的电源管理工具调整设置。
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然而，如果你没有通过 GUI 暴露桌面的设置，你可以使用高级 powertop 工具。用以下方法安装它：
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```
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sudo pacman -S powertop
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```
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一旦安装完毕，使用命令运行它：
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```
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sudo powertop --auto-tune
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```
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你也可以启用 Systemd 服务，使其在你每次打开系统时都能运行。更多细节，请访问[此文档][13]
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#### 安装打印机
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在Linux中配置打印机是非常容易的，这要感谢 CUPS。它可以处理很多麻烦，并为最常见的打印机提供所有必要的软件包。要在 Arch Linux 中设置打印机，你可以使用以下一组命令。第一个命令是安装 cups 软件包，然后启用/启动服务。
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```
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sudo pacman -S cupssudo systemctl enable cups.servicesudo systemctl start cups.service
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```
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#### 安装自定义内核
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Arch Linux 提供了一个简单的方法来安装自定义 Linux 内核，带来额外的硬件支持和更新。尽管如果你是一个高级用户，可能并不适合所有人，但你可以利用自定义内核的优势。除了默认的主线内核外，著名的有：
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- Linux LTS 内核
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- Linux Hardened 内核
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- Linux Zen 内核
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你可以用以下命令来安装它们。在运行这些命令之前，请确保你知道你在做什么。
|
||||
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```
|
||||
sudo pacman -S linux-lts linux-lts-headers
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo pacman -S linux-hardened linux-hardened-headers
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```
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```
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sudo pacman -S linux-zen linux-zen-headers
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```
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#### 安装 Plymouth
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|
||||
当你安装 vanilla Arch Linux 时，初始的动画 Plymouth 默认是不安装的。因此，你可能会在屏幕上看到操作系统的输出。如果你想安装一个漂亮的动画启动画面，你可以阅读我下面的指南。[在 Arch Linux 中安装动画启动程序][14]
|
||||
|
||||
### 结语
|
||||
|
||||
我希望这篇文章为你提供了一些入门的技巧和指导，让你在 Arch Linux 中获得最大的体验。上面的提示可能并不适用所有的人，但它们可以作为你定制的 Arch 安装的一个好的起点。
|
||||
|
||||
拥抱 Arch Linux 提供的自由和无尽的可能性，享受探索和掌握 Arch Linux 系统的旅程。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.debugpoint.com/things-to-do-arch-linux/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Arindam][a]
|
||||
选题：[lkxed][b]
|
||||
译者：[chris000132](https://github.com/chris000132)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed/
|
||||
[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/archinstall-guide/
|
||||
[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/A-basic-Arch-Linux-system.jpg
|
||||
[3]: https://www.debugpoint.com/slow-download-pacman-arch/
|
||||
[4]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/GDM
|
||||
[5]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/SDDM
|
||||
[6]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/LightDM
|
||||
[7]: https://www.debugpoint.com/gnome-arch-linux-install/
|
||||
[8]: https://www.debugpoint.com/kde-plasma-arch-linux-install/
|
||||
[9]: https://www.debugpoint.com/lxqt-arch-linux-install/
|
||||
[10]: https://www.debugpoint.com/pantheon-arch-linux-install/
|
||||
[11]: https://aur.archlinux.org/
|
||||
[12]: https://www.debugpoint.com/install-yay-arch/
|
||||
[13]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Powertop
|
||||
[14]: https://www.debugpoint.com/install-plymouth-arch-linux/
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user