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ucasFL translating
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Trash-Cli : A Command Line Interface For Trashcan On Linux
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======
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Everyone knows about `Trashcan` which is common for all users like Linux, or Windows, or Mac. Whenever you delete a file or folder, it will be moved to trash.
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Note that moving files to the trash does not free up space on the file system until the Trashcan is empty.
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Trash stores deleted files temporarily which help us to restore when it's necessary, if you don't want these files then delete it permanently (empty the trash).
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Make sure, you won't find any files or folders in the trash when you delete using `rm` command. So, think twice before performing rm command. If you did a mistake that's it, it'll go away and you can't restore back. since metadata is not stored on disk nowadays.
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Trash is a feature provided by the desktop manager such as GNOME, KDE, and XFCE, etc, as per [freedesktop.org specification][1]. when you delete a file or folder from file manger then it will go to trash and the trash folder can be found @ `$HOME/.local/share/Trash`.
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Trash folder contains two folder `files` & `info`. Files folder stores actual deleted files and folders & Info folder contains deleted files & folders information such as file path, deleted date & time in separate file.
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You might ask, Why you want CLI utility When having GUI Trashcan, most of the NIX guys (including me) play around CLI instead of GUI even though when they working GUI based system. So, if some one looking for CLI based Trashcan then this is the right choice for them.
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### What's Trash-Cli
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[trash-cli][2] is a command line interface for Trashcan utility compliant with the FreeDesktop.org trash specifications. It stores the name, original path, deletion date, and permissions of each trashed file.
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### How to Install Trash-Cli in Linux
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Trash-Cli is available on most of the Linux distribution official repository, so run the following command to install.
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For **`Debian/Ubuntu`** , use [apt-get command][3] or [apt command][4] to install Trash-Cli.
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```
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$ sudo apt install trash-cli
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```
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For **`RHEL/CentOS`** , use [YUM Command][5] to install Trash-Cli.
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```
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$ sudo yum install trash-cli
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```
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For **`Fedora`** , use [DNF Command][6] to install Trash-Cli.
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```
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$ sudo dnf install trash-cli
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```
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For **`Arch Linux`** , use [Pacman Command][7] to install Trash-Cli.
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```
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$ sudo pacman -S trash-cli
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```
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For **`openSUSE`** , use [Zypper Command][8] to install Trash-Cli.
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```
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$ sudo zypper in trash-cli
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```
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If you distribution doesn't offer Trash-cli, we can easily install from pip. Your system should have pip package manager, in order to install python packages.
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```
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$ sudo pip install trash-cli
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Collecting trash-cli
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Downloading trash-cli-0.17.1.14.tar.gz
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Installing collected packages: trash-cli
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Running setup.py bdist_wheel for trash-cli ... done
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Successfully installed trash-cli-0.17.1.14
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```
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### How to Use Trash-Cli
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It's not a big deal since it's offering native syntax. It provides following commands.
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* **`trash-put:`** Delete files and folders.
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* **`trash-list:`** Pint Deleted files and folders.
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* **`trash-restore:`** Restore a file or folder from trash.
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* **`trash-rm:`** Remove individual files from the trashcan.
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* **`trash-empty:`** Empty the trashcan(s).
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Let's try some examples to experiment this.
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1) Delete files and folders : In our case, we are going to send a file named `2g.txt` and folder named `magi` to Trash by running following command.
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```
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$ trash-put 2g.txt magi
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```
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You can see the same in file manager.
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2) Pint Delete files and folders : To view deleted files and folders, run the following command. As i can see detailed infomation about deleted files and folders such as name, date & time, and file path.
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```
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$ trash-list
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2017-10-01 01:40:50 /home/magi/magi/2g.txt
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2017-10-01 01:40:50 /home/magi/magi/magi
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```
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3) Restore a file or folder from trash : At any point of time you can restore a files and folders by running following command. It will ask you to enter the choice which you want to restore. In our case, we are going to restore `2g.txt` file, so my option is `0`.
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```
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$ trash-restore
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0 2017-10-01 01:40:50 /home/magi/magi/2g.txt
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1 2017-10-01 01:40:50 /home/magi/magi/magi
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What file to restore [0..1]: 0
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```
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4) Remove individual files from the trashcan : If you want to remove specific files from trashcan, run the following command. In our case, we are going to remove `magi` folder.
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```
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$ trash-rm magi
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```
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5) Empty the trashcan : To remove everything from the trashcan, run the following command.
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```
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$ trash-empty
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```
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6) Remove older then X days file : Alternatively you can remove older then X days files so, run the following command to do it. In our case, we are going to remove `10` days old items from trashcan.
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```
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$ trash-empty 10
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```
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trash-cli works great but if you want to try alternative, give a try to [gvfs-trash][9] & [autotrash][10]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.2daygeek.com/trash-cli-command-line-trashcan-linux-system/
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作者：[2daygeek][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.2daygeek.com/author/2daygeek/
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[1]:https://freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/trash-spec/
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[2]:https://github.com/andreafrancia/trash-cli
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[3]:https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
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[4]:https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
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[5]:https://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/
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[6]:https://www.2daygeek.com/dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-system/
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[7]:https://www.2daygeek.com/pacman-command-examples-manage-packages-arch-linux-system/
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[8]:https://www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples-manage-packages-opensuse-system/
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[9]:http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/man1/gvfs-trash.1.html
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[10]:https://github.com/bneijt/autotrash
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@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
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Trash-Cli : Linux 上的命令行回收站工具
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======
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相信每个人都对<ruby>回收站<rt>trashcan</rt></ruby>很熟悉，因为无论是对 Linux 用户，还是 Windows 用户，或者 Mac 用户来说，它都很常见。当你删除一个文件或目录的时候，该文件或目录会被移动到回收站中。
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需要注意的是，当把文件移动到回收站以后，文件系统空间并没有被释放，除非把回收站清空。
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如果不想永久删除文件的话（清空回收站），可以利用回收站临时存储被删除了的文件，从而在必要的时候能够帮助我们恢复删除了的文件。
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但是，如果在命令行使用 `rm` 命令进行删除操作，那么你是不可能在回收站中找到任何被删除了的文件或目录的。所以，在执行 `rm` 命令前请一定要三思。如果你犯了错误（执行了 `rm` 命令），那么文件就被永久删除了，无法再恢复回来，因为存储在磁盘上的元数据已经不在了。
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根据 [freedesktop.org 规范][1]，<ruby>垃圾<rt>trash</rt></ruby>是由桌面管理器比如 GNOME、KDE 和 XFCE 等提供的一个特性。当通过文件管理器删除一个文件或目录的时候，该文件或目录将会成为<ruby>垃圾<rt>trash</rt></ruby>，然后被移动到回收站中，回收站对应的目录是 `$HOME/.local/share/Trash` 。
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回收站目录包含两个子目录：`files` 和 `info` 。`files` 目录存储实际被删除了的文件和目录，`info` 目录包含被删除了的文件和目录的信息，比如文件路径、删除日期和时间，每个文件单独存储。
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你可能会问，既然已经有了<ruby>图形用户界面<rt>GUI</rt></ruby>的回收站，为什么还需要命令行工具呢？因为对于大多数使用 *NIX 系统的家伙（包括我）来说，即使使用的是基于图形用户界面的系统，也更喜欢使用命令行而不是图形用户界面。所以，如果有人在寻找一个命令行回收站工具，那么这儿有一个不错的选择。
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### Trash-Cli 是什么
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[trash-cli][2] 是一个命令行回收站工具，并且符合 FreeDesktop.org 的<ruby>垃圾<rt>trash</rt></ruby>规范。它能够存储每一个垃圾文件的名字、原始路径、删除日期和权限。
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### 如何在 Linux 上安装 Trash-Cli
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绝大多数的 Linux 发行版官方仓库都提供了 Trash-Cli 的安装包，所以你可以运行下面这些命令来安装。
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对于 Debian/Ubuntu 用户，使用 [apt-get][3] 或 [apt][4] 命令来安装 Trash-Cli：
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```
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$ sudo apt install trash-cli
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```
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对于 RHEL/CentOS 用户，使用 [yum][5] 命令来安装 Trash-Cli：
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```
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$ sudo yum install trash-cli
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```
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对于 Fedora 用户，使用 [dnf][6] 命令来安装 Trash-Cli：
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```
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$ sudo dnf install trash-cli
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```
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对于 Arch Linux 用户，使用 [pacman][7] 命令来安装 Trash-Cli：
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```
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$ sudo pacman -S trash-cli
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```
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对于 openSUSE 用户，使用 [zypper][8] 命令来安装 Trash-Cli：
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```
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$ sudo zypper in trash-cli
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```
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如果你的发行版中没有提供 Trash-Cli 的安装包，那么你也可以使用 pip 来安装。为了能够安装 python 包，你的系统中应该会有 pip 包管理器。
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```
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$ sudo pip install trash-cli
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Collecting trash-cli
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Downloading trash-cli-0.17.1.14.tar.gz
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Installing collected packages: trash-cli
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Running setup.py bdist_wheel for trash-cli ... done
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Successfully installed trash-cli-0.17.1.14
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```
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### 如何使用 Trash-Cli
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Trash-Cli 的使用不难，因为它提供了一个很简单的语法。Trash-Cli 提供了下面这些命令：
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* `trash-put`： 删除文件和目录（仅放入回收站中）
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* `trash-list` ：列出被删除了的文件和目录
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* `trash-restore`：从回收站中恢复文件或目录 trash.
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* `trash-rm`：删除回收站中的文件
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* `trash-empty`：清空回收站
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下面，让我们通过一些例子来试验一下。
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1)删除文件和目录：在这个例子中，我们通过运行下面这个命令，将 2g.txt 这一文件和 magi 这一文件夹移动到回收站中。
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```
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$ trash-put 2g.txt magi
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```
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和你在文件管理器中看到的一样。
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2)列出被删除了的文件和目录：为了查看被删除了的文件和目录，你需要运行下面这个命令。之后，你可以在输出中看到被删除文件和目录的详细信息，比如名字、删除日期和时间，以及文件路径。
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```
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$ trash-list
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2017-10-01 01:40:50 /home/magi/magi/2g.txt
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2017-10-01 01:40:50 /home/magi/magi/magi
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```
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3)从回收站中恢复文件或目录：任何时候，你都可以通过运行下面这个命令来恢复文件和目录。它将会询问你来选择你想要恢复的文件或目录。在这个例子中，我打算恢复 2g.txt 文件，所以我的选择是 0 。
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```
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$ trash-restore
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0 2017-10-01 01:40:50 /home/magi/magi/2g.txt
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1 2017-10-01 01:40:50 /home/magi/magi/magi
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What file to restore [0..1]: 0
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```
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4)从回收站中删除文件：如果你想删除回收站中的特定文件，那么可以运行下面这个命令。在这个例子中，我将删除 magi 目录。
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```
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$ trash-rm magi
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```
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5)清空回收站：如果你想删除回收站中的所有文件和目录，可以运行下面这个命令。
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```
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$ trash-empty
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```
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6)删除超过 X 天的垃圾文件：或者，你可以通过运行下面这个命令来删除回收站中超过 X 天的文件。在这个例子中，我将删除回收站中超过 10 天的项目。
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```
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$ trash-empty 10
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```
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Trash-Cli 可以工作的很好，但是如果你想尝试它的一些替代品，那么你也可以试一试 [gvfs-trash][9] 和 [autotrash][10] 。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.2daygeek.com/trash-cli-command-line-trashcan-linux-system/
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作者：[2daygeek][a]
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译者：[ucasFL](https://github.com/ucasFL)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.2daygeek.com/author/2daygeek/
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[1]:https://freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/trash-spec/
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[2]:https://github.com/andreafrancia/trash-cli
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[3]:https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
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[4]:https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
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[5]:https://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/
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[6]:https://www.2daygeek.com/dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-system/
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[7]:https://www.2daygeek.com/pacman-command-examples-manage-packages-arch-linux-system/
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[8]:https://www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples-manage-packages-opensuse-system/
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[9]:http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/man1/gvfs-trash.1.html
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[10]:https://github.com/bneijt/autotrash
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