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[bazz2翻译完了]Linus Torvalds Says All Contributor License Agreements Are Broken

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[bazz2 切克闹]
Linus Torvalds Says All Contributor License Agreements Are Broken
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**A controversy regarding Canonical's CLA has been going on for a couple of days, and now even Linus Torvalds has entered the discussion, although in a more peaceful manner.**
![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/Linus-Torvalds-Says-All-Contributor-License-Agreements-Are-Broken-418978-2.jpg)
CLA stands for Contributor License Agreement and it basically allows the distributor of your software (Canonical, Apache, and almost all the big distributors out there) to defend the application in case it needs defending, in a copyright issue for example.
In the case of Canonical, things are a little different. This is a company that needs to make money in order to survive and its goal is not only to release the Ubuntu operating system, but also to turn a profit. In this case, the CLA will allow Canonical to release the software under a proprietary license.
“To be fair, people just like hating on Canonical. The FSF and Apache Foundation CLA's are pretty much equally broken. And they may not be broken because of any relicencing, but because the copyright assignment paperwork ends up basically killing the community.”
“Basically, with a CLA, you don't get the kind of ‘long tail’ that the kernel has of random drive-by patches. And since that's how lots of people try the waters, any CLA at all – changing the license or not – is fundamentally broken,” said Linus Torvalds in a Google+ post.
Ubuntu Community Manager Jono Bacon explained why Canonical's CLA was the way it was and why it shouldn't present an obstacle for people who are trying to contribute to their project.
“This all boils down to barriers to community contribution. There are lots of barriers...choice of programming language, VCS, governance, tone of community discussion, how decisions are made, how branches are reviewed, bug management, CI workflow, and many other things...CLAs are just one additional consideration. Some people like them, some people don't, and that's fine.”
“I don't think Canonical has been disingenuous about the CLA or why Canonical thinks it is necessary. Has Canonical being flawless in the communication and messaging around it? Probably not. Underhanded and disingenuous? No.” said Jono Bacon in the same post.
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Linus Torvalds 坦言所有贡献者许可协议都不够完美
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**一场关于 Canonical 公司的贡献者许可协议的争论已经持续了好几天，现在连 Linus Torvalds 也加入这场论战了，呃，这次他比较心平气和了一点。**
![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/Linus-Torvalds-Says-All-Contributor-License-Agreements-Are-Broken-418978-2.jpg)
贡献者许可协议（CLA）允许你的软件贡献者（比如 Canonical，Apache 以及其他贡献者）在这个应用需要保护的方面提供法律保护，比如版权。
到了 Canonical 宣布使用 CLA，事情就变得有点耐人寻味了。Canonical 是一家商业公司，为了生存下去，它得赚钱，并且它的目标绝不仅仅是发行 Ubuntu 操作系统，它需要盈利。于是乎，Canonical 公司利用 CLA 将一些软件通过私有许可发行出来。（2011年7月份，Canonical 开始让贡献者签署一份 CLA 文件，文件表示贡献者可以保留自己的版权，同时要授权 Canonical 公司可以改变贡献者的许可协议 —— 译者注。）
“公平地说，人们只是讨厌 Canonical。那些 FSF 和 Apache 基金会的 CLA 也是这副德行。他们只是没有因为修改许可协议而受到非议，但是这些版权转换工作最终将会消灭整个社区。”
“基本上，在 CLA 下你不可能获得像 Linux 内核一样那么多的随机驱动补丁。因此不管多少人想试水 CLA，不管改不改这个协议，都一样，所有 CLA 都有本质上的缺陷，”Linus Torvals 在 Google+ 上面发帖说道。
Ubuntu 社区经理 Jono Bacon 解释为什么 Canonical 的 CLA 会走这条道，以及它不能给那些想为项目作贡献的人设置障碍的原因。
“这些都是社区贡献的问题。社区一直存在很多问题：开发语言的选择、VCS、管理方式、社区讨论的口音、如何决定方案、如何回顾分支、bug 管理、CI 工作流程以及其他无数问题。CLA 仅仅是其中一个。有人欢喜，有人讨厌，萝卜青菜各有所爱罢了。”
“我不认为 Canonical 在 CLA 方面表现得不够诚意，也不关心为什么它会认为它的 CLA 方案很有必要。Canonical 在人们印象中是完美无瑕的吗？不见得。那它危险吗？它虚伪吗？当然不。”Jono Bacon 说道。
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via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/Linus-Torvalds-Says-All-Contributor-License-Agreements-Are-Broken-418978.shtml
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出