diff --git a/sources/tech/20230216.1 ⭐️⭐️ Beginner's Guide to R Markdown Syntax [With Cheat Sheet].md b/sources/tech/20230216.1 ⭐️⭐️ Beginner's Guide to R Markdown Syntax [With Cheat Sheet].md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1c049a4c47 --- /dev/null +++ b/sources/tech/20230216.1 ⭐️⭐️ Beginner's Guide to R Markdown Syntax [With Cheat Sheet].md @@ -0,0 +1,369 @@ +[#]: subject: "Beginner's Guide to R Markdown Syntax [With Cheat Sheet]" +[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/r-markdown/" +[#]: author: "Sreenath https://itsfoss.com/author/sreenath/" +[#]: collector: "lkxed" +[#]: translator: " " +[#]: reviewer: " " +[#]: publisher: " " +[#]: url: " " + +Beginner's Guide to R Markdown Syntax [With Cheat Sheet] +====== + +You probably already know about the lightweight Markdown markup language. Refer to our [Markdown guide][1], if you're new to the concept. Overall, it is a simple and effective language for creating plain-text documents. + +However, Markdown may not be enough to make detailed reports or technical documents. + +Hence, **R Markdown** as an **interactive file format** came into existence back in 2014 thanks to packages like [knitr][2] and [Pandoc][3]. It combines plain text with in-line R code, helping you make a dynamic document. + +To create R Markdown documents, you can use [various IDEs][4] and extensions to make it possible. However, the official IDE that helps you do it is **RStudio**. So, in this article, we will focus on **learning R Markdown syntax using RStudio**. + +💡 + +If you did not know, + +**R programming language** + + is used for statistical computing, graphics representation, and reporting. + +**Suggested Read 📖** + +How to Install and Use R on UbuntuBrief: This tutorial teaches you to install R on Ubuntu. You’ll also learn how to run your first R program in Ubuntu using various methods. R, together with Python, is the most commonly used programming language for statistical computing and graphics, making it easy to work with data. With![][5]It's FOSSSergiu![][6] + +### Setting RStudio + +RStudio makes it easy to work with R Markdown by its setup process. You just need to install a package, and you are done for the most part! + +Once you have RStudio installed, head to the Tools menu and select the _Install Packages_ option. + +![Select Install Packages option under Tools menu in RStudio][7] + +On the new dialog box, search for rmarkdown and install it. + +![Install RMarkdown Package by searching it and pressing install button on the new package install dialog box][8] + +💡 + +To use code chunks like python, you need to install additional packages. RStudio will prompt you to install the required packages when you try to include them in your document. + +Once installed, you can start a new rmarkdown document by selecting **File > New > RMarkdown**. + +![Create a new RMarkdown Document from File menu][9] + +This will prompt you to add some information regarding the document (metadata for the file). Fill those up. + +![Provide the title and other details for new document in rmarkdown][10] + +Or you can create an empty document to start fresh. + +### RMarkdown Syntax + +Since it is just "**enhanced Markdown**," most syntax remains the same. + +There would be some differences when you add things not usually supported with Markdown, like **tables, math equations, code chunks, etc.** + +Here's a quick summary of what we will be covering: + +Name of the RMarkdown BlockProper Syntax | +| Heading | # Level 1## Level 2### Level 3Level 1=======Level 2------- | +| Emphasis | *Italics*_Italics_**Bold**__Bold__ | +| List | Unordered List* Item* Item + Sub + SubOrdered List1. Item2. Item + Sub + Sub | +| Code Chunk | Normal Code Block```Code Goes Here```R Code Block```{r}R CODE```You can use other languages also.Inline `code` | +| Links | Plain Link: Paste the URLLink with Caption: [Text](URL_Address)Link to a section: [Text](#Name-of-section) | +| Table | | Column | Column | Column || ------ | ------ | ------ || Item | Item | Item || Item | Item | Item | | +| Equations | In line Equations: $Equations$Display Equations: $$Equations$$ | +| Images | Without Caption: ![](Link-to-Image)With Caption : ![optional caption text](Location-of-image) | +| Block Quotes | > Type your Block Quotes | +| Misc | Super Script : Text^Superscript^Horizontal rule or Page Break:========= or ----------For Manual Line break, end line with 2+ spaces | + +#### The YAML Header + +At the top of a Rmarkdown document, there is a YAML header enclosed within two `---`. This block usually contains a title, author, date, and the file type you want to output, defining the **final look of the document.** + +The file type is either **HTML, PDF, or Word.** + +``` +--- +title: "Sample" +author: "It's FOSS" +date: "2023-02-08" +output: pdf_document +--- +``` + +This can be added while setting the new document in RStudio, which is shown in the above section. + +#### Heading + +In R Markdown, we can give heading in two different methods. Either we can use the # character for different levels of heading like: + +``` +# Heading Level 1 +## Heading Level 2 +### Heading Level 3 +#### Heading Level 4 +##### Heading Level 5 +###### Heading Level 6 +``` + +Or, `=` and `-` for level 1 and 2 headings, respectively. + +``` +Level 1 Heading +=============== + +Level 2 Heading +--------------- +``` + +![various types of heading levels in rmarkdown file][11] + +#### Lists + +There are two types of Lists, the first one is an **Unordered list**, or you could call them bullet points: + +``` +* Item 1 +* Item 2 + + Sub 1 + + Sub 2 +* Item 3 +``` + +And the second one is the **Ordered list**, which is the numbered type: + +``` +1. Item 1 +2. Item 2 + + Sub 1 + + Sub 2 +3. Item 3 +``` + +![order and unordered list example][12] + +**Suggested Read 📖** + +Read and Organize Markdown Files in Linux Terminal With GlowGlow is a CLI tool that lets you render Markdown files in the Linux terminal. You can also organize Markdown files with it.![][13]It's FOSSAbhishek Prakash![][14] + +#### Format text within a paragraph + +There are several ways to format text. + +![][15] + +You can add emphasis to the text like italics or bold using: + +- Italics: Place the text in between single asterisks or single underscore +- Bold: Place the text in between double asterisks or double underscores. + +``` +*This is Italicized text* +_This is Italicized text_ + +**This is Bold Text** +__This is Bold Text__ +``` + +You can explore on this using our resource on [how to add bold and italic text in Markdown][16]. + +If you want to add superscript to a text, place the text that should be superscript in between `^` symbol. + +``` +Normal Text^super_script^ +``` + +Or, if you want to add text strike-through, place the text in between two `~~` symbol. + +``` +~Strike Through this~~ +``` + +![][17] + +#### Adding Code Chunks + +Embedding code is the primary purpose of R Markdown. It allows us to add codes in several ways. + +**Adding Normal code block.** + +If you want to add a normal code block to separate it from other text, use the syntax below: + +``` +``` +Your Code Goes Here +``` +``` + +You can also try [adding code blocks with syntax highlighting][18]. + +You should append the language in curly braces if you want to add code and embed its output to the document: + +``` +```{Language} +Your Code Goes Here +``` +``` + +Or, you can add inline codes by placing the respective text between ` symbols. + +``` +The `code` is a code +``` + +Here's how it should look like: + +![][19] + +#### Links + +To add a link as plain text, just paste the link as it is in a line. + +``` +https://itsfoss.com +``` + +Or, to make a text hyperlink, use the syntax: + +``` +[Text](URL Address) +``` + +Another way to add a link is, when you want to link to a section of the page. In this case, use the syntax: + +``` +[Text](#Name-of-section) +``` + +![][20] + +#### Tables + +The syntax for adding tables is similar to that of markdown. + +``` +|Column|Column|Column| +| --- | --- | --- | +|Item|Item|Item| +|Item|Item|Item| +``` + +![][21] + +📋 + +Curious to know more? Refer to our guide on + +[creating tables in Markdown][22] + +. + +#### Images + +To add an image, use the syntax: + +``` +![](http://example.com/logo.png) + +OR + +![optional caption text](figures/img.png) +``` + +![][23] + +#### Block Quotes + +RMarkdown allows you to add block quotes. To use this, use the **> (greater than)** symbol in front of the line/paragraph you want to quote. + +``` +This is a normal text + +> This is a Block Quote +``` + +![][24] + +If you want to explore more use cases of blockquote, head to our [Markdown quotes][25] guide. + +#### Equations + +Using RMarkdown, you can add either equations or display complex LaTex equations. + +For example: + +``` +In line Pythagorean Theorem: $Equation$ + +Display Equation: $$Equation$$ +``` + +![adding equations in R Markdown document][26] + +#### Horizontal Rule / Page Break + +Use three or more asterisks or dashes to add a horizontal rule /page break. + +``` +************ + +------------ +``` + +If you want to add a manual line break, end that line with two or more spaces. + +### Summary + +### R Markdown is Useful (Cheat Sheet) + +Whether you are working with scientific reports or want to create any other type of dynamic document, R Markdown is your best bet to make the most out of Markdown. + +Here's a cheat sheet to help you summarize it all: + +![][27] + +[R Markdown Cheat SheetR Markdown Cheat Sheet.pdf145 KBdownload-circle][28] + +_💬 Did we miss something that you use with R Markdown? Share your thoughts in the comments down below._ + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://itsfoss.com/r-markdown/ + +作者:[Sreenath][a] +选题:[lkxed][b] +译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sreenath/ +[b]: https://github.com/lkxed/ +[1]: https://itsfoss.com/markdown-guide/ +[2]: https://www.r-project.org/nosvn/pandoc/knitr.html +[3]: https://itsfoss.comknitr, and Pandoc +[4]: https://itsfoss.com/best-modern-open-source-code-editors-for-linux/ +[5]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png +[6]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2019/06/install-r-on-ubuntu.jpg +[7]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/02/select-install-packages.png +[8]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/02/install-rmarkdown-1.png +[9]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/02/new-r-markdown.png +[10]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/02/new-document-in-rmark.png +[11]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/02/Headings.png +[12]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/02/List.png +[13]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png +[14]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2022/01/glow-cli-markdown.png +[15]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/02/emphasis.png +[16]: https://itsfoss.com/markdown-bold-italic/ +[17]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/02/superescript.png +[18]: https://itsfoss.com/markdown-code-block/ +[19]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/02/code-chunk.png +[20]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/02/links.png +[21]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/02/table.png +[22]: https://itsfoss.com/markdown-table/ +[23]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/02/images.png +[24]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/02/block-quotes.png +[25]: https://itsfoss.com/markdown-quotes/ +[26]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/02/equations.png +[27]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/02/R-Markdown-Cheat-Sheet.webp +[28]: https://itsfoss.com/content/files/2023/02/R-Markdown-Cheat-Sheet.pdf