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@ -1,159 +0,0 @@
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (liujing97)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (7 Methods To Identify Disk Partition/FileSystem UUID On Linux)
[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/check-partitions-uuid-filesystem-uuid-universally-unique-identifier-linux/)
[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
7 Methods To Identify Disk Partition/FileSystem UUID On Linux
======
As a Linux administrator you should aware of that how do you check partition UUID or filesystem UUID.
Because most of the Linux systems are mount the partitions with UUID. The same has been verified in the `/etc/fstab` file.
There are many utilities are available to check UUID. In this article we will show you how to check UUID in many ways and you can choose the one which is suitable for you.
### What Is UUID?
UUID stands for Universally Unique Identifier which helps Linux system to identify a hard drives partition instead of block device file.
libuuid is part of the util-linux-ng package since kernel version 2.15.1 and it’s installed by default in Linux system.
The UUIDs generated by this library can be reasonably expected to be unique within a system, and unique across all systems.
It’s a 128 bit number used to identify information in computer systems. UUIDs were originally used in the Apollo Network Computing System (NCS) and later UUIDs are standardized by the Open Software Foundation (OSF) as part of the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE).
UUIDs are represented as 32 hexadecimal (base 16) digits, displayed in five groups separated by hyphens, in the form 8-4-4-4-12 for a total of 36 characters (32 alphanumeric characters and four hyphens).
For example: d92fa769-e00f-4fd7-b6ed-ecf7224af7fa
Sample of my /etc/fstab file.
```
# cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a device; this may
# be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices that works even if
# disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
#
UUID=69d9dd18-36be-4631-9ebb-78f05fe3217f / ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1
UUID=a2092b92-af29-4760-8e68-7a201922573b swap swap defaults,noatime 0 2
```
We can check this using the following seven commands.
* **`blkid Command:`** locate/print block device attributes.
* **`lsblk Command:`** lsblk lists information about all available or the specified block devices.
* **`hwinfo Command:`** hwinfo stands for hardware information tool is another great utility that used to probe for the hardware present in the system.
* **`udevadm Command:`** udev management tool.
* **`tune2fs Command:`** adjust tunable filesystem parameters on ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystems.
* **`dumpe2fs Command:`** dump ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem information.
* **`Using by-uuid Path:`** The directory contains UUID and real block device files, UUIDs were symlink with real block device files.
### How To Check Disk Partition/FileSystem UUID In Linux Uusing blkid Command?
blkid is a command-line utility to locate/print block device attributes. It uses libblkid library to get disk partition UUID in Linux system.
```
# blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID="d92fa769-e00f-4fd7-b6ed-ecf7224af7fa" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="eab59449-01"
/dev/sdc1: UUID="d17e3c31-e2c9-4f11-809c-94a549bc43b7" TYPE="ext2" PARTUUID="8cc8f9e5-01"
/dev/sdc3: UUID="ca307aa4-0866-49b1-8184-004025789e63" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="8cc8f9e5-03"
/dev/sdc5: PARTUUID="8cc8f9e5-05"
```
### How To Check Disk Partition/FileSystem UUID In Linux Uusing lsblk Command?
lsblk lists information about all available or the specified block devices. The lsblk command reads the sysfs filesystem and udev db to gather information.
If the udev db is not available or lsblk is compiled without udev support than it tries to read LABELs, UUIDs and filesystem types from the block device. In this case root permissions are necessary. The command prints all block devices (except RAM disks) in a tree-like format by default.
```
# lsblk -o name,mountpoint,size,uuid
NAME MOUNTPOINT SIZE UUID
sda 30G
└─sda1 / 20G d92fa769-e00f-4fd7-b6ed-ecf7224af7fa
sdb 10G
sdc 10G
├─sdc1 1G d17e3c31-e2c9-4f11-809c-94a549bc43b7
├─sdc3 1G ca307aa4-0866-49b1-8184-004025789e63
├─sdc4 1K
└─sdc5 1G
sdd 10G
sde 10G
sr0 1024M
```
### How To Check Disk Partition/FileSystem UUID In Linux Uusing by-uuid path?
The directory contains UUID and real block device files, UUIDs were symlink with real block device files.
```
# ls -lh /dev/disk/by-uuid/
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 29 08:34 ca307aa4-0866-49b1-8184-004025789e63 -> ../../sdc3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 29 08:34 d17e3c31-e2c9-4f11-809c-94a549bc43b7 -> ../../sdc1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 29 08:34 d92fa769-e00f-4fd7-b6ed-ecf7224af7fa -> ../../sda1
```
### How To Check Disk Partition/FileSystem UUID In Linux Uusing hwinfo Command?
**[hwinfo][1]** stands for hardware information tool is another great utility that used to probe for the hardware present in the system and display detailed information about varies hardware components in human readable format.
```
# hwinfo --block | grep by-uuid | awk '{print $3,$7}'
/dev/sdc1, /dev/disk/by-uuid/d17e3c31-e2c9-4f11-809c-94a549bc43b7
/dev/sdc3, /dev/disk/by-uuid/ca307aa4-0866-49b1-8184-004025789e63
/dev/sda1, /dev/disk/by-uuid/d92fa769-e00f-4fd7-b6ed-ecf7224af7fa
```
### How To Check Disk Partition/FileSystem UUID In Linux Uusing udevadm Command?
udevadm expects a command and command specific options. It controls the runtime behavior of systemd-udevd, requests kernel events, manages the event queue, and provides simple debugging mechanisms.
```
udevadm info -q all -n /dev/sdc1 | grep -i by-uuid | head -1
S: disk/by-uuid/d17e3c31-e2c9-4f11-809c-94a549bc43b7
```
### How To Check Disk Partition/FileSystem UUID In Linux Uusing tune2fs Command?
tune2fs allows the system administrator to adjust various tunable filesystem parameters on Linux ext2, ext3, or ext4 filesystems. The current values of these options can be displayed by using the -l option.
```
# tune2fs -l /dev/sdc1 | grep UUID
Filesystem UUID: d17e3c31-e2c9-4f11-809c-94a549bc43b7
```
### How To Check Disk Partition/FileSystem UUID In Linux Uusing dumpe2fs Command?
dumpe2fs prints the super block and blocks group information for the filesystem present on device.
```
# dumpe2fs /dev/sdc1 | grep UUID
dumpe2fs 1.43.5 (04-Aug-2017)
Filesystem UUID: d17e3c31-e2c9-4f11-809c-94a549bc43b7
```
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.2daygeek.com/check-partitions-uuid-filesystem-uuid-universally-unique-identifier-linux/
作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[liujing97](https://github.com/liujing97)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/hwinfo-check-display-detect-system-hardware-information-linux/

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@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (liujing97)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (7 Methods To Identify Disk Partition/FileSystem UUID On Linux)
[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/check-partitions-uuid-filesystem-uuid-universally-unique-identifier-linux/)
[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
Linux 中获取硬盘分区或文件系统的 UUID 的七种方法
======
作为一个 Linux 系统管理员，你应该知道如何去查看分区的 UUID 或文件系统的 UUID。
因为大多数的 Linux 系统使用 UUID 挂载分区。在 `/etc/fstab` 文件中可以验证此的内容。
有许多可用的实用程序可以查看 UUID。本文我们将会向你展示多种查看 UUID 的方法，并且你可以选择一种适合于你的方法。
### 何为 UUID？
UUID 代表着通用唯一识别码，它帮助 Linux 系统去识别一个磁盘驱动分区而不是块设备文件。
libuuid 是内核 2.15.1 中 util-linux-ng 包中的一部分，它被默认安装在 Linux 系统中。
UUID 由该库生成，可以合理地认为它在一个系统中是唯一的，并且在所有系统中也是唯一的。
在计算机系统中使用了 128 位数字去标识信息。UUID 最初被用在 Apollo 网络计算机系统（NCS）中，之后 UUID 被开放软件基金会（OSF）标准化，成为分布式计算环境（DCE）的一部分。
UUID 以 32 个十六进制（基数为 16）的数字表示，被连字符分割为 5 组显示，总共的 36 个字符格式为 8-4-4-4-12（32 个字母或数字和 4 个连字符）。
例如：d92fa769-e00f-4fd7-b6ed-ecf7224af7fa
我的 /etc/fstab 文件示例。
```
# cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a device; this may
# be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices that works even if
# disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
#
UUID=69d9dd18-36be-4631-9ebb-78f05fe3217f / ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1
UUID=a2092b92-af29-4760-8e68-7a201922573b swap swap defaults,noatime 0 2
```
我们可以使用下面的 7 个命令来查看。
* **`blkid 命令：`** 定位或打印块设备的属性。
* **`lsblk 命令：`** lsblk 列出所有可用的或指定的块设备的信息。
* **`hwinfo 命令：`** hwinfo 表示硬件信息工具，是另外一个很好的实用工具，用于查询系统中已存在硬件。
* **`udevadm 命令：`** udev 管理工具
* **`tune2fs 命令：`**　调整 ext2/ext3/ext4 文件系统上的可调文件系统参数。
* **`dumpe2fs 命令：`**　查询 ext2/ ext3/ext4 文件系统的信息。　
* **`使用 by-uuid 路径：`**　该目录下包含有 UUID 和实际的块设备文件，UUID 与实际的块设备文件链接在一起。
### Linux 中如何使用 blkid 命令查看磁盘分区或文件系统的 UUID？
blkid 是定位或打印块设备属性的命令行实用工具。它利用 libblkid 库在 Linux 系统中获得到磁盘分区的 UUID。
```
# blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID="d92fa769-e00f-4fd7-b6ed-ecf7224af7fa" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="eab59449-01"
/dev/sdc1: UUID="d17e3c31-e2c9-4f11-809c-94a549bc43b7" TYPE="ext2" PARTUUID="8cc8f9e5-01"
/dev/sdc3: UUID="ca307aa4-0866-49b1-8184-004025789e63" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="8cc8f9e5-03"
/dev/sdc5: PARTUUID="8cc8f9e5-05"
```
### Linux 中如何使用 lsblk 命令查看磁盘分区或文件系统的 UUID？
lsblk 列出所有有关可用或指定块设备的信息。lsblk 命令读取 sysfs 文件系统和 udev 数据库以收集信息。
如果 udev 数据库是不可用的或者编译的 lsblk 是不支持 udev 的，它会试图从块设备中读取 LABEL，UUID 和文件系统类型。这种情况下，必须为 root 身份。该命令默认会以类似于树的格式打印出所有的块设备（RAM 盘除外）。
```
# lsblk -o name,mountpoint,size,uuid
NAME MOUNTPOINT SIZE UUID
sda 30G
└─sda1 / 20G d92fa769-e00f-4fd7-b6ed-ecf7224af7fa
sdb 10G
sdc 10G
├─sdc1 1G d17e3c31-e2c9-4f11-809c-94a549bc43b7
├─sdc3 1G ca307aa4-0866-49b1-8184-004025789e63
├─sdc4 1K
└─sdc5 1G
sdd 10G
sde 10G
sr0 1024M
```
### Linux 中如何使用 by-uuid 路径查看磁盘分区或文件系统的 UUID？
该目录包含了 UUID 和实际的块设备文件，UUID 与实际的块设备文件链接在一起。
```
# ls -lh /dev/disk/by-uuid/
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 29 08:34 ca307aa4-0866-49b1-8184-004025789e63 -> ../../sdc3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 29 08:34 d17e3c31-e2c9-4f11-809c-94a549bc43b7 -> ../../sdc1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 29 08:34 d92fa769-e00f-4fd7-b6ed-ecf7224af7fa -> ../../sda1
```
### Linux 中如何使用 hwinfo 命令查看磁盘分区或文件系统的 UUID？
**[hwinfo][1]** 表示硬件信息工具，是另外一种很好的实用工具。它被用来检测系统中已存在的硬件，并且以可读的格式显示各种硬件组件的细节信息。
```
# hwinfo --block | grep by-uuid | awk '{print $3,$7}'
/dev/sdc1, /dev/disk/by-uuid/d17e3c31-e2c9-4f11-809c-94a549bc43b7
/dev/sdc3, /dev/disk/by-uuid/ca307aa4-0866-49b1-8184-004025789e63
/dev/sda1, /dev/disk/by-uuid/d92fa769-e00f-4fd7-b6ed-ecf7224af7fa
```
### Linux 中如何使用 udevadm 命令查看磁盘分区或文件系统的 UUID？
udevadm 需要命令和命令特定的操作。它控制 systemd-udevd 的运行时的行为，请求内核事件、管理事件队列并且提供简单的调试机制。
```
udevadm info -q all -n /dev/sdc1 | grep -i by-uuid | head -1
S: disk/by-uuid/d17e3c31-e2c9-4f11-809c-94a549bc43b7
```
### Linux 中如何使用 tune2fs 命令查看磁盘分区或文件系统的 UUID？
tune2fs 允许系统管理员在 Linux 的 ext2, ext3, ext4 文件系统中调整各种可调的文件系统参数。这些选项的当前值可以使用选项 -l 显示。
```
# tune2fs -l /dev/sdc1 | grep UUID
Filesystem UUID: d17e3c31-e2c9-4f11-809c-94a549bc43b7
```
### Linux 中如何使用 dumpe2fs 命令查看磁盘分区或文件系统的 UUID？
dumpe2fs 打印出现在设备文件系统中的超级块和块组的信息。
```
# dumpe2fs /dev/sdc1 | grep UUID
dumpe2fs 1.43.5 (04-Aug-2017)
Filesystem UUID: d17e3c31-e2c9-4f11-809c-94a549bc43b7
```
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.2daygeek.com/check-partitions-uuid-filesystem-uuid-universally-unique-identifier-linux/
作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[liujing97](https://github.com/liujing97)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/hwinfo-check-display-detect-system-hardware-information-linux/