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[translated]23 - The history of Android
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The history of Android
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Another Play Store redesign! This one is very close to the current design and uses cards that make layout changes a piece of cake.
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Photo by Ron Amadeo
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### Out-of-cycle updates—who needs a new OS? ###
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In between Android 4.2 and 4.3, Google went on an out-of-cycle update tear and showed just how much Android could be improved without having to fire up the arduous OTA update process. Thanks to the [Google Play Store and Play Services][1], all of these updates were able to be delivered without updating any core system components.
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In April 2013, Google released a major redesign to the Google Play Store. Like most redesigns from here on out, the new Play Store fully adopted the Google Now aesthetic, with white cards on a gray background. The action bar changed color based on the current content section, and since the first screen featured content from all sections of the store, the action bar was a neutral gray. Buttons to navigate to the content sections were now given top billing, and below that was usually a promotional block or rows of recommended apps.
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In April 2013, Google released a major redesign to the Google Play Store. Like most redesigns from here on out, the new Play Store fully adopted the Google Now aesthetic, with white cards on a gray background. The action bar changed color based on the current content section, and since the first screen featured content from all sections of the store, the action bar was a neutral gray. Buttons to navigate to the content sections were now given top billing, and below that was usually a promotional block or rows of recommended apps.
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The individual content sections are beautifully color-coded.
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Photo by Ron Amadeo
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The new Play Store showed off the real power of Google’s card design language, which enabled a fully responsive layout across all screen sizes. One large card could be stuck next to several little cards, larger-screened devices could show more cards, and rather than stretch things in horizontal mode, more cards could just be added to a row. The Play Store content editors were free to play with the layout of the cards, too; a big release that needed to be highlighted could get a larger card. This design would eventually trickle down to the other Google Play content apps, finally resulting in a unified design.
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Hangouts replaced Google Talk and is now continually developed by the Google+ team.
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Photo by Ron Amadeo
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Google I/O, the company's annual developer conference, was usually where a new Android version was announced. But at the 2013 edition, Google made just as many improvements without having to update the OS.
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One of the biggest things announced at the show was an update to Google Talk, Google's instant messaging platform. For a long time, Google shipped four text communication apps for Android: Google Talk, Google+ Messenger, Messaging (the SMS app), and Google Voice. Having four apps that accomplished the same task—sending a text message to someone—was very confusing for users. At I/O, Google killed Google Talk and started their messaging product over from scratch, creating [Google Hangouts][2]. While initially it only replaced Google Talk, the plan for Hangouts was to unify all of Google's various messaging apps into a single interface.
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The layout of the Hangouts UI really wasn't drastically different from Google Talk. The main page contained your open conversations, and tapping on one opened a chat page. The design was updated, the chat page now used a card-style display for each paragraph, and the chat list was now a "drawer"-style interface, meaning you could open it with a horizontal swipe. Hangouts had read receipts and a typing status indicator, and group chat was now a primary feature.
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Google+ was the center of Hangouts now, so much so that the full name of the product was actually "Google+ Hangouts." Hangouts was completely integrated with the Google+ desktop site so that video and chats could be made from one to the other. Identity and avatars were pulled from Google+, and tapping on an avatar would open that person's Google+ profile. And much like the change from Browser to Google Chrome, core Android functionality was passed off to a separate team—the Google+ team—as opposed to being a side product of the very busy Android engineers. With the Google+ takeover, Android's main IM client now became a continually developed application. It was placed into the Play Store and received fairly regular updates.
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The new navigation drawer interface.
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Photo by [developer.android.com][3]
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Google also introduced a new design element for the action bar: the navigation drawer. This drawer was shown as a set of three lines next to the app icon in the top-right corner. By tapping on it or dragging from the edge of the screen to the right, a side-mounted menu would appear. As the name implies, this was used to navigate around the app, and it would show several top-level locations within the app. This allowed the first screen to show content, and it gave users a consistent, easy-to-access place for navigation elements. The nav drawer was basically a super-sized version of the normal menu, scrollable and docked to the right side.
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[Ron Amadeo][a] / Ron is the Reviews Editor at Ars Technica, where he specializes in Android OS and Google products. He is always on the hunt for a new gadget and loves to rip things apart to see how they work.
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[@RonAmadeo][t]
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via: http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2014/06/building-android-a-40000-word-history-of-googles-mobile-os/23/
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2013/09/balky-carriers-and-slow-oems-step-aside-google-is-defragging-android/
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[2]:http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/05/hands-on-with-hangouts-googles-new-text-and-video-chat-architecture/
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[3]:https://developer.android.com/design/patterns/navigation-drawer.html
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[a]:http://arstechnica.com/author/ronamadeo
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[t]:https://twitter.com/RonAmadeo
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安卓编年史
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Play 商店又一次重新设计！这一版非常接近现在的设计，卡片结构让改变布局变得易如反掌。
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Ron Amadeo 供图
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### 周期外更新——谁需要一个新系统？ ###
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在安卓 4.2 和安卓 4.3 之间，谷歌进行了一次周期外更新，显示了有多少安卓可以不经过费力的 OTA 更新而得到改进。得益于[谷歌 Play 商店和 Play 服务][1]，这些更新可以在不更新任何系统核心组件的前提下送达。
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2013 年 4 月，谷歌发布了谷歌 Play 商店的一个主要设计改动。就如同在这之后的大多数重新设计，新的 Play 商店完全接受了 Google Now 审美，即在灰色背景上的白色卡片。操作栏基于当前页面内容部分更改颜色，由于首屏内容以商店的各部分为主，操作栏颜色是中性的灰色。导航至内容部分的按钮指向热门付费，在那下面通常是一块促销内容或一组推荐应用。
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独立的内容部分有漂亮的颜色。
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Ron Amadeo 供图
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新的 Play 商店展现了谷歌卡片设计语言的真正力量，在所有的屏幕尺寸上能够拥有响应式布局。一张大的卡片能够和若干小卡片组合，大屏幕设备能够显示更多的卡片，而且相对于拉伸来适应横屏模式，可以通过在一行显示更多卡片来适应。Play 商店的内容编辑们也可以自由地使用卡片布局；需要关注的大更新可以获得更大的卡片。这个设计最终会慢慢渗透向其它谷歌 Play 内容应用，最后拥有一个统一的设计。
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Hangouts 取代了 Google Talk，现在仍由 Google+ 团队继续开发。
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Ron Amadeo 供图
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Google I/O，谷歌的年度开发者会议，通常会宣布一个新的安卓版本。但是 2013 年的会议，谷歌只是发布了一些改进而没有系统更新。
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谷歌宣布的大事件之一是 Google Talk 的更新，谷歌的即时消息平台。在很长一段时间里，谷歌随安卓附四个文本交流应用：Google Talk，Google+ Messenger，信息（短信应用），Google Voice。拥有四个应用来完成相同的任务——给某人发送文本消息——对用户来说很混乱。在 I/O 上，谷歌结束了 Google Talk 并且从头开始创建全新的消息产品 [Google Hangouts][2]。虽然最初只是想替代 Google Talk，Hangouts 的计划是统一所有谷歌的不同的消息应用到统一的界面下。
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Hangouts 的用户界面布局真的和 Google Talk 没什么大的差别。主页面包含你的聊天会话，点击某一项就能进入聊天页面。界面设计上有所更新，聊天页面现在使用了卡片风格来显示每个段落，并且聊天列表是个“抽屉”风格的界面，这意味着你可以通过水平滑动打开它。Hangouts 有已读回执和输入状态指示，并且群聊现在是个主要特性。
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Google+ 是 Hangouts 的中心，所以产品的全名实际上是“Google+ Hangouts”。Hangouts 完全整合到了 Google+ 桌面站点。身份和头像直接从 Google+ 拉取，点击头像会打开用户的 Google+ 资料。和将浏览器换为 Google Chrome 类似，核心安卓功能交给了一个单独的团队——Google+ 团队——作为对应用成为繁忙的安卓工程师的副产品的反对。随着 Google+ 团队的接手，安卓的主要即时通讯客户端现在成为一个持续开发的应用。它被放进了 Play 商店并且有稳定的更新频率。
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新导航抽屉界面。
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图片来自 [developer.android.com][3]
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谷歌还给操作栏引入了新的设计元素：导航抽屉。这个抽屉显示为在左上角应用图标旁的三道横线。点击或从屏幕左边缘向右滑动，会出现一个侧边菜单目录。就像名字所指明的，这个是用来应用内导航的，它会显示若干应用内的顶层位置。这使得应用首屏可以用来显示内容，也给了用户一致的，易于访问的导航元素。导航抽屉基本上就是个大号的菜单，可以滚动并且固定在左侧。
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[Ron Amadeo][a] / Ron是Ars Technica的评论编缉，专注于安卓系统和谷歌产品。他总是在追寻新鲜事物，还喜欢拆解事物看看它们到底是怎么运作的。
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[@RonAmadeo][t]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2014/06/building-android-a-40000-word-history-of-googles-mobile-os/23/
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译者：[alim0x](https://github.com/alim0x) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2013/09/balky-carriers-and-slow-oems-step-aside-google-is-defragging-android/
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[2]:http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/05/hands-on-with-hangouts-googles-new-text-and-video-chat-architecture/
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[3]:https://developer.android.com/design/patterns/navigation-drawer.html
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[a]:http://arstechnica.com/author/ronamadeo
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[t]:https://twitter.com/RonAmadeo
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